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Climate change and the Non-Identity Problem in Derek Parfit's work
Svěrák, Vojtěch ; Jirsa, Jakub (advisor) ; Hříbek, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of my project is to reconstruct Derek Parfit's examination of the Non-Identity Problem (NIP) with special emphasis on the example of climate change understood as a version of NIP. In the first part, I establish the connection between climate change and NIP. Then, I show how and why Parfit fails to find a solution to NIP in his book Reasons and Persons (RP). Furthermore, I describe the rejected suggestion from RP that is developed in Parfit's unfinished article Future People, the Non- Identity Problem, and Person-Affecting Principles (FP). In the third section, I argue that Parfit's indicated answer to NIP from FP, so-called Wide Dual Person-Affecting Principle (WDP), can avoid paradoxes and implausible conclusions that the impersonal approach and other versions of the person- affecting view could not if explicated and supported by other related concepts, such as the Imprecise Lexical View (ILW) or existential non-comparative benefits. Moreover, specified WDP provides innovative tools to justify moral intuition, threatened by NIP, that structural decisions that significantly contribute to climate change are wrong because they lower the collective and individual benefits of future people. In addition, they create a lexically worse world.
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