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Smoking at children and young people - analysis in 8 years age spread
SUCHÁ, Kateřina
Abstract The topic of my bachelor work is Smoking of children and youth {--} analysis in an eight-year age range. Smoking of children and youth is a highly discussed problem at present; therefore I have chosen that phenomenon for my bachelor work. The first part describes the present general status of the topic of smoking. I used literary sources stated in references for that topic. I focus on the history of smoking, on the composition of tobacco smoke; I describe individual types of tobacco products, the manifestations of tobacco intoxication, the essence of dependence, types of tobacco dependence and the withdrawal symptoms. I deal with the topic of passive smoking, diseases related with smoking and smoking during pregnancy. I also focus on risk and protective factors of children and youth in relation to habit-forming substances. Another circuit of the current status is treatment of tobacco dependence and its types. In conclusion I described the topic of tobacco product advertising. The research performed used quantitative method from sociological point of view. Two questionnaires were used for data collection. One questionnaire was used to collect data at the elementary school of Mirotice and it was intended for pupils of third through sixth classes (see Annex No. 1). The second questionnaire was intended to students of the 1st through 4th classes of the Secondary agricultural school of Písek (see Annex No. 2). The first aim was to ascertain whether more girls or boys smoke at present. After evaluating the results, I came to the conclusion that more girls than boys smoke. The second aim was to compare the frequency of smoking in 8-9-year old children with 16-17-year old young persons. I could not compare that aim. No 8-9-year old child stated to smoke. I have stated two hypotheses: 1. Children and young people are not informed about the health risks originating at smoking. That hypothesis was not confirmed. According to the answers, children are sufficiently informed about the health risks of smoking. 2. Children and young people are the most strongly motivated to smoke by friends and the media. The research showed that children and youth are the most frequently motivated by friends; negative influence of media was not confirmed. From the total number of 139 respondents, only 40 smoke, which is not so highly alarming situation. One of the means to eliminate even more the status of smoking of children and youth could be particularly an increase of preventive programs at schools, because almost a half of the respondents answered that no such program was running at their school.
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Smoking - The Current Treatment Possibilities of Nicotine Addiction
CHYTILOVÁ, Monika
In comparison with other countries the Czech Republic has a relatively high prevalence of tobacco smoking. What is alarming is the growing number of 15-year-olds who smoke at least one cigarette a week. While in 1997 to 1998 this comprised 22% of boys and 18 % of girls, in 2001 to 2002 this figure had increased to almost 29% of boys and 31% of girls. Around 30 % of adults in this country are smokers, yet 70 % of these, i.e. around one and a half people, want to quit. Very few of them are successful without adequate therapy. This is also the reason why in 2008 a total of six tobacco addiction treatment centres were established.So far we have no accurate economic data relating to the costs of treating smoking and other health complications which result from smoking. There is, however, no reason to assume that these figures would be particularly different from those for other European countries. Some health insurance companies are aware of the high costs of treating smoking-related illnesses and are actively providing financial and non-financial support to those wishing to quit.The aim of this bachelor{\crq}s thesis was to determine how well-informed the population is as regards the options for treating nicotine addiction; also to map out the most common reasons that lead smokers to quit. In this work I have used the anonymous questionnaire technique to investigate this issue. A total of 100 people over the age of 15 were questioned. Hypothesis 1 assumes that the majority of the population knows about at least one way of treating nicotine addiction. Hypothesis 2 assumes that the majority of the population, if they smoke or if they were to smoke, would first seek expert advice from their GP. Hypothesis 3 assumes that the most important motive for stopping smoking is to save money.This work can be used as the basis for further bachelor{\crq}s or diploma theses on a similar topic, or to supplement courses at ZSF JU University in České Budějovice.
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Public awareness of drug problems in České Budějovice district
KOZLOVÁ, Lucie
ABSTRACT Addictive drugs are all around us and they have become a part of our lives. The issue of drug abuse is of critical importance, global, and difficult to solve. Typically, drugs are categorized as tolerated or not tolerated by society, and more or less risky. It is vital, therefore, to know the attitude of public to the issue. Lots of drug abuse causes have already been revealed, just like the reasons why some users develop addiction while others do not. In all probability the abuse of drugs or the addiction development cannot be put down to a single background factor. Everything will depend on personality traits of the individual, on his or her environmental conditions, and on specific effects of the drug. Since I take much interest in these issues, I have chosen for my thesis the subject of Public awareness of drug abuse issues in the District of České Budějovice. I investigated what people knew about drug abuse at the District where I live; their opinions of drug abuse; whether they believed that drug abuse deteriorated social position of an individual; whether they believed it boosted the rate of crime; if people were informed about facilities assisting recovery from drug addiction within the District of České Budějovice; and, last but not least, whether they suspected what drugs could come in their way here. The thesis aimed to examine what people knew about the drug abuse issues in the České Budějovice District. This objective has been met. Fifty three percent of respondents were found well informed on the subject, while the remaining 47% lacked the information. The survey was to prove or disprove hypothesis that the public was unaware of organizations providing help to drug addicts - the hypothesis was not confirmed since 51% of respondents were informed about the relevant organizations and 49% were not. Another hypothesis predicted that the public could not tell the illegal drugs from the legal ones - it was not confirmed as the public was found sufficiently informed. The hypotheses expecting the public to believe that drug abuse drives crime and deteriorates the addict's social position were confirmed by the bulk of respondents living in the District of České Budějovice. Ninety nine percent of the respondents believed the drug abuse pushed up the crime rate and 95% were of the opinion that it affected the addict's social position. As follows from the survey, the public in the České Budějovice District was relatively well informed of the drug abuse issues, though the differences encountered between awareness and unawareness of the subject were just minor. I intend to release the thesis as an information source for the general public(in the form of brochures, internet publications or periodicals); moreover, I want to offer the results to organizations engaged in the drug abuse treatment and to students of the University of South Bohemia to serve as training material. The public will find a wealth of important drug-related information in the paper, while the addiction treating organizations will be prompted to fill the gaps still existing in information available to the general public.
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Optimal Network of Drug Services and Probe into Drug Scene in Region Jindřichův Hradec
SCHWARC, Štefan
Diploma work provides description of a drug scene in the region Jindřichův Hradec. It characterizes recent network of services, and presents process as well as basic models of Harm Reduction services optimalization. It also provides analysis and description of problem drug use in four towns within the region {--} it is Jindřichův Hradec, Třeboň, Dačice and a smaller town České Velenice. Next to the analysis and description of recent situation the diploma work also attempts to estimate possible development of drug scene as well as drug services in the near future.
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Drug Addiction and Relations en Famille
POKORNÁ, Šárka
The work deals with the family and drugs. The first part characterises the function and functionless family, her functions and interest to child. Next it describes causes drug addiction, division drugs into legal and illegal, prevention primary, secondary and tertiary. In the practical part there is research drug problem on second school. Most children have experience in drug and reason is within the family.
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The Psychology of Computer Use in Relation to the Age of Users
ŽIŽKOVSKÁ, Markéta
This thesis discusses the usage of computers in different age periods of human life. It is focused also on educational process. It mentions software and attitude of pedagogues towards the new educational methods. Important for school education is family and communication with it, therefore the foreknowledge of parents is mentioned. Since this thesis covers also the adult population, a part of this thesis attends to ergonomics of computer workstation. Not only healthy people need and use technical. Devices helps the handicapped ones. In this thesis activities which help better education are mentioned or better socialization of handicapped people. Important part of this thesis covers the health problems and dependencies, which may occure after long-term computer usage. An important part of this thesis is the free time which got also its space herein. The conclusion of this thesis covers the internet and its specifics in adolescents and a general virtual reality reception.
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Social conseqences of adiction on pervitin.
LIŠKOVÁ, Monika
The thesis is a qualitative study of one person. I tried to analyse family and personal case history, the experience with drugs, drug addiction, spread into family and extended social relationships. To collect all the data I used the method of content analysis, surveillance and non-standard interview with the woman and her mother and father. I was loooking for causalities which helped her overcome the addiction. The study outlines the rise of methamphetamine addiction, social consequences and possible ways of remedy. It can be used as an example in education or detoxication work with people addicted to psychoactive substances.
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Psychotherapical approaches to treatment of drug dependence
DOBIÁŠOVÁ, Gabriela
The phenomen of drug dependence is one of the most problematic questions at present time. Drugs become much greater threat for youth, however even for children.Young people should direct their attention instead of passing experience with a drug in another direction especially try hard their selves-realization. In this direction there is a family support already important from childhood, the primary prevention both in the family setting and even at school and media influence is important as well.The fight with a drug sometimes resembles the fight with an unconquerable enemy. It can seem that it is useless to make any effort to this fight but I think that indifferent approach to this question is not right. Even one positive finished struggle with danger called the drug has sense to take as an example and believe in happy ends of all drug dependent adults, youth and children. The substance of the solution of drug dependence,the whole conception of this dependence and finding of a suitable therapeutic approach is often a subject of confusing and antagonistic interpretations. The therapy of this dependence is a long-termed and complicated process. It requires the first-rate judgement of a problem, certain time, finding of a suitable therapeutic programme as well or a therapist and a suitable therapeutic direction. The treatment of drug dependence involves not only a separate psychotherapeutic part, however also pharmacotherapy, concultation with other participant people, subjects and substance of a suitable application of psychotherapeutic technique. In my work I aim at success of individual variations of psychotherapeutic approaches in therapy of drug dependence as a fundamental point of work with a client. I prefer the investigation of dependence therapy on non-alcoholic drugs. Another aim of my research is to evaluate satisfaction of the clients with services of the treatment facilities in which they are treated now but also evaluation of experience with a relevant previous therapy. I am interested in comparison of clients´ and therapists´opinions on the therapy of drug dependence and the effectiveness of performing therapies in a mental home against a therapeutic community.
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