|
|
Nursing Care at a Standard Covid Unit from the Point of View of the Patient
BLAŽKOVÁ, Kateřina
This Bachelor thesis describes nursing care in a standard covid unit from a patient's perspective. The following research questions have been identified with regard to the thesis: 1. How do nursing care patients in a standard covid unit feel? 2. What needs do patients who have been hospitalized in a standard covid unit describe? 3. What information do patients lack from nurses related to Covid-19 disease during hospitalization in a standard covid unit? In the theoretical part, we deal with Covid-19 disease, the description of nursing care in the standard covid unit, the identification of changes in the needs of patients in this unit and the awareness of patients about Covid-19 disease. The practical part lectures research from covid units from hospitals of the district or county type. For the research part, a qualitative method was selected in the form of semi-structured interviews in which patients after covid-19 disease were interviewed. The data obtained was processed by the open-coding method using the pencil-paper technique. The results are divided into 3 categories. The first category deals with mapping of nursing care from the patient's perspective. It maps the regime at the covid unit, the nursing interventions, as well as the assessment of the stay by the patient. The second category describes meeting patients' needs. It outlines the patient's experience of having to be in isolation and the needs described by patients during hospitalization. The third category maps patients' awareness of the disease and provides a look at the information they lacked in relation to the disease. Based on the information gathered, it is possible to see how nursing care is carried out in patients in covid units, but also where there are gaps and room for improvement. The results can be applied in practice to improve care or serve as a source of information for nursing students.
|
|
|
Laboratory diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 at Strakonice Hospital in 2020/21
SOKOLOVÁ, Eliška
In December 2019, a new type of beta-coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 was discovered in China causing COVID-19. The gold standard of laboratory diagnostics is real-time RT-PCR. Antigen testing is another alternative for the direct detection of SARS-CoV-2. From January to February 2021, the reliability of antigen tests from Abbott was verified by real-time RT-PCR. Out of the 48 antigen-positive samples, only one patient was tested PCR negative. At the same time, 80 consecutive samples from symptomatic patients at Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. were examined by PCR, which were tested negative by the antigen tests. Among these samples, 16 were tested PCR positive. The statistics of PCR tests performed in the Central Laboratories of the Nemocnice Strakonice, a.s. in 2020/21 was elaborated. During this period, 78,222 samples were examined, of which 17,622 had a positive result. The most critical pandemic period was considered spring 2021, when all samples' positivity amounted to 45,8 %. An interesting fact was the high level of positivity in the category 60+. Contrary to the spring wave in 2021 - in autumn 2021, a high positivity was appeared in the category of children under 15 years old, who had been tested minimally until that time. Real-time RT-PCR is a time-consuming and costly method, which requires a qualified laboratory staff. On the contrary, antigen tests are a quick and easy alternative to direct detecting SARS-CoV-2. In the POCT mode, high-quality antigen tests are a reliable alternative, primarily for symptomatic individuals. Nevertheless, it is advised to confirm negative antigen results using PCR to prevent a false-negative antigen reaction.
|
|
|
Activity of Volunteers in Retirement Homes During the COVID-19 Pandemic
POSLUŠNÁ, Věra
Volunteering is an integral part of human life. Volunteering can be understood as a meaningful activity that helps the needy, is held of free will and without the right to financial reward. The social field is one of the most needed areas in which volunteers can work. This bachelor thesis deals with the activities of volunteers in retirement homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. The main goal is to analyze the performance of volunteering in retirement homes during the COVID-19 pandemic. A partial goal is a subsequent comparison of the experience of individual homes for the elderly with volunteering during a pandemic and to provide examples of good practice. The strategy of qualitative research was chosen for the research of this bachelor thesis. The data were collected by the method of questioning, which took place using the technique of semi-controlled interview. It was then evaluated by an open coding process, in a pencil-paper manner. Following the open coding process, categories were created, which were then divided into three areas. For greater clarity, a diagram was created from each category, which presents the given category. Based on the research, it was found that the classic volunteer activity, thanks to the Government regulation in the Czech Republic and special precantions of the Ministry of Health, did not take place at all. Only in the periods of liberalization of the previously mentioned regulations and precantions, which, however, were few, did some homes for the elderly return to classic volunteer activities. On the contrary, it is clear from the research that even during the COVID-19 pandemic, volunteers were actively involved and were beneficial for users and homes for the elderly.
|
|
|
The Epidemic of SARS-COV-2 and its Influence on the Social Services in the Southbohemian Region
BOUŠKOVÁ, Naděžda
This bachelor thesis deals with the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic and encroachments and changes, that the pandemic caused in the social services and which the workers in the social services had to face. The main aim of this thesis is to analyze these changes and their impact on the workers in the field of social services. To conduct such analysis, qualitative method of research using half-structured interviews was applied. All data collected during individual interviews were then assessed and divided into 9 categories. The conducted research proved, that the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic had two major impacts on the professional and private lives of the employees working in the social services. The workers had to deal with physically demanding situations, but especially with constant stress and permanent fear for the health of their own, their relatives and friends, and also of the recipients The main significance of this thesis lies especially in the fact, that the object of analysis was a social group taking care of the most vulnerable people in these unprecedented times. The outcomes of the thesis may contribute to further research in the field of stress load on the psyche of employees, especially long-lasting work and stress load may take its toll in the following weeks and months. The outcomes may also become a stimulus for employers in social services to prepare programmes to help the employees with physical and psychological regeneration.
|
|
|
The Social Functioning in Retirement Home during the Covid-19 Pandemic.
KREJČOVÁ, Kateřina
This bachelor thesis deals with social functioning in the retirement home during the Covid-19 pandemic. Terms age and ageing are described in the theoretical part. The issues of social functioning, Covid-19 disease and restrictions associated with the Covid-19 pandemic are also discussed. The practical part of this bachelor thesis includes processing and assessment of results of survey. The bachelor thesis has aspirations to characterize social functioning of clients of the retirement home during the Covid-19 pandemic. To achieve this goal the strategy of the semi-structured interview was chosen. The main research question is: How the social functioning of clients of the retirement home has been changed due to the Covid-19 pandemic? Interviewees were chosen according to given criteria. The additional interview with the head nurse, who assessed social functioning of clients of the retirement home, is enclosed to give the bachelor thesis higher plausibility. The Open Coding Method was chosen to assess gained data. The research shows that every client of the retirement home was somehow affected by the Covid-19 pandemic. How much social functioning of clients was influenced, depends on their personalities and abilities to cope with difficult life situations. This bachelor thesis can be used as methodical aid for social workers working with the elderly people or as informational material for public people. It also brings feedback for the retirement home, where was the research held.
|
|
|
Nutrition of primary school boys in 7th-9th grade in the Covid-19 pandemic during and after distance education
KVĚTOVÁ, Kristýna
This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of children's diet and the impact of distance education on their nutrition. The aim was to map the somatic development of boys in 7th-9th grade, to assess adherence to proper dietary recommendations, and to compare the diet during the Covid-19 pandemic with the diet after distance. The theoretical part deals with the energy needs of children and its components, the importance and need of macronutrients and the most important micronutrients for the children's group. It also discusses recommendations for children's nutrition, drinking regime and physical activity, issues related to children's diet, assessment of somatic development and last but not least the relation of the covid-19 pandemic to the topic. A total of 10 boys were involved in the research part of the work, with each boy provided a seven-day dietary record. A qualitative method using semi-structured interview was chosen to collect data. The interviews were then compiled into case reports along with measured anthropometric data, and the information from the weekly dietary record, including the average daily nutrient calculations made using software Nutriservis Professional and Kalorické tabulky, was assessed in the dietary results. The results showed that the majority of boys were at the higher percentiles with their BMI and weight measurements. During the distance education period, the informants experienced a concurrent increase in both BMI and weight percentiles, with half of them remaining unchanged in height percentile. An assessment of the individual dietary recommendations found that informants were generally not following any of the recommendations. On the positive side, consumption of sweet and salty treats was lower, but this was compensated for by sweetened beverages in half of the informants. During the distance education, boys showed a negative change in the groups of fruit and vegetables, dairy, sweet and salty snacks, and also a change in drinking regime.
|
|
|
Methods for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 virus
HELMICHOVÁ, Eva
This bachelor thesis deals with the study of SARS-CoV-2 virus diagnostics. It is an RNA coronavirus that causes COVID-19. It was discovered in late 2019 in China and then the disease spread around the world. This disease is manifested by severe cough, loss of taste and smell. In worse cases, it manifests as pneumonia.Diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 virus is performed using PCR assays, antigenic assays, and antibody assays. Examination with antigenic tests is intended for rapid screening for the presence of the virus. The test for the detection of antibodies is suitable for verifying the disease, or we find out the effectiveness of vaccination and resistance to it. These samples are obtained by swabbing the nasopharynx, mouth from saliva or blood. Sampling should be correct and thorough for SARS-CoV-2 virus analysis.The PCR method is considered to be the most reliable method for diagnosing SARS-CoV-2 virus. The method allows us to detect the virus on the basis of known sequences and, using suitable primers, the individual variants of the viruses are distinguished. Morphology, diagnostics of SARS-CoV-2 virus and PCR methodology with precise primer design for SARS-CoV-2 detection are presented in this work. Using software a comparison of SARS-CoV-2 genomes in a given mutated region and selected sites in which they differ from each other is performed.
|
|
|
Vliv pandemie Covidu-19 na pohybové aktivity u pacientů s roztroušenou sklerózou
BŘEZÍKOVÁ, Veronika
The topic of this bachelor's thesis is the effect of the Covid-19 pandemic on physical activities in patients with multiple sclerosis. The aim of this study was to describe how the emergency caused by the Covid-19 pandemic affected patients with multiple sclerosis. For this purpose, a questionnaire was used, which was provided to patiens with multiple sclerosis via social networks, especially Facebook, and via email communication. The results of this bachelor's thesis show that 52% of respondents were not affected by the physical activities of the Covidu-19 pandemic. In most patients, their physical fitness deteriorated or did not change during the Covid-19 pandemic, and only 8% improved their physical fitness. It also emerged that with each subsequent wave of the Covid-19 pandemic, the number of respondents who engaged in regular physical activity or exercise decreased more than before the Covid-19 pandemic. Almost half of the respondents (48%) stated that they do not go to regular physiotherapist therapies, so they could not notice any change here. Those who receive regular therapies stated in 98% that they did not notice any change in physiotherapy treatment. Only 2% discontinued therapy. This bachelor thesis can be used to acquaint the public with the disease multiple sclerosis. Also to acquaint the public with the related current situation of the Covid-19 pandemic and its impact on the physical activities of patients with multiple sclerosis.
|
|
|
Activities of the Police of the Czech Republic in times of emergency
FOUROVÁ, Miluše
The bachelor's thesis addresses the issues of the Police of the Czech Republic, its position within the Integrated Rescue System and its performance in the normal state and subsequently in the event of a state of emergency, which was declared in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic. The work is divided into two parts, the first part is theoretical and the second is practical. The theoretical part of the thesis is divided into several chapters and subchapters, while the theoretical part of the bachelor thesis characterizes the Integrated Rescue System, describes its activities in the event of an emergency and lists and describes its basic components, most of which is devoted to the Police of the Czech Republic. Regarding the Police of the Czech Republic, the theoretical part describes important aspects, such as the characteristics of this component, its composition or the performance of basic tasks. In connection with these tasks, the last part of the theoretical part contains the issue of the declared most important emergencies in the Czech Republic, which lists all the declared emergencies in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic and related measures within the Police of the Czech Republic. In the practical part, the research was carried out using a questionnaire survey, which was intended for members of the Police of the Czech Republic. The aim of the questionnaire was to find out whether the police of the Czech Republic managed the situation that arose in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic and whether this situation affected the performance of the service and the service of the performing police. The questionnaire survey was developed into graphs and pictures and the information obtained was interpreted and described in more detail in the discussion. The questionnaire survey showed that the Police of the Czech Republic, thanks to the police officers who are a solid base of this unit and approached the crisis situation in connection with the Covid-19 pandemic with great respect, managed to face the Covid-19 pandemic, both internally and personnel. to the tense atmosphere that prevailed among the public. Although the police perceived a certain concern, especially the recovery of their loved ones and lacked contact with other colleagues after the regime measures were adopted, they did not feel psychologically affected due to their personal preconditions on the basis of their recruitment and the new situation was handled with complete professionalism.
|
|
|
Selected aspects of the COVID-19 pandemic in healthcare professionals
POLAN, Martin
The diploma thesis focused on the question of what impact the COVID-19 disease pandemic had on healthcare workers. The theoretical part compares the available literature and provides the necessary information about the causative agent of this viral disease. Furthermore, stress, its causes, risk factors, manifestations and methods of its management are described. The biggest space here is devoted to the burnout syndrome. The aim of the research part was to find out to what extent burnout syndrome occurs in health workers and what factors influence it. The research was carried out in selected departments in the Hospital České Budějovice, a.s., specifically in the Internal Medicine Department, Anesthesiology-resuscitation Department, Emergency Department, Infectious Diseases Department and Department of Hospital Hygiene and Epidemiology. The necessary data were obtained in the form of quantitative research, through the standardized questionnaire "Maslach Burnout Inventory." These results were evaluated and statistically verified in order to confirm or refute the hypotheses. As a result, well over 50 % of healthcare workers experienced worsening symptoms of burnout during the pandemic. The connection between a certain factor and the presence of burnout syndrome was statistically proven only for the factor of village size, where people from villages with a population of up to 3,000 showed a lower rate of burnout than people from villages with a higher number of inhabitants.
|
guest ::
