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Genus Haemophilus and laboratory examinations in medicine today
KADLECOVÁ, Jana
My bachelor´s thesis focuses on the most major pathogen of the genus named Haemophilus, and Haemophila influenzae. H. influenzae is an originator of more serious infections, mainly its type b, which is the most virulent organism, causing invasive diseases mainly with children and older people. It causes mainly meningitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In the theoretical part of my bachelor´s thesis I write about the genus Haemophilus and clinic significances of the most famous species which occur at present. The genus Haemophilus is an aerobic and a facultative aerobic gram that means it is a negative bacteria, which is characteristic for its arduous requests for accretion. I used some methods for the diagnosis. I used the following methods a test with growth factors, which is a common diagnostic method, which distinguishing Haemophilus according to their addiction to the growth factors. This method is financially very demanding and currently the mason being why its results are not so accurate. But thanks to a new technology a more modern method called MALDI TOF weight spektronomie (MS) was found, which is easier, quicker and more accurate than the first one. MALDI TOF enables a diagnosis of the most demanding pieces of bacteria, yeast and mushrooms. The MALDI TOF diagnosis is characterized by undisputed reliability and cost effectiveness. Lactam antibiotics, mainly antibiotics - co-amoxicilin and chloramfenikol are used as treatment methods against Heamophilus. Against serious infections can one protect themselves with a vaccination the Hib vaccination. In the practical part of my bachelor´s thesis I described some processes and laboratory diagnostics of the pathogen H. influenza by methods MALDI TOF MS and by the Test for growth factories in a microbiological laboratory named Synlab, czech s.r.o., in České Budějovice. The results of how frequently H. influenza occurred in the year 2013, were gained from of the previously mentioned laboratory information system and were transported into the other laboratory from a field office of general practisioners. The other aim of my bachelor´s thesis was to compare severity and of each method. HYPOTHESIS 1: The frequency of H. influenzae in the year 2013 depends on a season. HYPOTHESIS 2: The MALDI TOF MS method is reliable and fast for identification of the genus Haemophilus. The Test with growth factories is not so reliable and fast. From the results it is obvious that the frequency of H. influenzae depends on the season. Heamophilus are very demanding and sensitive bacteria for cultivation and they need optimal conditions for their accretion. In this season the viral diseases increase and they can affect the process of the treatment. During the comparison of these two methods I managed to prove that the second hypothesis MALDI TOF is useful in a diagnosis. This method is not demanding. And the result can be obtained in a few minutes. At the end of my thesis it can be said that the MALDI TOF MS method is fast, reliable and an efficient diagnosis tool for identification of microorganisms. MALDI TOF MS has become an effective method for taxonomic classifications and microbiological studies. The MALDI TOF MS method is fast and there are minimal costs for consumables in samples.
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