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Růstová schopnost telat masného skotu
HOFMANNOVÁ, Natálie
Abstract In recent years, the number of cows kept in the system without market milk production has been increasing in the Czech Republic, especially at the expense of the number of dairy cattle. At present, approximately 226,000 BTPM cows are bred in the Czech Republic. The main economic indicator of beef cow breeding is the number of reared calves per 100 cows and their achieved live weight. The aim of the work was to prepare a literature review including the characteristics of aubrac and shorthorn breeds, performance characteristics and the main influences affecting the performance and fertility of stallions. Another goal was to evaluate the growth ability of calves in two monitored herds of beef cattle. The monitoring took place on farms that operate in the mode of organic farming. A total of 66 calves were monitored. Data on sex, date of birth, origin and weight of calves (aged 120, 210 and 365 days) were obtained from records of control of performance of beef cattle breeds and farm records. Birth weight was determined by a qualified estimate of the breeder (according to the breeding standard and the experience of breeders). The data were processed in MS Excel and Statistica 12 into tables and graphs. When comparing the weight of both breeds at the age of 120 days, the weight is slightly higher in the observed herd of the Shorthorn breed, compared to the Aubrac breed. At the age of 210 days, the average weight achieved is also higher in the shorthorn breed, which partially affects the individual's own performance and feed quality. At 365 days of age, the aubrac bulls had a greater difference in weight than the shorthorn bulls. When comparing the weight of heifers in both breeds at the age of 120 and 210 days, the weights are almost balanced. The Shorthorn breed achieved the highest increments from birth to control weighings. The monitored herd of the aubrac breed reached a slightly lower average weight in comparison with the population of the aubrac breed in the Czech Republic. When comparing the monitored herd of the shorthorn breed and the population of the shorthorn breed in the Czech Republic, the monitored herd achieved balanced results. The monitored herds achieved very similar results, so it cannot be said with certainty that one breed was better than the other.
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