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The Awareness of Hepatitis B, C, D and Possible Ways of its Transmission at Intravenous Drug Users in Pardubice Region
TICHÁ, Žaneta
This thesis deals with the knowledge regarding viral hepatitis B, C and D considering intravenous drug application. Viral hepatitides represent one of big medical problems around the world. Hepatitis B, C and D belong among the most serious infectious diseases blood and sexually transmitted. However, these are not the only possible ways of transmission. At viral hepatitides there exists a risk of infection not always due to their own fault. We are all exposed to this risk and therefore it is important to inform and raise awareness about viral hepatitides not only among intravenous drug users but also general population. All over the world 2 billion of people are estimated to suffer viral hepatitis B, over 180 million hepatitis C and the number of people infected with viral hepatitis D is estimated for 15 million. Viral hepatitides can cause acute illness as well as we must take into account asymptomatic form of this disease. The infected itself does not have to know about his/her disease for a long time, therefore all the stated numbers are estimations. The theoretical part deals with actual situation ? in the first part there is defined the term intravenous drug user and there are listed the most important risks of this way of drug application. Next part is divided into five subchapters. In the first three subchapters I deal with viral hepatitides B, C and D. These subchapters describe an occurrence, source of infection, ways of transmission and symptoms of individual diseases. The second last subchapter describes prevention of viral hepatitides and the last one presents a treatment of viral hepatitides. Practical part includes a research. The research sample created intravenous drug users attending Kontaktní centrum Laxus o. s. (Contact Centre) in Pardubice and a field program in the Pardubice region. For this research I chose the method of questioning, the questionnaire technique. The result data were processed and consequently entered into graphs and tables. The results were assessed and compared to an available literature within a discussion. There were defined two targets and six hypotheses within the research.
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Viral hepatitis B at i.v. drug users {--} health and social issues
SOUČKOVÁ, Iveta
The bachelor thesis has been focused on monitoring the prevalence of viral hepatitis B in the South Bohemian Region in the period from 2005 to 2009 years. Intravenous drug users are the target group since they belong to the risk group jeopardized by this infection. The thesis has got two basic parts {--} a theoretical part and a research one. The theoretical part describes not only a history of this dangerous disease and its prevalence in the world, but it also concentrates on the basic epidemiological characteristics, treatment, health as well as social and economic impacts on the whole society. In the theoretical part I drew from the available literature and from the existing legislation. An aim of the research part of the bachelor thesis was to map an incidence of viral hepatitis B in the South Bohemian Region in the period from 2005 to 2009 years at intravenous drug users. Three hypotheses were established in order to identify the objectives; it was chosen a quantitative research with a technique of a secondary data analysis from Epidat system for their confirmation or refutation. Altogether 199 electronic screening sheets of intravenous drug users reported by the Regional Public Health Watch in České Budějovice were analyzed. The research established the first hypothesis, which assumed that the overall incidence of viral hepatitis B at the intravenous users in the South Bohemian Region in the period from 2005 to 2009 years is the same, as it is in the Czech Republic. This hypothesis was confirmed. Likewise, the second hypothesis was verified; it assumed a higher prevalence rate of acute viral hepatitis B at the intravenous drug users in the South Bohemian Region in the monitored period from 2005 to 2009 years than it was the prevalence in the Czech Republic. The anticipated third hypothesis regarding an educational attainment of the intravenous drug users in the South Bohemian Region in the period from 2005 to 2009 years was, compared with the results observed in the same period in the Czech Republic, verified as well. The results can be used for a need of any further research, for professional publications and for teaching purposes.
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