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Problematika výživy jalovic
RUHSAMOVÁ, Kristýna
The thesis gives an overview of the nutrition of calves and heifers. The thesis is focused mostly on the dairy breeds of cattle and contains recommendations about the correct technology of rearing of calves and heifers, composition of rations, feeding in individual periods with regard to the anatomical-morphological structure of the individual organs of an individual which changes with age. The last chapter is made up of the problematic of health. Heifers are a category of cattle from 6 months to calving. It therefore follows the plant nutrition of calves and is exclusively based on plant feeds. Suitable feed ration in necessary for good health which is a prerequisite for high production of good-quality product and ensuring longevity of dairy cows. The basic requirement for feed ration is to match the growth intensity set by the breeding goal. The correct rearing of heifers is an important factor for high production and correct reproduction.
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Hmyzí anti-stresové reakce vůči přírodním toxinům
FEDOR, Tereza
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to characterize the effect of Bt (Bacillus thuringiensis) toxin on adipokinetic hormone (AKH) levels in the brain, on the activity of digestive enzymes (lipases, proteases, glucosideases, amylases) in the midgut and on nutrient levels (lipids, proteins, glycides) in the haemolymph of the firebug (Pyrrhocoris apterus). Bt toxin was applied by injection to the adult males 24 hours before monitoring of the above mentioned physiological characteristics. The results showed that Bt toxin reduced AKH level in the brain, modulated level of nutrients in haemolymph, but did not change activity of digestive enzymes in the midgut.
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Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1
ŠUBOVÁ, Aneta
This bachelor's thesis I focuses on the topic of Dietary habits of children from age 6 to 12 suffering from diabetes mellitus type 1. It is based around this group of children because they will be living with diabetes their whole life and as they are getting more independent at this age, it is necessary to teach them as much as possible. The theoretical part of this thesis includes the description of diabetes mellitus itself. Then it focuses on type 1 diabetes only because this type occurs amongst children the most. The theoretical part then contains information about how to prevent type 1 diabetes, how to diagnose it, what complications can occur and possible treatments. There is also an in-depth description of proper eating habits of people suffering from this disease. The end of the theoretical part is dedicated to characterization of 'young school age', dieting of young children and school catering. Aims of this bachelor's thesis were: to map eating habits of children with diabetes mellitus type 1, to compare them to eating habits of healthy children and to map physical activity of children suffering from diabetes. The research involved 10 children - half of them suffering from type 1 diabetes, the other half were healthy children. Data were obtained in an interview, through a survey and by listing the food intake. It appears that children suffering from type 1 diabetes tend to have more variety in their diet, they consume some kind of food (e.g. vegetables and fruit) more often and they also have higher fiber intake than healthy children. Analysing the food intake revealed lower average intake of fats and energy amongst children who suffer from diabetes. The amount of fats consumed by children with diabetes corresponded with recommendations. But, according to recommendations, energy intake was not correct in either one of these groups of children.
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Veganism and its possible impact on organism
MAZÁNKOVÁ, Andrea
This thesis is called Veganism and its Possible Impact on the Organism. People who opt for a vegan diet should have extensive knowledge of this diet, as ignorace could bring many health risks. In the theoretical part of my work, I deal with the concept of veganism, what a vegan diet entails, possible reasons for choosing this type of diet, and the characteristics of the food vegans consume. I then focus in more detail on nutrients that do not occur in the vegan diet, or they occur in significantly smaller amounts, and also where to find them in the diet. I deal with their recommended daily intake and describe the consequences of a deficiency of some of the nutrients. In the practical part of the thesis I set two goals, the first of which was to map the respondents' knowledge of potentially hazardous nutrients in the vegan diet, and the second goal was to evaluate whether the vegan diets of selected respondents meet their energy and nutritional needs. To complete the first goal, I used my questionnaire, which was filled out by 73 people over the age of 15 following a vegan diet. To meet the second goal, I randomly selected eight respondents from the questionnaire who recorded their diet for seven days for my research. Subsequently, I processed their daily menus in the Nutriservis Profi program and compared the resulting values of energy and macronutrients with their recommended daily intake. According to the results, respondents have certain knowledge of the vegan diet, but within the individual questions there are also some wrong answers. On average, the energy intake of selected respondents was lower than their recommendations. Furthermore, the composition of the diet did not match the daily recommendations, average protein values were higher in contrast to fast and carbohydrates, which were significantly lower.
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Základní aspekty výživy dojnic v průběhu laktace
KAZDA, Miloslav
This bachelor's thesis deals with the nutrition of dairy cows during lactation. There is characterized feeding of dairy cows in the whole meantime. Work contains of recommended feed rations with optimum amount nutrients during phases of lactacion. A brief description is also given to the nutrients, feeds and diseases caused by incorrect nutrition.
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Vliv přírodních toxinů na včelu medonosnou
KAINZOVÁ, Klára
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to describe the effect of honeybee venom on the activity of digestive enzymes (amylases, proteases, lipases), AKHs production in CNS, and level of nutrients (lipids, proteins, glycides) and vitellogenin in haemolymph of the honeybee Apis mellifera workers. Crude venom was applied into the honeybee body 24 hours before determination of the above mentioned characteristics. Results showed that the bee venom reduced the AKH level in CNS, increased activity of digestive enzymes in gut, and increased level of vitellogenin in haemolymph. Effect of the venom on nutrient level in haemolymph was variable - level of lipids and carbohydrates was enhanced, while level of proteins reduced.
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Výživa a krmení sportovních koní
JANOUŠEK HONESOVÁ, Simona
This bachelor thesis' elaboration literary part is focused on the horse digestive system anatomy and physiology, basic nutrients such as proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, water, vitamins and mineral substances. It analyse basic types of feedstuffs used in horse nutrition and feeding principles and technologies of sport horse feeding. The analysis is done on group of 5 sport horses focused on showjumping. Composition and energy value of feed ration, feeding technology and energy needed for training are evaluated at the end.
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Sezónní dynamika bičíkatých řas v různých typech rybníků
STAŘÍKOVÁ, Ester
The research was conducted in the surroundings of Toužim town. Samples of plankton and metaphyton were collected from 10 fishponds over the year 2020, samples were taken in spring, summer, autumn, and winter. Various environmental variables were measured such as temperature, conductivity, pH, transparency, and nutrient content. The specimens were identified and relative abundance was assessed and later used for counting environmental indexes. The main focus was on flagellated algae and their seasonal changes in composition among other alga were compared. All the environmental data together with species data were statistically analyzed.
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Hydrochemical characteristics of selected fishponds in the current conditions in relation to the basin management.
PERGLOVÁ, Veronika
Fishponds and their ecosystems perform a number of important functions. Except to their economic importance, ponds contribute to the formation of the landscape, the local climate, increase biodiversity and affect the retention of water and its quality. Rod Pond is in a protected nature reserve, and therefore it is in a modified economic regime, compared to other ponds in the Třeboň region. Due to the limitations of the semi-intensive economic farming system in recent years, the pond and its shores are an important home for waterfowl, amphibians and other organisms. Rod Pond is also very importance in the retention and conversion of various forms of phosphorus and nitrogen, thereby it reduce eutrophication and it contributes to improvement of the water quality. In this work was evaluated the seasonal (2019) and long-term development (se-lected years in the period from 1992 to 2019) of physicochemical indicators of water quality in the Rod pond in relation to fisheries management and river basins. It was evaluated impact of the water chemistry in depend on the sampling profile on this fishpond Rod, including the analysis of sediments from these various sampling locali-ties. Concentrations of the main nutrients of the sediments were compared with the analysis of the sediment from 2015, which showed that the sediment is still increas-ing the concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus. Overall, the fishpond Rod shows itself like dynamic ecosystem. Despite the above-mentioned precautions in the fish management, fishpond is still hypertrophy, although it shows much lower levels of total phosphorus and chloro-phyll than it flows from the fishpond Naděje. To improve the quality of water in the fishpond and in the whole catchment area, it is important to limit the high inputs of nutrients into catchments basin and to reduce its own internal nutrient load by using the method of differentiated removal of part of the sediment.
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Výživa dojnic v průběhu laktace
FALTUSOVÁ, Tereza
This bachelor's thesis deals with the nutrition of dairy cows during lactation. A brief description is also given to the physiology and morphology of the digestive system of ruminants. It characterizes phase nutrition, requirements for nutrients and energy needs for individual periods of phase nutrition, including the need for minerals and vitamins. The work also includes the basic characteristics and the need for individual components in nutrition and subsequently any possible disorders caused by their deficiency or improper nutrition.
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