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Problems with recycling of lithium from unusable batteries
Brožek, Vlastimil ; Dufek, V. ; Němečková-Hrnčířová, M.
The article describes critical stage of LIB recycling, that is, safe opening of the batteries to permit subsequent thermal treatment. LIB contain volatile, toxic and explosive components in hermetically sealed metallic or glassy containers. In LIB electrolytes such as Li-MH, Li /CF Li/SO2, Li-ion or Li-ion-polymer, and also Li-MnO2, Li-SOCl2, Li2FeS2 and Lipon (lithium and phosphorus oxide-nitride), the following compounds can be identified: polypropylen carbonate, ethylen carbonate, dimetoxyethane, various glykol esthers, lithium perchlorate or lithium fluoride-phosphate solutions. These can increase the risk of explosion when heated. Most of LIB producers do not disclose the composition; thus, every new type of battery is a specific item, from the cleanup point of view. The positive information about less flammable or non-toxic components of new LIB types, such as fluorated aryles, polyacryl-nitryl gels or phosphorus chelatocomplexes, do not make the recycling issues easier.
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