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Male breast cancer
PEŠLOVÁ, Lucie
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is carcinoma in men's breasts. Breast's carcinoma belongs to one of the most tumour disease of women. Tumours of mammary gland could affect even men, even though it is relatively rare. Approximate ratio of women and men tumour in breasts is 100:1. Due to its rareness in men population, significant part of the patients does not even realise that they could be affected by breast carcinoma. This type of ignorance could be the reason of late diagnosis of the disease and even a worse prognosis. The first part of the bachelor's thesis is focused on theoretical information with a description of a breast's anatomy, a brief overview of tumorous diseases and its classification and dividing. Subsequently it pays attention to high-risk factors, particular machinery used for detecting of the disease. It also includes the therapy of breast carcinoma itself including specific information about radiotherapy. The theoretical section is constructed from specialized publications, articles, and internet websites by literary research. The practical part of the bachelor's thesis has two main goals. First of them is to find out the exact rate of men awareness about breast carcinoma with directing it on their knowledge of possible occurrence of this illness in men's population and potential symptoms and treatment. An anonymous form with 21 questions was made to find out the results needed for this thesis. In this questionnaire 58 men have participated in total. The second aim of the thesis was to preform an analysis of the number of men and women, whom was breast carcinoma detected in the period from January 2017 till December 2021. Gained data was afterwards compared with literature, which states the approximate ratio between men and women breast disease 100:1. The data for the practical part comes from computer database of 3 oncological centres, which are Oncological department Hospital České Budějovice a. s., Oncological clinic University Hospital in Prague and Oncological department Hospital Jihlava a. s. File included 30 male patients and 4075 female patients in total.
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Men's Mammography Specialities
FRÁŇOVÁ, Jana
Every male patient coming for a breast examination has already experienced some problems with the breast. In most cases they relate to the enlargement of the mammary gland ? gynaecomastia, and less often a tumour. Breast carcinoma represents only a small part of tumours among the male population with an incidence of approximately 44 new patients per year, which is less than 1% (exactly 0.13%) of malign tumours. Mammography of male patients is usually performed in the basic standard projections ? mediolateral and craniocaudal. Generally it is possible to perform other projections (but this is very rare) ? lateral and caudocranial. The mediolateral ? transversal ? projection is usually satisfactory in male patients. Due to the anatomical structure of the male breast a hands-on examination is also very important in the diagnostics of the male mammary gland. Mammographic examination is not the first-choice method. Just ultrasound examination or just mammography is satisfactory in many cases. This situation is different in female patients where mammography is the first-choice method, followed by ultrasound and biopsy in the same medical workplace. In men, mammographic or ultrasound examination can be just auxiliary to determine staging. Every workplace may perform different routines and methods in male mammographic examination. However, all these examinations should be characterised by high quality and best possible diagnostic information, professional approach of the staff, and mainly the effort to improve long-established procedures.
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