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Influence of various systems on housing and breeding of dairy cattle
DUBOVÁ, Dagmar
The trend in development of new technologies and machinery in the area of agriculture and animal husbandry shows an increasing number of robotized operations. Such trend mostly appears in dairy cattle breeding, which has its logical explanation due to the fact that high ratio of human labour in milk production is more than obvious. The basic prerequisite for a successful utilization of milking robotic systems is to provide dairy cattle with sufficient quantity of top quality food and water as well as to ensure their welfare. The aim of the bachelor?s work was to compare the influence of both stanchion housing using a milking pipeline method and loose housing with robotic milking system on basic categories of dairy cattle behaviour, milk efficiency and reproduction. The observation itself was executed in each housing system for the period of 24 hours, during which an interval method with a ten-minute interval mode was used. Basic life activity of dairy cattle such as: feed intake, standing, lying and movement were monitored. All data were collected and assessed under running conditions on a private dairy farm owned by Václav Dub in Boubín near Horažďovice. The task was carried out in a reconstructed housing, where both systems are in operation. During the day, the dairy cattle remained mostly in a lying position, from which 50,33 % were kept in stanchion housing and 49,54 % in loose housing. When being housed in a standing position, 23,78 % of the dairy cattle paid attention to feeding and 27,05 % of dairy cattle were robotically milked. Standing position represented 25,89 % in stanchion housing and 19,31 % in loose housing. The movement was only monitored with dairy cattle housed in free housing representing 4,1 %. After the milk efficiency was assessed, there were some statistically significant differences (P?0,001) found in milked milk as well as in a kilogram of protein. With respect to reproduction, the length of the insemination interval was recorded showing 129 days when being stanchion housed and 95 days when loose housed. The length of the service period of dairy cattle in stanchion housing was 144 days while dairy cattle milked robotically showed the length of 109 days. All in all, it was proved that a free movement has a positive influence on the milk efficiency, fertility as well as the welfare of dairy cattle.
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The analysis of efficiency and fertility with regard to presence of horns in dairy cow herd
TOMANOVÁ, Jana
For quite a long time there is trend of de-horned cattle supported in our country and in the whole developed world especially for safety of farmers and animals. Despite of this fact, especially in organic breeds, there are quite often these two forms together in one herd. The aim of this thesis was to evaluate the efficiency and fertility of Holstein cows with regard to presence of horns. Observation of a herd of Holstein cattle took place from April 2010 to September of 2011 at Bemagro, a.s. The priority of this ecologically farming company is to preserve horns in the herd. A total amount of 100 cows was observed, from which 50 of them was de-horned and the equal amount was horned. There were indicators of fertility measured (service period and insemination interval) as well as indicators of milk production (the amount of milk, content of fat, proteins and lactose).
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Analysis of selected effects on fertility of dairy herds in the Czech Pied cattle
FÁK, Tomáš
The important presumption and interest of all the cattle breeders is to own herd which is during good reproduction capabled of reaching high milk utility. This is possible only in case that quality genetic basis of herds is ensured. The reproduction of herd is in the centre of attention of our cattle breeders in these days. Constantly making worse reproduct indicators are the main problems of many agricultural companies pursuing of breeding of cattle. It is need of breeding of cattle to devote right attention especially in mountains and foothills regions because in these areas the breeding of cattle frequently performes unproductive function. The objective of this work was assessment of reproduct indicators by genotypes at herd of czech pied cattle. In the monitoring there were included in dairycows which were calved for the first time in 2007 to 2009. The monitoring dairycows were separeted to groups by genetic share of czech pied cattle ( C1, C2 a C3). In created groups there were monitored reproduction indicators ( interval, insemination interval, insemination index, service period), the age in the first calved, milk utility and percentage after the first insemination. These indicators were refered to genotypes of individual breeding The gravidity of heifers of all genotypes groups after the first insemination was over 60% which can be valued as excellent. At the cows was this indicator weaker than average in ČR which is 41,5%. The average value of gravidity after the first insemination at cows of groups C1 to C3 was 40,6%. The insemination interval was unsuitable with average duration 90 days at all groups. The values of service period were unsuitable too with average duration 141 days during monitoring period. The longest service period was at genotypes group C3 ( 154 days). The age in the first calved at all genotypes groups was higher than breedig aim. The average age at all groups in the first time calved was 33 months. The breeding aim is 27 to 29 months. The influence among genotypes and reproduction indicators wasn´t proved. The influence of genotypes was proved at milk utility in the first lactation. The highest milk utility in the first lactation had group C3 (5249,476 kg of milk). The found results proved that monitoring indicators of fertility and milk utility are influenced by sustenance of dairycows and management of herd.
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Analysis of selected effects on milk production and fertility in the Czech Pied cattle herd
HORA, Ondřej
The fertility and milk yield are many factors. Generally, these factors can be divided into external and internal. Regarding external factors, including, for example, nutrition, the level of breeding, breeding technology, mobility and the human factor. The most important internal factor is the individual's genetic makeup, heritability and breeding value of parents. The aim was to assess the level of milk production and reproduction of selected Czech Pied cattle herd. The data were evaluated in 3 of lactation in the period 2007-2010. Follow-up was a group of Czech Pied dairy cattle on 190 pieces. File cows were divided according to lactation, the cows at 1, 2 and 3.laktacions. The reference group of cows were subdivided according to the genetic contribution to C1 and C2. The C1 were still separated dairy herd subgroups C100. Furthermore, the observed group of dairy cows as a separate group of fathers. Chosen were 3 bulls whose daughters were in the study group, the highest proportion, the threshold was set at 15 daughters. In the monitored group did not demonstrate the influence of breeding value of the fathers of the fathers upon the subsequent performance of daughters. These results may be distorted by a small number of daughters in the sample. The highest milk production showed a C2 for all lactations. This group had the highest proportion of genetic dairy breeds. This group had the highest performance at the 3rd lactation (6793.13 kg). Has been shown to influence the genetic contribution to individual reproductive performance. The shortest SP was the first lactation group C100 (120.62 days) and the second interim Lactation is also a group C100 (379.58 days). In group C2 with a higher proportion of dairy breeds (A, R), these values were lower (141.29 days and 426.39 days). The observed results of performance tests show that a group of dairy cows of Czech Pied cattle (C100) has, for the period of below average values of milk yield (6188 kg), compared with average values of milk yield of the Czech Spotted breed in the Czech Republic. Also, reproductive performance observed in animals showed below-average performance in comparison with the average of the Czech Spotted breed in the country. The cows were monitored groups revealed a significant difference in fertility problems. It was found that the most common reason for exclusion breeding cows were fertility disorders (71.9%) and other medical reasons (22.1%). The observed density was the mean longevity. C100 group had an average calving 3.07, then 3.58 C2 calving
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