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Effect of drought on plant-soil interactions
Secká, Gabriela ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Florianová, Anna (referee)
There are feedback processes happening between plants and the soil, called plant-soil feedback (PSF), during which the plants affect the physical, chemical and biological properties of the soil and the soil in turn affects not only fitness of individual plant types, but also interspecific interactions. The influence of PSF can manifest either instantaneously or with a delay, and it has a lot of external factors affecting it. The aim of my work was literary research, which focuses on the effects of drought on PSF. Frequent and repeating droughts, which are one of the consequences of climate change, affect not only the processes happening in ecosystems, but also individual organisms present in them, including microorganisms living in the soil. Intense droughts mainly cause temperature increases, decreases in soil moisture and soil degradation. The consequences of the drought include lowering of the primary productivity of plants and changes in the composition of soil and plant ecosystems. These changes, which influence the PSF, manifest as either positive or negative feedback.
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Importance of root exudates in plant-soil interactions
Horčičková, Veronika ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Janoušková, Martina (referee)
Plant roots are in constant contact with soil microorganisms and fungi, and they come in contact with soil fauna and the roots of other plants. All components of the soil biota communicate with each other. When it comes to plants it is often a chemical communication through root exudates, chemicals that plants release into the soil. Through root exudation, plants also affect the abiotic component of the soil, which helps them to obtain nutrients. The production of root exudates is important in attracting symbionts and beneficial organisms and, conversely, in repelling or killing pathogens and parasites. Thanks to root exudates, plants can recognize neighbouring plants, suppress the growth of competitors, or avoid competition with kin, and parasitic plants use root exudates as signals to find its host. By the action of root exudates, plants create their own community of microorganisms and fungi in the rhizosphere, adjust the availability of nutrients and thus actively change living conditions in the soil. This bachelor thesis focuses on plant interactions through root exudates and mentions the ways in which root exudation can be studied. The following diploma thesis will discuss the influence of root exudates of invasive plants on the native plant community.
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Změna produkčních charakteristik modelových rostlin po aplikaci vermikompostu s přídavkem bakteriálního inokula
Malsová, Anna
This diploma thesis deals with the change of production characteristics of model plants after application of vermicompost with addition of bacterial inoculum. In this work is elaborated a literature review focused on the process of vermicomposting, composting and stimulation of the root system of cultural crops using symbiotic or growth-promoting microorganisms. In addition, a practical experiment was carried out - an in-house vessel experiment with model plants was established, which was evaluated. The resulting data suggest that the most suitable variants in the formation of above-ground biomass were those containing vermicompost. The highest weight of aboveground biomass was achieved in vermicompost with the addition of Rizocore, where the production of aboveground biomass was increased 1.5 times compared to control soil.
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Mechanisms affecting plant-soil feedback in invasive species
Drtinová, Lucie ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Rumlerová, Zuzana (referee)
Invasive plants worldwide cause considerable ecologic and economic damage. In order to prevent this, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of plant invasion. One of the explanations of the success of invasive plants is their effective use of feedback interactions between plant and soil. Plant-soil feedback greatly affects the prosperity of a plant. While in most plants the intraspecific feedback is negative, invasive species show less negative or even positive intraspecific feedback. This may be due to the fact that invasive plants have the ability to alter soil composition to their advantage. This work deals with the individual components of plant-soil feedback, abiotic and biotic factors influencing the process, and summarizes their importance for plant invasion. The subject of the following diploma thesis will be a research on the significance of the individual biotic and abiotic components of the plant-soil feedback and assessing their importance for plant invasion. Key words: plant invasions, plant-soil feedback, mutualism, biotic factors, abiotic factors
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