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The changes of the position of unexpelled Germans in Czechoslovakia 1945-1953.
Kaufholdová, Jenny ; Nigrin, Tomáš (advisor) ; Šmidrkal, Václav (referee)
In the post-war period, the Czechoslovak Republic was subject to many difficulties and demanding changes. One of the most important tasks was connected to the renewal, which lead to the request to create a nation state without a German minority. However, the whole issue was not quite simple and encountered many complications. Although the post-war goal was eventually declared as a success, it was not entirely accomplished. In spite of all efforts, a part of the Germans remained in Czechoslovakia after the main expulsion. The approach to the Germans was influenced by many circumstances, but overall, the unexpelled Germans were still marginalized. The situation of these Germans in the period of the third Czechoslovak Republic changed slowly over time, but the decisive change came after the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia consolidated its power in February 1948. In order to fulfil the aims and ideals of the new regime, the previous approach to the Germans who remained in the Czechoslovakia had to be modified. This thesis focuses on the time period after the end of the Second World War and maps the transformation of the status of the unexpelled Germans according to historically determined events until 1953. It compares the attitudes towards Germans in the political system of the third Czechoslovak...
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The private Business in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the eighties
Novák, Pavel ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Šalanda, Bohuslav (referee)
The diploma thesis "Private business in Czechoslovakia in the second half of the eighties" focuses on the period of "perestrojka" in the conditions of socialist Czechoslovakia in the second half of the eighties. The aim of the thesis is to describe and especially evaluate the beginnings of private business in socialist Czechoslovakia at the end of the eighties. The research question then is whether this economic form of production and trade had any hope of greater development given the given political order. Derived questions are to what extent private business was successful, what and how big a response it evoked among the population and especially how it was accepted and evaluated by the ruling elite. The thesis traces the change in the attitude of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia towards private business after Mikhail Gorbachev took over as General Secretary of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union and the reconstruction of the economic mechanism announced by him both in the Soviet Union and in its satellites. The primary method will be work with archival materials from the National Archives of the Czech Republic, the Archive of the Security Forces and other state organizations, as well as work with information from the contemporary press. The secondary source...
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Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and Parliamentary Elections in 1925
KOLAŘÍK, Petr
This diploma thesis deals with the development of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia during the years 1921-1925, its work in the party-political system of the first Czechoslovak Republic and the elections to the National Assembly, which took place in November 1925, in which it measured forces and popularity against other political parties. This was the first parliamentary election for the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia since its inception. Despite this, it was a huge success, gaining almost one million electoral votes, making it the second strongest party in the whole Czechoslovakia. Greater attention is paid to the internal party disputes that accompanied the party during its development throughout almost all of the 1920s, the Communist Party's attitudes towards the state regime, the methods of spreading Marxist-Leninist ideology during the election campaign and the election results from a communist point of view.
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Literární noviny, Literární listy and Listy (1966-1969): The story of the demise of the Union of Czechoslovak Writers' weekly
Čáp, Johan ; Čeňková, Jana (advisor) ; Končelík, Jakub (referee)
This bachelor's thesis aims to describe the functioning of a weekly Literarni noviny, one of the most influential periodicals in Czechoslovakia in the 1960s. Between 1966 and 1969, the publication of this cultural magazine was stopped twice and Literarni noviny was renamed twice - first to Literární listy and later to Listy. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with the phenomenon of cultural magazines in the 1960s, the functioning of censorship in Czechoslovakia, and important topics with which the periodical influenced contemporary discourse. In the practical part, using qualitative methods - historical-comparative analysis and text analysis - summarizes the content and graphic changes of the periodical in individual stages, and puts everything in context with other cultural periodicals of the time. Part of the bachelor's thesis is also an oral history interview with Vladimír Karfík, then editor-in-chief of the cultural section of Literarni noviny. The conclusion of the thesis shows the periodical changed structurally relatively little between 1966 and 1969 and the changes in content corresponded to the progress of media liberalization - the tightening or loosening of censorship. The unique interview with Vladimír Karfík complements some details that do not appear in the literature and is a...
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Criteria for prohibition or suspension of political party's activity and their fulfillment by the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia
Sedlář, Jiří ; Hájek, Lukáš (advisor) ; Charvát, Jan (referee)
The topic of banning or suspending the activities of the Communist Party of Bohemia and Moravia (KSČM) has long resonated in Czech society. The aim of the thesis is to answer, on the basis of summarized criteria and expert opinions, whether the KSČM did not meet the conditions for its prohibition or suspension of its activities in a certain period of its existence (1989-2012). The text is theoretically based on the concept of defensive democracy, the foundations of which are brought closer to the reader both in general terms and in a more detailed form in the environment of the Czech Republic. Among other things, the thesis reflects selected historical cases associated with the Communist Party, which led to the development of this concept in the Czech Republic. Individual efforts to legally sanction the Communist Party culminated in 2011 with a request from the Ministry of the Interior for expert opinions. The aim of these assessments was to support the reasoning of the upcoming proposal to suspend the activities of the KSČM. The result of this work is the finding that on the basis of a comparison of general criteria and arguments from expert opinions, the activities of the Communist Party could not be banned or suspended.
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Hegemony struggle according to KSČ
Bruna, Jaroslav ; Vilímek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Slačálek, Ondřej (referee)
(in English) The author tries to describe the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in relation to itself and the surrounding environment, especially in the period from 17th November to 21st December 1989. He will use primarily the articles from Rudé právo and a stenographic record of the unscheduled session of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia on 24th and 26th November 1989 which was published under the name Poslední hurá. He considers it appropriate to put into context the events of November and December 1989, with political development in Czechoslovakia in January, at the turn of June and July, and in October 1989. This analysis attempt will be based on the principles of general linguistics of Ferdinand de Saussure and discourse theory of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe. The combination of hegemonic analysis and deconstruction will be used as a method of workflow. When analyzing the transformation of the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia, the author attempts to rely primarily on three principles deriving from discourse theory. The identity is not a fixed essence but it is created in the political struggles of the content of specific concepts. There have been attempts to fully fixate the identity of individuals, groups, society. But the identity is...
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Comparison of the relationship of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the postwar years 1945-1948
Kočí, Jakub ; Kocian, Jiří (advisor) ; Vykoukal, Jiří (referee)
This bachelor work compares the relationship of the Czechoslovak National Socialist Party and the Czechoslovak Social Democratic Party to the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia in the term of the third Czechoslovak Republic, that implies in the postwar years 1945-1948. The aim of this text is to interpret the examined relationships in the context of selected internal political event, in which proved the similarities and differences among these three socialist parties. First, the text sketches the postwar restoration of the activity of political parties, the approval of the Košice government programme and the creation of the National Front. Then follows a passage devoted to the Czechoslovakian parliamentary elections to the Constituent National Assembly in 1946 and an analysis of the debates on the nationalization and the land reform. Another part of this text deals with the disputes about the millionaire's taxes, that caused not only the internal political conflicts, but it escalated even more the contradictions within social democracy, which subsequently changed the party chairman on the Brno congress. The last part of the text concerns the events of February 1948, which became fully apparent the dissension of the National Front, where then took place opinion collisions especially between the...
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The Elimination of the Private Enterprices, Small and Medium Sized Enterpreneurs, in Czechoslovakia between 1948-1953
Buštová, Iva ; Marková, Alena (advisor) ; Štemberk, Jan (referee)
Diploma thesis "The elimination of the Private Enterprises, Small and Medium Sized Entrepreneurs, in Czechoslovakia between 1948-1953" is focused on the period after the February 1948, which dates the power takeover by Communistic party of Czechoslovakia, and deals with one feature of change of the Czechoslovak economy, especially the elimination of the private sector, and arising of the socialistic sector as the only segment of the national economy. The thesis reveals the change in communistic attitude toward the private entrepreneurship in 1945-1949, and steps which it took against the private entrepreneurs. Moreover, the thesis describes acting of state authorities and other institutions which played important role in the whole process. It also detects the way which was used for joining the private small and medium sized enterprises into the socialistic sector or the way how they were eliminated in 1948-1953. The whole process is embedded into a broader historical background. The research includes three levels. The first one is legislative level, the second includes state authorities and institutions taking part in the process of elimination following the instructions given by the Communistic party of Czechoslovakia, and finally the third level which refers to entrepreneurs themselves and their...
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