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Specifies of nursing care for patiens with non-invazive ventilation.
TICHÁ, Věra
The use of the non-invasive ventilation of the lungs is connected with the positive pressure ventilation. When the endotracheal tube was developed, this method was put aside. Recently, its use has gone up again. It is indicated for the patients with acute respiratory insufficiency, cardiogenic pulmonary oedema. The non-invasive ventilation of the lungs does not require any sedation. In addition, there is no risk of intubation of the airways. The contraindication includes acute ischemic myocardium, a non-cooperating patient and inability to ensure the face seal. The research used qualitative and quantitative data collection methods. The qualitative research was done in the form of interviews and content analyses of data. The research sample composed of six patients from the intensive care units in the hospital Nemocnice Tábor, a.s. The research sample of the quantitative data collection was made up of nurses from four hospitals in the Czech Republic, who work at the intensive care units and at the anaesthesiology and resuscitation unit. In total, 100 questionnaires were distributed and 84 properly filled in questionnaires were returned. The questionnaire included 40 closed questions. Objective 1 was to find out whether the nurses know and use the standard of the nursing care for the patient with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs. Objective 2 was to map actual conditions of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs. Objective 3 was to map which problems the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs have. The objectives of the work were fulfilled. This work has got one research question. Which problems do the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs have? The research found out that the patients most often have problems with rubbing and soreness to their face, dry mouth and throat and problems with sleeping. Hypothesis 1 (the nurses know standards of the nursing care for patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs) was disproved. The standard is not established in any hospitals. Hypothesis 2 (the nurses use the standards of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs) was disproved. The output is the development of the standard called "The nurse assistance of the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs". Hypothesis 3 (the way of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs is different in the selected hospitals) was disproved. The nursing care in the selected hospitals is provided at the same level. The nursing care for these patients is a very demanding task for a nurse. An important element of successful treatment is a good psychological preparation of the patient and almost continuous presence of the nurse at the patient´s bedside. We hope that some of the results of this research will draw attention to the problems of the nursing care for the patients with non-invasive ventilation of the lungs and will help to solve them. The developed standard could also become a part of the nursing care procedures in medical facilities. .
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