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Vzájemné ovlivňování angličtiny a druhého cizího jazyka a jejich vliv na jazykovou úroveň studentů na českých středních školách
Humhalová, Tereza ; Mikuláš, Martin (advisor) ; Dvořák, Bohuslav (referee)
My diploma thesis is concerned with the possible effects of linguistic transfer between a Czech grammar school students' acquired languages, namely English and French or German, on their performance in these languages. The thesis is written on the backdrop of the Czech Education System. The System of Curricular Documents and the related documents which predetermine the students' language development are introduced, and their most important implications for the development of the students' L2 and L3 are listed out. The foreign languages which this thesis is predominantly focused on, namely English, French and German, are analysed diachronically, synchronically and typologically to establish their main principles, their similarities, and differences, which may serve as the possible sources of linguistic transfer. Cognitive processes underlying the development of L2 and L3 systems in the context of the Czech Education System and relevant theories are introduced, including the variables which determine to a significant degree the development of these languages and may have implications for the possible instances of linguistic transfer. Hypotheses and research questions which arise from the theoretical research are then proposed, the answers to which I intend to provide by means of a...
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Multilingual analysis of human emotional states
Rendek, Tomáš ; Koula, Ivan (referee) ; Atassi, Hicham (advisor)
This work deals with the properties of the speech signal. At the beginning it introduces a process of generation of the speech. Then, it covers the prosodic features of the speech, which represent a related characteristic of emotions. It defines an emotion itself, as well as the basic features and parameters of the human speech. For the analysis we use the program called Praat. As it is an unknown program, we devote a part of the work to it, which acquaints us with its advantages. The next part of this paper comprises also two enclosed databases containing records of particular emotional states of human. These databases were created and collected for Slovak and German language. However, none of them contain spontaneous material. Next, the work concerns a concept of the neural networks. It regards it as a possible realization of recognizing of emotional characteristics. The initial analysis presents large number of gained features, out of which only the best twelve were selected on the basis of geometric separability. These features are distinct for both sexes, as well as for both nationalities. Consequently, they are used for training with a neural network. The work concludes by summarizing of the results discussing the successfulness with recognition of emotional states. It also gives possible reasons which lead to degradation of their successful classifying. The thesis contains a CD with all the partial and ultimate results, and files with records for Slovak and German language.
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Phraseologisms in fairy tales of brothers Grimm and their reproduction in Czech translation
VODIČKOVÁ, Alžběta
The thesis deals with phraseologisms in The Brothers Grimm Fairy Tales and their reproduction in Czech translation. The basic concepts of phraseology are described in the theoretical part. Furthermore, there is described the meaning of phraseological units in language and there are explained their individual attributes. Then, basic concepts of contrastive phraseology are defined and phraseological and non-phraseological types of equivalence are determined. The corpus of phraseologisms from twelve selected Grimm´s Fairy Tales (Tangled, The Town Musicians of Bremen, Mother Holle, Little Red Cap, Puss in Boots, The Six Servants, Cinderella, Snow White, Briar Rose, The Frog King or Iron Heinrich, Rumpelstiltskin, The golden Goose) is gathered in the practical part. To these German phraseologisms there are assigned their Czech phraseological and non-phraseological equivalents. The acquired paired units represent the described types of equivalence. These types of equivalence are analysed on demonstrative examples. The thesis is also interested in Czech translation of German phraseologisms and it comprises the quantitative results.
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Interference of Czech, German, and English with the focus on the quantity of German vowels
Mukařovský, David ; Nečasová, Pavla (advisor) ; Švermová, Dagmar (referee)
This work deals with language interference and the teaching of foreign languages and of their pronunciation. It provides a detailed description and comparison of the vowel systems of Czech, German and English. It then focuses on connecting the graphic and the phonic aspects of these three languages and looks for differences. In the research part, the author investigated how well the pupils of two third years of the Kolín Grammar School do when it comes to the German vowel quantity and its relationship with the graphic form of the language. The research took place in the phases of pretest, intervention, posttest. During the tests, the data was collected in writing - pupils wrote dictated German words and marked long vowels in preprinted words. The research was conducted first in one grade and then in the second to improve the intervention. During the intervention lesson the students were led, among other things, to derive a helpful pronunciation rule, according to which stressed vowels followed by at most one consonant should be pronounced long. In the German tests, numerous English interferences were noted, e.g. in the words Glas or Metall. To help detect English interference, the students also wrote a small test on English vowel quantity, which besides the interferences in German also revealed...
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The Influence of English on the German Language
LOCH, Daniel
The subject of the bachelor thesis is the occurrence of English language borrowings in contemporary German. In recent years, English has strongly influenced the lexical vocabulary of many languages, not excluding German. The task of this thesis is to find both similarities and differences in the process of adoption of anglicisms by the German language. Linguistic elements of English already fall into the lexicon of German speakers, and it is among the younger generation that they are exceedingly popular. The theoretical part will focus on the term anglicism, the history of anglicisms, their impact and penetration into the German language. Attention will also be paid to the formal adaptation of English loanwords in German and their place in contemporary communication. The practical part of this thesis aims to map the relationship of young people in particular to anglicisms. At the same time, it tries to find out what influence English borrowings have on German vocabulary.
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The Construction of Ethnic Minority Identity in Foreign Language Teaching in South Bohemia
FISCHBÖCK, David
This master thesis concerns itself with the topic of creation of identity in relation to language acquisition and its role in the teaching of foreign languages. In the first, theoretical part of this thesis, the connection between language and identity is explored from multiple perspectives. First, identity and its numerous subtypes are described from a psychological point of view. Later, the focus shifts to the relationship between the acquisition of language and the construction of identity. Finally, the role of identity trough language acquisition is explored as a part of the teaching of foreign languages. In the second, practical part of this thesis, the theoretical knowledge is put into practice on the example of foreign language teaching in schools in the region of Budweis/České Budějovice, in south Bohemia. Using two questionnaires a comparison is created between a group of English and a group of German learners. This comparison aims to find answers concerning the role of identity in foreign language teaching classes. The goal of this comparison is not only to (dis)prove the differences in the attitudes of the two learner groups towards their target language, but it also tries to find reasons, factors, and explanations, that would help to clarify these differences. These clarifications are then to be used as the basis for recommendations, which would help to optimise the learning of foreign languages through a stronger identification of the learners with their target languages.
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Learning German After English in the Field of Syntax
VYBÍRALOVÁ, Veronika
The diploma thesis deals with the teaching of German as a foreign language after English in the field of sentence structure. The theoretical part is based on the basic literature and it is focused on the presentation of the basics of German and English syntax, considering the differences in both languages. The empirical part covers an analysis of German language textbooks at the A1 level, which focuses on the presentation of syntactic phenomena in which students often make mistakes due to the differences between these two languages. Subsequently, based on the research, the basic syntactic errors are determined and possible solutions and exercises for working with these syntactic phenomena are proposed. The aim of the thesis is to carry out the analysis of textbooks, own research and suggest solutions in teaching German as a foreign language after English in the field of syntax.
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German-Russian relations during the Chancellor Angela Merkel governments
Hynčíková, Magdalena ; Romancov, Michael (advisor) ; Kučera, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with the topic of German-Russia relations during the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel and also with the dynamic of these relations in the stated period. The theoretical part is focused on foreign policy and the levels of its analysis. The analytical part researches the behavior of the Russian Federation and Germany in international crises. The research works with the historical context and the background of selected affairs which may have affected the behavior of both participants in the international field. This thesis aims to explain how the German-Russia relations changed between 2005 and 2021, which direction they took and how they were affected by international crises.
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Analysis of the problem of the transfer of Germans in the newspapers between 1945-1946
Gročková, Marie ; Štemberk, Jan (advisor) ; Cviklová, Lucie (referee)
For my diploma thesis I chose the topic: Analysis of the problematics of the expulsion of Germans in the period press of 1945-1946. In the first part of the thesis I will focus on the methodology and the chosen type of analysis. Then, in the theoretical background of my work, I will interpret the development of the relationship between the Czechs and the Germans, I will try to describe in detail when the first conflicts between the two nations began. In addition, I will deal with the expulsion of the Germans as such, as well as its phases, taking into account the establishment of the system of internment camps, the decrees of the president of the republic and the views of both nations on the issue. In the last chapter I will deal with the analysis of the press from 1945-1946. My aim will then be to describe the discourse of post-war Czechoslovakia regarding the expulsion of Germans, the attitude of the powers on an international scale, but also the visions of the future Czechoslovak Republic, as it was established by then political representation.
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Language Modelling for German
Tlustý, Marek ; Bojar, Ondřej (advisor) ; Hana, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with language modelling for German. The main concerns are the specifics of German language that are troublesome for standard n-gram models. First the statistical methods of language modelling are described and language phenomena of German are explained. Following that suggests own variants of n-gram language models with an aim to improve these problems. The models themselves are trained using the standard n-gram methods as well as using the method of maximum entropy with n-gram features. Both possibilities are compared using corelation metrics of hand-evaluated fluency of sentences and automatic evaluation - the perplexity. Also, the computation requirements are compared. Next, the thesis presents a set of own features that represent the count of grammatical errors of chosen phenomena. Success rate is verified on ability to predict the hand-evaluated fluency. Models of maximum entropy and own models that classify only using the medians of phenomena values computed from training data are used.
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