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Tumor markers at OKB Pelhřimov Hospital - methods of assessment, clinical significance.
VACÍKOVÁ, Kateřina
Tumour diseases are the most common cause of death in the Czech Republic after heart and vessel diseases. Each year a number of new cancer patients are diagnosed and accepted for treatment. Determining the level of tumour markers is an integral part of screening methods for early detection of the disease, diagnosis and control of the course of treatment. Currently, no universal marker is available, so more markers of cancer, whose specificity and sensitivity are overlapping, are determined in the analysis. In the theoretical part, the thesis deals with a general description of tumour diseases. Another part is devoted to tumour markers, characteristics, evaluation of the results of the examination and their division. Subsequently individual tumour markers investigated at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization, are described. The practical part is devoted to the methods of tumour marker determination at the Department of Clinical Biochemistry ofPelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization. It is followed by the description of the principle of tumour marker determination on the Cobas e601 analyser. The experimental part is devoted to the statistics of tumour markers for individual years (2015-2017) obtained from the Department of Clinical Biochemistry of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization. Furthermore, in the experimental part I deal with patients and their evaluation of the results. The aim of the bachelor thesis is to prepare a summary of the most important and most used tumour markers, a brief characterization and a description of the importance for clinical practice. The thesis also presents laboratory methods of their determination including analytical parameters, preanalytical requirements and the evaluation of tumour marker results. At the end of the thesis statistical data obtained at the workplace of OKB (the Department of Clinical Biochemistry) and RTO (the Department of Radiology) of Pelhřimov Hospital, semi-budgetary organization, are presented.
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The influence of hormonal treatment on succes of induced controlled spawning of Weather loach (Misgurnus fossilis)
ŽÁK, Jakub
The Weather loach (Misgurnus fossilis) is one of the fastest disappearing species in Europe. This is the reason for finding a solution for support of natural populations. The possible solution is artificial stripping under controlled conditions and stocking of offspring into appropriate habitats. Carp pituitary extract (CPE) has been used for controlled stimulation of oocyte maturation until now. The usage of CPE in fishery is decreasing because of health risks. The aim of this thesis was the comparison of different hormonal stimulants on selected aspects of artificial spawning of Weather loach. Stimulants were injected intramusculatury in two doses. Females were taken from experimental pond in Vodňany FROV (individual body weight 31 - 59 g). Temperature was kept at 17.9 +/- 0.13 °C. The lowest percentage of ovulating females (80 %) was achieved after stimulation by Dagin (dose: one ampula per 40 kg). With use of the other stimulants, all females were ovulating. The highest relative amount of stripped eggs in relation to pre-stripping weight of female was reached after application of Ovaprim in dose 1 ml×kg-1 (170 +/- 19 ks×g-1). The smallest amount of stripped eggs was obtained after application of Pregnyl in dose 1500 IU×kg-1 (85 +/- 38 ks×g-1), Pregnyl in dose 3000 IU (97 +/- 24 ks×g-1) Chorulon 1500 IU (86 +/- 32 ks×g-1) respectively. The shortest latency interval was observed after stimulation by CPE (18 hours) and by Ovaprim in dose 2 ml×kg-1 (23 hours) respectively. Interval of latency was longer than 31 hours in females stimulated with lower doses (1500 IU) of a stimulant without dopaminergic inhibitor. The best synchronization of ovulation was observed after stimulation by CPE (1 hour) and Chorulon in dose 3000 IU and 1500 IU (2 hours) respectively. The egg of weather loach contained 53 % of carbon, 21 % of oxygen, 12 % of nitrogen, 8 % of hydrogen and 0.3 % of sulfur. Chemical composition was significantly different only in oxygen concentration between females stimulated by CPE and 2 ml×kg-1 Ovaprim. In general, worse results of artifficial spawning aspects were observed after stimulation by stimulants without dopaminergic inhibitor. The results in this thesis show which accessible commercial hormonal stimulants used in stimulation of other fish species are useable for controlled reproduction of weather loach. Ovopel and Ovaprim can be recommended for stimuation of ovulation or spermiation of weather loach.
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Optimization of artificial spawning of pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) using HCG and new ways of removing artificial stickiness of eggs before incubation.
BLECHA, Miroslav
The object of the thesis is to experimentally find the most suitable method of artificial spawning of pikeprech, using hormonal stimulation of ovulation in females hormonal medication containing HCG. After scraping of the broodstock and after artificial fertilization of eggs obtained experimentally test new methods of artificial stickiness removing of eggs and then evaluate the success of artificial incubation of stripped, fertilized and unstickeness eggs of pikeprech. Experiments that are part of the thesis have been divided into several sub-experiments. In the first experiment was observed effect of different doses of hormonal Chorulon, containing the active substance HCG, the basic indicators of reproductive females. Was evaluated as spawning synchronization, spawning success, the number of spontaneous spawnings, fertility of females and hatching rate of eggs. The used HCG doses were 250, 500, 700 and 1000 IU per kilogram of body weight. All eggs were deprived of stickiness using a mixture of talc and milk. In the second experiment was carried out comparing different types of removes stickiness solutions. Here was evaluated especially time and labor intensity and the influence of various solutions on fertilization and hatching rate of eggs. In this trial was all pikeperch females injected the same amount of HCG hormone 500 IU per kilogram of body weight. Tested solutions was a mixture of talc and milk, just eggs wash water and the solution of various concentrations alkalase. The amount alkalase was 0,5; 1; 1,5; 2 and 5 ml, which are mixed with distilled water, so that the total volume of the solution was 1000 ml. The third experiment was supposed to simulate the pilot plant mass propagation of pikeperch females. All females received the same amount of hormone 500 IU of HCG per kilogram of body weight. All eggs were deprived of stickiness using a mixture of talc and milk. In the last experiment was one of the methods tested, which could limit the number of spontaneous spawning during the artificial spawning of pikeperch. To prevent spontaneous spawning were selected females (all were injected with 500 IU of HCG per kilogram of body weight) sewing genitourinary papilla. The incubation of eggs collected during all the experiments were used Zugské bottle.
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