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Nursing Perioperative Care in the Cardiac Surgery Department
VÍTKOVÁ, Aneta
The incidence of civilisation diseases is rising not only in the Czech Republic but also worldwide. The incidence of cardiovascular diseases is widely represented in the population. To ensure proper and continuous development in the field of cardiac surgery, seamless interdisciplinary cooperation is necessary, which includes also perioperative nurses. The aim of this thesis is to identify the specifics of nursing care provided by perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and to determine whether these nurses are motivated in the area of lifelong education. The empirical part consisted of both qualitative and quantitative research. Qualitative research was conducted through semi-structured interviews with perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Nurses were deliberately selected from three different healthcare facilities. The interviews were transcribed verbatim, processed using the "pen and paper" method, and categorized. For the quantitative research was used a non-standardized questionnaire which consisted of 18 questions and was distributed among perioperative nurses working in cardiac surgery operation theatres throughout the Czech Republic. Distribution was also carried out through NCO NZO (National Centre of Nursing and Non-medical Healthcare fields) and the Faculty of Health Studies in Pardubice. A total of 62 respondents participated in the questionnaire survey. The resulting data was processed using MS Excel and the Realstatistics add-on, with the help of graphs, contingency tables, and statistical calculations. The results of the qualitative research allowed us to map the activities performed by perioperative nurses in the role of a scrub or circulating nurse in cardiac surgery operating theatres. Perioperative nurses carry out a wide range of tasks which include care before, during and after the surgery. Communication and proper functioning of the entire surgical team are also essential. By carefully preparing for the procedure, complying with all duties and fulfilling good workplace relationships, they can provide the best possible care to patients. The results of the quantitative part of the research showed that there is no correlation between years of experience and the motivation of perioperative nurses in cardiac surgery departments for lifelong education, or between the highest level of education attained and their motivation for lifelong education. Despite this, the research had positive results. We found that all perioperative nurses in our research sample are sufficiently motivated for lifelong education. This thesis and its results can be valuable by newly employed perioperative nurses. They can learn basic information about the work of perioperative nurses in the cardiac surgery department and about opportunities for specialization or lifelong education. The section of lifelong education may also be supportive for all other nursing fields.
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Factors of discontent among nurses and their impact on care quality at a cardiac surgery department.
ERETOVÁ, Zuzana
Occupation of a general nurse belongs to demanding jobs in terms of professional preparation and performance. A nurse is expected to cope with professional activity, working with modern technology, administrative work, to bear the physical and mental load of her profession, to be able to influence and direct patients? feelings and behaviour and finally to be able to cope with professional as well as family problems she is faced to. All this is often dealt with in continuous operation on shift basis at various specialized workplaces. Questions how nurses working at a cardiac surgery department are satisfied or dissatisfied at their jobs, how the work experience length affects their satisfaction, whether possible discontent among nurses may affect quality of the nursing services provided by them and how the hospital management reduces the factors of discontent, became the subject of my thesis. The research was performed at the IKEM in Prague. Quantitative as well as qualitative research methods were used for data collection when mapping the problems in question. The quantitative part involved a questionnaire both, for general nurses working at the cardiac surgery department, aimed at investigation into the discontent factors involved in their occupation, and for the patients undertaking treatment at the cardiac surgery department, to examine their satisfaction with the nursing care. Analysis of the collected data was then performed. An interview with representatives of the hospital line, middle and top managements was the instrument of the qualitative research. It was focused on the question how they proceed in elimination or reduction the discontent factors. The following facts were found out by the quantitative research. Increased physical and mental load, non-cooperating patients and care about more patients at the same time, extensive administration related to patient care, insufficient remuneration, lack of communication from doctors and superiors, lack of auxiliary staff, projection of occupation to private life or the problem of sleeping after a night shift are the most frequent discontent factors. Despite the above negative factors nurses are satisfied with their jobs regardless the length of experience. The indentified factors of discontent do not affect quality of the care provided by the nurses. The qualitative research results show that personal talks, active interviews and direct communication from the staff are the most frequent methods the management uses to map staff satisfaction. The management representative is able to work herself on elimination or reduction of the discovered factors of discontent within her competences, which happens most often. She may also cooperate with the chief nurses or ward sisters. Unless she is able to solve a problem, it is passed to the authorized persons competent to deal with it (health care manager, social-legal department, HR department). The hospital director is also informed on the most serious cases. The management hardly ever cooperates with physicians on elimination or reduction of the discontent factors. The most important aspect of solving the problem of discontent factors is its subject, which affects the solution method, whether it is to be dealt with by an individual or the whole team. They inform the head physicians or the ward chief consultant on serious problems. The course of the problem solution is communicated to the employees by the ward sisters or chief nurses personally, orally.The goals of the thesis have been met, the set hypotheses have been refuted, and the research questions have been answered.
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