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Proximal Femoral Fractures - Nurse Problem with Aging of Population
ŠTECÁKOVÁ, Martina
This bachelor thesis deals with the nursing issue of proximal femoral fracture in the context of aging of population. Recently there has been an increase in the number of cases of proximal femoral fracture in the elderly people above all. Age and general state of health influence significantly the entire postoperative period and self- sufficiency of the patient. The objective of the thesis was to research factors related to proximal femoral fracture, to find out about mobility and at the same time about self-sufficiency of the respondents before and after the trauma. Then, to point out the areas of self-care in which the client has the largest deficit, how the client manages the individual areas and whether his own efforts and efforts of the nursing staff can help him to return to the normal life. These objectives were achieved in the thesis. Four hypotheses were set. Hypothesis 1: Proximal femoral fracture in clients above 65 occurs more with women than with men, was verified. Hypothesis 2: Proximal femoral fracture occurs most frequently with clients living alone after the fall at home, was also verified. Hypothesis 3: Clients who are fully mobile and self-sufficient before the trauma, usually return directly to their original environment immediately after the discharge from the trauma department, was not verified. Hypothesis 4: Self-care in hygiene in the postoperative period is the most difficult task for the respondents, was not verified. The theoretical part deals with anatomic structure, vascular and neurological supply of proximal femur. The other part describes particular types of fractures together with clinical picture and treatment possibilities. Then old age with all its aspects is described. An important area is the nursing part, focused on preoperative preparation and postoperative care. To verify the hypotheses, quantitative research was chosen. A standardized interview was designed for patients. An anonymous questionnaire was designed for nursing staff. Further on, content data analysis was applied. The results of the work point to the deficit in the area of self-care, which influence ability of the elderly to return to the normal life. If nursing staff and physiotherapist were familiarized with these results by means of a workshop initiated by the management of the Clinic of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, it might lead to the improvement of the nursing care and it also might become a stimulus for more intensive rehabilitation. Mapped self-care deficits will be then used to create educational material to facilitate the provision of particular services by home care agencies that will compensate for these deficits when the patient returns to his home.
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