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The public service and its conception before the reform of social system and after 01.01.2012.
SÝKORA, Martin
The public service is adjusted by Act. No. 111/2006 Col., on Assistance in Material Need since 2009. It was established as a tool for activation and social inclusion. The public service means mainly auxiliary works for public benefit and free of charge. It is intended for long-term unemployed persons dependent on the social system. There was a change of Lows No. 111/2006 Col., on Assistance in Material Need and Act No. 435/2004 Col., on Employment in 2012. The change of law included also the transfer of administration of social benefits from the municipal authorities (delegated and with extended power) to the regional branch of the Labour Office of Czech Republic. At the same time there was also a transfer of public service, which settings was significantly changed. In November 2012, the Constitutional Court annulled the obligation to perform public service by reason of the violation of the Charter of Fundamental Rights and Freedoms. Currently, the public service is voluntary. The aim of the thesis is to compare the conception of public service before the reform of social system and after 1st January 2012. The comparison is made on the basis of experience with the implementation of public service at the Municipal Office in Český Krumlov. The practical purpose of this thesis is both to evaluate whether the public service benefits and the assessment of the positive and negative aspects of public service before and after social reform and also to outline possible solutions for its further development. The first part states reasons why the public service was established. There is a description of its focus and comparison with general public service, community service and volunteer service there. Further there are listed the differences between the conception of the public service before and after the social reform until November 2012. Differences were taken into account in terms of legislative, organization and the way of affecting assistance in material need. The second part of this thesis discusses the implementation of public service at the Municipal office of Český Krumlov before and after the social reform. There are Statistically processed and used data obtained from the Department of Health and Social Affairs of the Municipal office of Český Krumlov there. These are data (acquired from practice) on persons performing public service. This section also contains an assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of public service from the perspective of the implementer as well as the worker on public service. It was concluded that the public service had been beneficial for the town of Český Krumlov and also had a social dimension. After evaluating the positive and negative aspects there are proposed major points of potential form of the public service, that combines the advantages of both previous variants and so it is outlined the possible variant of development of the public service.
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Social security and living standards of women on maternity and parental leave in the CR
JÍLKOVÁ, Lada
The work deals with the current system of social security - security of women on maternity and parental leave in the Czech Republic. Also examines the employment of women during maternity and parental leave in connection with social and living standards of families with children. This is a theoretical analysis of the social benefits guaranteed by the state and provided to women, in turn dependent families with young children, based on the conditions and possibilities of their implementation. Starting a family is a social event that is perceived by the positive. To support families with young children, the state spends some means and make sure the measures to a woman {--} a mother in the maternity and parenting to provide and protect. For this reason, a large part of this thesis focused on an overview of the social benefits associated exclusively with motherhood and parenting, both in terms of social policy, family, and in terms of labor law. Following this theme is part of the work and paid employment opportunities for women on maternity and parental leave. Are outlined ways and forms of employment of women and the reasons that women in this period led to in the period of maternity and parental leave, return back to work.
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Social problems of the citizens of "Holýšovsko" and their consideration according the Act on Assistance in Material Need
ŽÁKOVÁ, Jana
The subject matter of bachelor thesis is focused on social problems of the Holštýnsko region citizens and assessment of those problems according to the law on aid in material distress. In the theoretical part the basic aspects of social policy, poverty, poverty management and legal regulations of the issue are outlined. The objective of the thesis was to give an overview of the structure of aid in material distress recipients in the region and to identify the effectiveness as well as the use of activation measures of the Act No. 111/2006 Coll. towards applicants for aid in material distress. Both quantitative and qualitative research was used to achieve the stated objectives of this thesis. For data collection in the quantitative research the chosen method was questioning, the technique of guided interview with 51 recipients of aid in material distress. The responses were analyzed and presented in the thesis by using graphs and tables. Within the secondary data analysis I focused on the social status of respondents, their age, unemployment duration, the living allowance period and education of respondents. On the basis of the stated objectives 2 hypotheses were set up. Hypothesis 1 assumed that most recipients of aid in material distress have only primary education. This hypothesis was not confirmed. In the Holýšov region most people affected by material distress are people with secondary vocational education holding a vocational certificate. Hypothesis 2 assumed that the concept of public service has not brought the effects expected. This hypothesis was confirmed both by the result of interviewing the recipients of aid in material distress, and by the results obtained from interviews with representatives of local authorities. In the qualitative research the method of questioning was used, the half standardized interview with nine representatives of local authorities. Due to the research used the hypothesis was set up at the end of the research. Hypothesis 3: The rise of unemployment will make local representatives establish a public service institute. The results of the thesis can be used to increase the awareness of the public as well as of local representatives on activation instruments according to the law on aid in material distress and on possibilities for citizens to obtain aid in the case of insufficient incomes. They may also serve as a source of information about the problem of providing aid in material distress for the Municipal Authority Holýšov and the Regional Authority of the Plzeň Region.
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