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Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence of bacterial gastroenteritis
HOVORKOVÁ, Martina
The main aim of this bachelor thesis is to learn the processing of rectal swabs and to become familiar with the issues of laboratory diagnostics with a focus on campylobacter and salmonella gastroenteritis. These bacteria are the most common causative agents of bacterial gastroenteritis in the world. Bacterial gastroenteritis more often affects paediatric patients, immunodeficient patients and newborns are at risk of a more severe course of infection. In the theoretical part, information about gastroenteritis, its symptoms, causative agents and treatment is described. In addition, Campylobacter spp. and Salmonella spp., their characteristics, occurrence, diagnosis and the diseases they cause are described in detail. In addition, the principles of the methods are explained with a description of the culture media. A short chapter on the COVID-19 pandemic is also included. The practical part describes the actual collection of the rectal swab, its transport and reception in the laboratory. Methods of culture of rectal swabs, latex and slide agglutination, microscopy of Campylobacter specimens, biochemical tests and the disc diffusion method for antibiotic susceptibility are also described. The results of the data obtained from the laboratory system of Unilabs k.s. České Budějovice laboratory in the period from January 2019 to December 2023 are statistically and graphically presented and then compared with the literature and other scientific articles in the discussion.
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