National Repository of Grey Literature 2,735 records found  beginprevious21 - 30nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Parallel Currency: A Suitable Tool for Vulnerable Euro Zone Countries?
Kortová, Kateřina ; Dědek, Oldřich (advisor) ; Hrušová, Ivona (referee)
The recent financial and economic crisis led to a deepening of fiscal problems in many countries all over the world. European countries were also hit hard by the economic downturn. The critical situation in Greece and its negative impact on the economic situation in the whole Euro zone has brought up many questions about the rigidity and functionality of the euro concept. A majority of economists and politicians support the idea of saving the Euro zone since the break up would be quite costly. There are many ideas regarding a solution to the current situation, and one of the most radical is the introduction of a parallel currency in the states which are trapped in the debt crisis. The aim of the thesis is to take a critical look at the historical development of different approaches to this theme with a focus on theories based on the devaluation as the solution. The parallel currency theory is compared to Euro zone break-up scenario and hard restructuring option and the positives and negatives of each approach are analysed. Finaly the simulation on the Greeek case is performed to prove or diproved the positive effects of parallel currency establishment. JEL Classification E31, E42, E52, E63, F15, F36 Keywords Parallel currency, financial crisis, the euro, the European Union, the Euro zone
Supervision of the financial system in the European Union
Žáček, Ondřej ; Kohajda, Michael (advisor) ; Kotáb, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract This master thesis deals with the arrangement of the supervision of the financial system in the European Union. Its content and structure is strongly tied with two principal supervisory pillars - European System of Financial Supervision (ESFS) and Single Supervisory Mechanism (SSM). The first chapter starts with the historical background of the European financial supervision and proceeds to the recent global Great recession which motivated the reforms that led to the current state of the supervisory structure. The operation of the ESFS and SSM is thoroughly explained in chapters two and three respectively, moreover I cover their interaction with national supervisory authorities and special emphasis is put on the role of the Czech National Bank. Several controversial issues are also reflected in the course of the thesis, ie. rather regulatory than supervisory role of the European supervisory authorities which contradicts the initially declared intentions, their low operability or quite illusory legislative demand of extensive independence of national representatives when they stand for their respective home authorities in the European institutions. The emphasis on the Czech Republic is evident from the sub-chapter regarding the potential entry into the close cooperation with the Single Supervisory...
The Gender Pay Gap within the European Union
Ederová, Michaela ; Plechanovová, Běla (advisor) ; Knutelská, Viera (referee)
The thesis describes the gender pay gap and evaluates it from the view of the European Union and the Member States. It focuses on the measures and instruments that have been developed to tackle the causes of the gender pay gap. The definition of the pay gap is given and the gender and gender roles are described. The gender pay gap as a systematic underpayment of women is measured using adjusted and unadjusted data. The thesis concerns with primary causes of the gender pay gap, such as the horizontal and vertical segregation, differences in human capital, or discrimination. It deals with the gender pay gap at the level of the European Union and at the level of the individual Members States. The role of the European Union is described and assessed as well as its legislative and non-legislative instruments. The focus is on the proactive measures that contribute to solving the primary causes of the gender pay gap. The positive action measures and family-friendly measures are presented.
The Relevance of Azerbaijan and Georgia in New Energy Geopolitics
Dvořáková, Tereza ; Střítecký, Vít (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
The submitted thesis called "The Relevance of Azerbaijan and Georgia in New Energy Geopolitics" deals with the topic of perception of energy security from the perspective of the European Union with special emphasis put on two southern Caucasian countries - Azerbaijan and Georgia. The purpose of this thesis is to analyse the topic by means of the constructivist approach. The theoretical framework is based on the redefined theory of securitization. The methodological basis is represented by the discursive analysis of the official documents issued by the European Union, embedded in the context of European Neighbourhood Policy and the Eastern Partnership initiative respectively whilst taking into consideration the external influence of the Russian Federation in the time period of approximately ten years, i.e. from 2003, when the European Neighbourhood was established, up to the present. The main objective of the submitted thesis is to assess the perception of energy security from the point of view of the European Union and to identify key contextual links and discursive themes that dominated the political discourse of the European Union in particular moments of the respective period.
The New Regionalism and the institutional framework of the regional cooperation in the Western Balkans
Šindelář, Jan ; Králová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Šístek, František (referee)
The presented thesis is analyzing the regional cooperation in the Western Balkans (WB) focusing on interactions of local actors. Theoretical background is based on the new regionalism, a theoretical approach to regional interactions. Contemporary studies on New Regionalism (NR) actually do not consider the Western Balkans to be part of this process and as a result we lack sufficient information about the basic characteristics of this region. The author proves that the WB is engaged in the process of the new regionalism and in fact by focusing on the institutional structure he demonstrates that several parallel processes are ongoing in the region as for example regional cooperation, integration or cooperation with another region. For the purpose of this research two projects of regional cooperation were chosen, South Eastern European Cooperation Process (SEECP) and the Regional Cooperation Council (RCC) which are regarded as the main pillars of the political cooperation in the WB. By examining their structure we may understand the relevance of the region as an independent actor and the general aims of the regional cooperation.
Legislative Process in the European Union: European Citizens' Initiative
Houda, Ondřej ; Knutelská, Viera (advisor) ; Plechanovová, Běla (referee)
This thesis is embedded in the theoretical approach of multilevel governance and presumption of the rational behaviour of actors. Using the method of process tracing it aims to uncover the legislative process in the European Union. It is a single case study and as a case was chosen the negotiation of the regulation of the citizens' initiative. Various actors were involved in the negotiations, this thesis focuses on the main one - European Commission, European Parliament, the Council, interest organisations and national parliaments. The thesis presumed, that all actors will try to push through their interests based on their rational choice. This presumption was verified, although the success rate of the players varied a lot. As the most successful should be considered the European Parliament, who defended the interests of the individuals and the Council, which apparently represented the interests of the governments of the member states (especially in the issues of lowering the bureaucratic burden). The interest organisations showed their positions clearly, however the Commission did not take their positions much into account while preparing the draft regulation. The position of the national parliaments was different then presumed. Although the thesis expected them to be directly involved in the...
The impact of the 2014 amendment of the Directive 92/85/EEC in the presence of women in the production sector
Caria Fernandes Ferreira Nunes, Madalena ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Mysíková, Martina (referee)
As with many other public policies, the 2014 amendment of the Council directive 92/85/EEC, concerning the introduction of measures to encourage improvements in the safety and health at work of pregnant workers and workers who have recently given birth or are breastfeeding, may have unintended consequences, beyond its original purpose. Thus, this research aims to study if the aforementioned amendment caused some disturbance in the participation of women in the labour market, differentiating by production sectors. To do this, a sample of OECD countries was used to employ a differences-in-differences methodology, where the treatment group was the set of EU Countries subjected to this law. In addition, the model is extended to control for country-specific variables allowing for a descriptive analysis of the influence of the selected variables on the share of women in the different sectors. Although the effect of the amendment on the share of women in the analysed industries was found to be statistically insignificant using the differences-in-differences methodology, the covariates model offers interesting insights on the topics of fertility, education, maternity leave and employment protection. A brief analysis of variance has also shown that the countries that implemented women-specific legislation...
Frontex: A Gendarmerie of the EU or just a Border Assistance?
Netopil, Petr ; Kučera, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bahenský, Vojtěch (referee)
This research focuses on the Civil-Security Relations between the EU and its border agency, FRONTEX. Relationships between the state and its border guards vary wildly in space and time in terms of the level of militarization, which is why this thesis set out to define the situation of the EU's first uniformed and armed service. A single case study was used, as FRONTEX as a transnational border agency is a deviant case. This research creates a typology of security services within the state and then places FRONTEX within it. In the discussion that follows, the relationship between the EU and FRONTEX seems to be matched best by the relationship between a state and its gendarmerie, though the police force is also very close. Furthermore, there are exceptions where the agency behaves more like an army or a civilian service. In terms of real-world analogues, it tracks most closely the relationships between the Baltic states, Finland, Poland, and their respective border guards.
The impact of crises on differentiation and integration in the EU: COVID-19 and Ukraine
Běhunčík, Radek ; Martinková, Viera (advisor) ; Jeřábek, Martin (referee)
The European Union has had to deal with an increasing number of crises over the past 15 years. The future of its integration is thus increasingly dependent on concrete crisis responses. At the same time, the increasing heterogeneity of its members makes it more difficult to find compromise solutions, and integration often takes a differentiated path. This paper has attempted to answer the question of what is the impact of crises on the integration and differentiation of the European Union. It did so through an explanatory two-case study of the most recent emergencies - the COVID-19 crisis and the high energy price crisis linked to the war in Ukraine. To find the answer, a congruence analysis of the Union's crisis responses was conducted based on the models of Riddervold et al. The supply and demand theory of differentiation then explained the absence or presence of differentiation. The central data source was the European secondary legislation, frequently neglected by integration theorists. The analysis results find the crises' effects to be pro-integration in the given cases, here primarily in a uniform pattern. However, in the case of COVID-19, the thesis reveals shortcomings of the crisis response models used, pointing to the need for their conceptual reformulation. For a more comprehensive understanding...
The instrumentalisation and weaponisation of migrants, its impacts, and how the EU responds: the case of Belarus
Škopková, Lucie ; Parízek, Michal (advisor) ; Kazharski, Aliaksei (referee)
This diploma thesis will focus on the weaponisation of migration as a hybrid threat posed to states in an attempt to destabilise their internal systems. The case study of the Poland-Belarus border crisis will be used to examine and illustrate how the European Union can address such hybrid attacks and how this reflects on the notion of the European Union as a 'normative power'. This will be done by conducting a content analysis of relevant news articles from EURACTIV, EUobserver, and POLITICO on the case study and by holding interviews with experts and academics. The notion of the European Union as a normative power will be explored through the lens of realism and neo-realism, focusing on the role of human rights and the European Union's reliance on sanctions. This will help to explore the conclusion that the conceptualisation of the European Union should be more nuanced, making it appear as a civilian power with strong normative foundations in practice rather than a solely normative power.

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