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The methodology of integrated Colorado potato beetle management in potatoes under new agro-environmental conditions
Doležal, P. ; Hausvater, E. ; Baštová, P. ; Kocourek, F. ; Stará, J. ; Sedlák, P. ; Sedláková, V. ; Skoková Habuštová, Oxana ; Nermuť, Jiří
The aim of the certified methodology is to provide updated principles of effective integrated Colorado potato beetle management for the agricultural practice resulting from new findings on biology and population genetics in the situation, when the range of effective insecticides has been reduced, pest resistance to insecticides has been increased and agro ecological conditions have been changed. Colorado potato beetle is a very serious insect pest of potatoes, highly mobile and able to quickly develop insecticide resistance. The methodology was drawn up based on the newest findings on the efficacy of existing insecticides registered against Colorado potato beetle, taking into account newly acquired knowledge in the field of pest resistance to active ingredients and a necessity of ever increasing multiple applications.
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Influence of potato seed coating with entomopathogenic and mycoparasitic fungi on the yield and quality of potato tubers
SOBOLÍK, Martin
Quality seed plays an important role in potato cultivation. Only recognised and certified seed potatoes should be used for planting. The health of the seed potatoes is therefore an important parameter. In the bachelor thesis, the effect of seedling coated with the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum and the mycoparasitic fungusTrichoderma virens on yield-forming parameters and the health status of the crop and subsequently harvested tubers was investigated. Both beneficial fungal species M. brunneum and T. virens had a positive effect on the growth and development of potato plant. In particular, the mycoparasitic fungus T. virens positively affected growth parameters in plants. Plants from seedlings coated with M. brunneum produced largerer and heavier tubers in compare to the control and T. virens variants. During the vegetation, the M. brunneum variant had statistically the lowest number of larvae and adults of the Leptinotarsa decemlineata. From the data, it was found that the highest actual yield was achieved with the T. virens variant and the theoretical yield with the M. brunneum variant. The BP results suggest that biological methods of plant protection by using of beneficial fungi for coating seeds can be used as an Potato Integrated Pest Management.
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Možnosti využití odrůdové odolnosti bramboru a botanických insekticidů pro regulaci mandelinky bramborové (Leptinotarsa decemlineata Say) v ekologickém zemědělství.
ŠAŠKOVÁ, Jana
This diploma thesis deals with the influence of potato variety on the feeding behavior of Leptinotarsa decemlineata, the effectiveness of botanical insecticides on this pest and the possibility of using a combination of low doses of these products and varietal resistance of potatoes for pest control in organic farming. The aim was to find out whether the adult potato beetle prefers a certain variety and whether this food preference correlates with the content of glycoalkaloids. Furthermore, the effect of three selected preparations at concentrations of 0.1 %, 1 %, 10 % and 100 % of the recommended dose on the mortality of L. decemlineata adults was evaluated by toxicological tests and the values of lethal concentrations LC50 and LC90 were calculated. In further experiments, the synergistic effect of the variety on mandelin mortality after treatment with low concentrations of selected insecticides was investigated. It was found that of the three tested varieties, mandelinka preferred the Velur variety, then the Jindra variety and, lastly, the Dominika variety. The most preferred variety had a statistically higher solanine content compared to the remaining varieties. All three tested natural insecticides caused the death of the treated mandelins. The mean lethal concentration (LC50) was highest for NeemAzal, followed by Spintor and Rock Effect. The results of experiments combining low doses of insecticides and potato varieties did not show statistically significant differences in mortality between the more and less preferred varieties.
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