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Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons
Rešlová, Petra ; Lipovský, Milan (referee)
Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons ABSTRACT The research on autonomy in robotic systems is flourishing in many areas, but none is deemed as troubling as the development of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). It raises various compelling questions, legal and ethical ones. Discussions on the potential challenges posed by these emerging technologies highlighted the desirability of a certain level of human control. The notion of meaningful human control (MHC) over LAWS has gained widespread support. However, the principle itself and its requirements are yet to be defined. To this end, this paper analyses the emerging principle of MHC and explores its elements. It aims to clarify questions such as where the principle stems from and how it should be perceived and integrated into State practice. First, the definition and categorisation of LAWS are shortly addressed to provide an introduction to the topic. Second, it is argued that it is necessary to insist on the requirement of MHC, particularly because of technological limitations of current and future technology, such as object recognition and classification, bias, or unpredictability. The arguments stemming from the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) on the conduct of hostilities are explored, mainly the rules of distinction,...
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The implementation of lethal AI systems on the battlefield and its implication on warfare
Schoenemeyer, Julian ; Hays II, George (advisor) ; Solovyeva, Anzhelika (referee)
This paper examines the role of lethal AI weapon systems on the battlefield and its implications for the classical concept of warfare developed by Carl von Clausewitz. Furthermore, it addresses the consequences that a proliferation of these systems can have on the current security orders. To examine both issues, my study uses a qualitative research design that consists out of two cases. My methodological approach uses a content analysis approach that is based on objective and subjective characteristics of each system. Moreover, I differentiate between airborne and ground-based systems. The results that I generated from this case study indicates only a weak effect of lethal autonomous weapon systems on the classical concept of warfare. These autonomous robotic systems rather enhance and modify the existing theory. A similar correlation can be found regarding the second research question that a proliferation of LAWS has also only a limited effect on current global security orders. Their effects are more of regional significance. Therefore, my study concludes that the effects of LAWS on the classical concept of warfare is marginal, likewise to the effects on global security structures. A possible limitation of my study is that it doesn't take offensive fully autonomous weapon systems into account...
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Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons
Rešlová, Petra ; Sassòli, Marco (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons ABSTRACT The research on autonomy in robotic systems is flourishing in many areas, but none is deemed as troubling as the development of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). It raises various compelling questions, legal and ethical ones. Discussions on the potential challenges posed by these emerging technologies highlighted the desirability of a certain level of human control. The notion of meaningful human control (MHC) over LAWS has gained widespread support. However, the principle itself and its requirements are yet to be defined. To this end, this paper analyses the emerging principle of MHC and explores its elements. It aims to clarify questions such as where the principle stems from and how it should be perceived and integrated into State practice. First, the definition and categorisation of LAWS are shortly addressed to provide an introduction to the topic. Second, it is argued that it is necessary to insist on the requirement of MHC, particularly because of technological limitations of current and future technology, such as object recognition and classification, bias, or unpredictability. The arguments stemming from the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) on the conduct of hostilities are explored, mainly the rules of distinction,...
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