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The evaluation of nutrition level in agriculture entrerprise
VÁVRA, Jakub
The purpose of the study was to evaluate feeding system at given farm, uncover any shortcomings and propose measures for their elimination. On the basis of data related to composition of diets fed to dairy cows nutrient intake was found. The obtained values were compared with recommended nutrient content reported in the literature. Information describing the feeding techniques used at the farm was obtained from the farm management. These findings were also compared to the recommendations of the literature. It was found that rations met nutritional demands as well as dietary needs of dairy cows at various stages of lactation and the dry period. The work revealed weaknesses in the feeding system used at the farm. It was found that all of dairy cows throughout the entire lactation were fed a single ration. Rations for dairy cows did not take into account the different needs at different stages of lactation. Likewise, different genetically determined performance of dairy cows was not taken into account. Based on these findings, actions were proposed to remove weaknesses. It was recommended to create at least two groups of cows according to milk yield achieved, which would reduce over-feeding cows with low milk production. This would reduce the consumption of an expensive concentrated feeds and thereby save the costs.
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The catering habits of the pupils between the ages of 12-15 in Trebon and surroundings
PLOC, Milan
In my Bachelor seminar work I am concerned with the theme of - The diet habits of the pupils at the age of 12 to 15 in the region of Třeboň. In the theoretical part there are characterised the terms connected with the nutrition. The individual chapters are dealt with the basic elements of the nutrition and its importance for human body. Then I mention the overweight, the obesity and the eating diorders, that can influence the health of children. My research targets the diet habits of the children. It consists of 3 days monitoring questionnaires of the childrens´s diet. The aim of my research is the detection of the nutritional values of the particular foods and the energetic profit of the children during the day.
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Evaluation of nutrition habits of nurses on ICU and ARW by NutriDan programme
EIGNEROVÁ, Anna
Nutrition and eating habits are one of the items of healthy lifestyle as well as mental and physical well-being. Eating should be performed on regular basis and all nutrition components have to be represented in proper proportion. The interrelation of sugars, fats (seba) and proteins is very important (55 - 60 % : 25 - 30 % : 10 - 15 %), sufficient protein ingestion (3-6 portions a day), fruit and vegetables (3 - 5 portions a day), dairy products (2 - 3 portions a day), meat and meat products (1 - 2 portions a day). Drinking liquids should be sufficient and should be kept within the range of about 30ml per 1 kg of our body weight, and of course the drinking liquids is important integral part of our nutrition. The aim of this work has been to evaluate and assess quality of eating habits of nurses working at Intensive Care Units (ICU) and Anaesthesiological Resuscitation Ward (ARW) according to NutriDan programme. In order to accomplish this aim the following four hypotheses have been postulated: H 1 The nurses working at ICU and ARW eat their meals on regular basis. H 2 The nurses working at ICU and ARW have their menus containing fruit and vegetables with ratio in accordance with recommended quantities for daily consumption (4 x 100 g). H 3 The consumption of liquids at work is lower than that out of work (at home). H 4 The interrelation of sugar, fat and proteins in nurse menus is in harmony with individual estimate of energy expenditure. Research has been outlined and drawn up as quantitative one and anonymous questionnaire (answer sheet) has been used containing 3 parts (general pat, special part and the menu mentioned above applied in time period of 24 hours). One hundred and four questionnaires (104) have been distributed in all while fifty-two (52) pieces of which have been given to nurses working at Anaesthesiological Resuscitation Ward and fifty-two (52) pieces of the questionnaire have been given to nurses working at Intensive Care Units.The aforementioned questionnaires have been distributed in three hospitals and seventy-three (73) have been received for our evaluation, of which forty-three (43) from nurses working at Anaesthesiological Resuscitation Ward and thirty (30) from nurses working at Intensive Care Units. For research data processing we have applied two programs: Microsoft Excel program and NutriDan program; the results obtained have been processed so as to be presented as graphs. The aim of the work has been fulfilled and the hypotheses 1, 2 and 4 se have been invalidated i.e. disconfirmed whereas the hypothesis 3 has been confirmed. The nurses working at Intensive Care Units and Anaesthesiological Resuscitation Ward do not eat their meals on regular basis, they often have lower energy taking, moreover they do not have correct interrelation of sugar, fat and proteins. The aforementioned nurses show lower and irregular consumption of fruit and vegetables, meat and dairy products and dietary fibre. Consumption of liquids is sufficient both at work and at home. The management of hospitals and wards as well will be made familiar with the results of this bachelor's degree diploma work i.e. those where the research has been carried out. This work can be used as a source material for lectures and enlightenment material in order to change the attitude of nurses of intensive care to eating habits of theirs.
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Evaluation of ditary habits of nurses of standard wards by NutriDan.
KADLECOVÁ, Lenka
Abstract The bachelor thesis Evaluation of dietary habits of nurses of standard wards by NutriDan program is dividend into theoretical and practical parts. The theoretical part focuses on personality of a nurse, her education and conditions for performance of her work. Eating habits are assessed among nurses at standard wards. Furthermore, it is focused on nutrition which is important not only for nurses but for all of us. There are all the meal components such as sugars, fats and proteins delat with. They are followed by vitamins, minerals and trace elements and of course drinking regime, which is also important. The first aim of this thesis was to investigace how nurses of standard wards eat. The socond objective was to determine whether there is any diference in the diet, hen nurses are at home or while at work. The following hypotheses were stated to meet these aims: H1 Nurses at standard wards eat irregulary at work. H2 More than a half of the nurses of standard wards adhere to heatlthy diet principles in their free time. H3 Nurses know how to eat properly. There was a method of quantitative research ? an anonymus questionnaire used in the research. The questionnaire contained 18 questions, 10 questions were closed, 4 were half-open and the remaining were supplementary. The questinnaire also included two record sheets, where nurses recorded thein 24-hour diet including the liquids they drank. One answer sheet was for the days hen the nurses were at work and the second one when they were off and were at home. It was possible to use 102 questionnaires and records for the research. The records were then evaluated in the NutriDan programe. The research results show that the energy supply of a nurse at work is lower than its expenditure. They also show that Nurses generally know how to eat properly and thein BMI values are mostly balanced. Most nurses know that their diets vary during their free time and hen they are at work but they try to eat regulary and according to the principles of good nutrition at home. Therefore, there are noticeable differences in their diet and results of NutriDan on the diet inegredients show the same except for proteins and fiber. These nutritional components are neglected at home and at work too. They regularly have breakfast and more than a half of them eat regulary. The regulary eat fruits and dairy products. The diet of nurses is less balanced and less nutritious when they are at work. Nurses are eating irregulary and inadequately at work. Meal at working time is mostly represented by dairy products, fruits, vegetables and food rich in cholesterol and lipids. In practice, the results of the research could be provided to nurses at wards, so as they learn about the mistakes they make in their diets, about their eating habits in general so as they could change or modify their diets. The results could also be publishied in professional journals or articles dealing with this problem.
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Factors determining soil respiration rate in herbaceous wetland ecosystem
STARÁ, Alžběta
Annotation: Soil respiration represents an important flow of CO2 between atmosphere and soil. Carbon bounded in the process of photosynthesis may be fixed in soil, but also may be released back to atmosphere in the form of CO2. An accurate evaluation of global carbon balance is a key for the estimation of future development of atmospheric concentration of CO2 and prediction of climate changes. The soil respiration of selected wetland biotopes with graminoid vegetation was studied in relation to concentration of soil carbon, nutrient availability, soil moisture and soil temperature during the vegetation season 2008. The observed wetlands included a locality located near the village of Hamr with mineral soil and the nature reserve Záblatské meadows with organic soil. Soil respiration was measured as CO2 release from soil with the use of the equipment LiCor 6400 with soil chamber. The influence of fertilizer application on CO2 release was not proved for either locality. A relationship between soil respiration and soil moisture was found on Záblatské meadows, where the CO2 release declined with increasing soil moisture.
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