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Listen to the look: Sartre, Lévinas and the other
Schubert, Alfréd ; Švec, Ondřej (advisor) ; Válová, Dita (referee)
If we want to compare Sartre's and Lévinas's conception of intersubjectivity, we need to start by assessing the difference between the two situations which these thinkers consider as model cases for the relation to the other: the author of Being and Nothingness emphasizes the dramatic character of the relation using the metaphor of the other's look, who's objectivizing power forces the subject to protect itself; in Totality and Infinity, on the other hand, is highlighted the situation of listening, in which I do not objectivize the other and am not objectivized, but called to respect the other's alterity. Which of these situations should we consider as the essential paradigm of the relation to the other? Am I haunted by the other's look wherever I go? Or is it only through his face that the sense of being is opening to me? While Sartre an Lévinas agree that the apparition of the other poses an aperture in the world of my possibilities, for Lévinas, it constitutes mostly a window through which the ethical sense of my earthly being and a call to take responsibility for my freedom shine through to me. For Sartre, contrarily, the leak in the world is most importantly threatening my freedom. We will carefully consider the differences and similarities in the conception of the other in philosophy of the...
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