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Portfolio diversification
ČERNÝ, Oldřich
The work deals with the diversification of the stock portfolio. Diversification is the di-vision of the portfolio into different investment instruments, into companies from different fields in different countries. The data was drawn from https://finance.yahoo.com. The companies on the market we-re selected using stock screening, according to several recommended criteria (price / profit ratio, price / book ratio, current ratio, debt to equity, market capitalization, region). Screener selected 26 companies, from which the final 10 companies were selected. For selected compa-nies, data for the last 5 years were downloaded from the monthly closing prices of shares from 1 March 2016 to 1 March 2021. First, the monthly and annual returns and risk of individual shares were calculated. Subsequently, the monthly return on the portfolio was calculated with a weight of 10% for each action. To calculate the risk of the portfolio portfolio, it was necessary to calculate the covariance and the correlation coefficient. Finally, the MS Excel solver was used, which looks for the minimum and maximum value. When using this add-on, it was necessary to specify restrictive calculation criteria. The sum of the weights of individual shares must be equal to 100%, it must be positive and calculated with the minimum risk at the given return, or the highest return with the given risk. The solver determines the portfolio with the lowest risk and the highest return, which will form the upper and lower limit of the allowable portfolios. The researcher also counts on 15 portfolios with the maximum return and the given risk. The risk was calculated from the lower limit to the upper one by one percent. The investor decides for each portfolio that meets his risk and return requirements. Whether he prefers a high return with a given level of risk, or a low risk with a given rate of return.
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