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Chov a vývoj plemene prasat české bílé ušlechtilé
JÁRKOVÁ, Eliška
The aim of this bachelor thesis was to analyse the development of performance traits of the breed Czech Large White in the period from the year 2008 to the year 2020. In nucleus farms the number of sows decreased from 1664 to 1174 (by 29,4%). Certain numbers increased, specifically the number of all born piglets increased to 14,9 piglets (by 2 pcs), the number of live-born piglets increased to 13,5 piglets (by 1,3 pcs) and the number of weaned piglets increased to 12,1 piglets (by 1,2 pcs). The litter weight at 21th day increased to 70,0 kg (by 6,4 kg) and the farrowing interval decreased to 150,0 days (by 10,5 days). The average daily gain from birth of young boars increased to 754 g (by 108 g) and the average daily gain from birth of gilts increased to 664 g (by 21 g). The average daily gain in the field test of young boars improved to 1229 g (by 216 g) and the average daily gain in the field test of gilts increased to 1059 g (by 67 g). The average backfat thickness of young boars was reduced to 5,6 mm (by 1,7mm) and the average backfat thickness of gilts decreased to 6,1mm (by 0,6 mm).
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Analýza reprodukčních a produkčních vlastností ve dvou vybraných chovech prasat
BEDNÁŘOVÁ, Kristýna
The aim of the diploma thesis was to analyse reproductive and productive performance of sows at two sow farms evaluated 432 litters at farm A and 321 litters at farm B. Better reproduction results were achieved at farm A. In 2019 the difference between farm A and Farm B was 2.3 pcs in number of all born piglets (16.3, resp. 14.0 pcs; p < 0.05), 2.5 pcs in live-born piglets (14.7, resp. 12.2 pcs; p < 0.05) and 1.7 pcs in weaned piglets (12.9, resp. 11.2 pcs; p < 0.05). In 2020, the difference between farm A and farm B was in the number of all born piglets 2.6 pieces (17.2, resp. 14.6 pcs; p < 0.05), live-born piglets also 2.6 pcs (14.2 resp. 12.0 pcs; p < 0.05). The farrowing interval was 149,3 days in 2019 and 151,2 days in 2020 at farm A. The farrowing interval was 161,8 days in 2019 and 159,4 days in 2020 at farm B. The number of teats was monitored at 6 584 sows at farm A and 4 210 of sows at farm B. The total number of 16 teats was at 12.8% sows at farm A and 18.2% of sows at farm B. Productive performance in the field test was evaluated at 304 gilts (farm A) and in 394 gilts (farm B). In 2019, the average daily gain in field test at farm A was 36.5 g higher than at farm B (998.1, resp. 961.6 g; p < 0.05). In 2020, the average daily gain in field test at farm A was 46.5 g higher than at farm B (985.7, resp. 939.2 g; p < 0.05).In 2019, the average backfat thickness at farm A was 0.1 mm higher than at farm B (6.6, resp. 6.5 mm). In 2020, the average backfat thickness at farm A was 0.1 mm lower than at farm B (6.8, resp. 6.9 mm). In 2019, the lean meat content at farm A was 0.3% lower than at farm B (59.1, resp. 59.4%; p < 0,5). In 2020, the lean meat contentat farm A and at farm B was the same 58,5%.
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Chov prasat plemene bílé ušlechtilé v České republice
ROHÁČEK, Daniel
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the results that have been provided by the Czech Association of Pig Breeders regarding productivity of Czech Large White breed. For the ob-served period of 1999-2017, the intention was to compile the tables that would summarize the number of litters, number of born piglets in one litter (all vs. live born), number of piglets sur-viving 21 days, weight of piglets after 21 days, and average time between 2 litters. The source materials and the used literature clearly indicate that the swine production in the Czech Republic is shrinking. Swine breeders are closing their production due to instable price of pork meat. The number of sows decreased by 177 755 between 1999 and 2017. As a con-sequence, the number of litters declined as well. On the other hand, this impact is compensa-ted by permanently shortening time distance between two consecutive litters, which currently stands at 156 days. This logically results to increasing number of litters per sow, now amoun-ting to 2.4 per year. Effective breeding also leads to increasing number of piglets in one litter. In 2017, one sow brought in average 14.8 piglets in a litter, of which 13.4 live born. Also the number of successfully bred piglets is growing thanks to improving technologies and better trained pers onnel, having reached 11.7 piglets per litter in 2017. Sows of Czech Large White breed deliver increasing lactescence, as the weight of a litter after 21 days grew in the obser-ved period by 13.4 kg to 69.1 kg. In the next part of the thesis, analysis is made for field tests and results of the unified test, both supplemented by tables and charts. For the observed period, the goal also was to evaluate the average daily weight gain, the percentage share of muscle mass, and the average thickness of saddle fat in mm of both sows and boars. It was found out that the Czech Large White breed had an excellent meat utilization. The share of lean muscle is increasing continuously - in 2017 it reached 63.6 % for boars and 63 % for sows. The vast majority of supplied pigs was classified into the highest-quality categories. The final part of the thesis contains the list of farms that were certified for breeding the Czech Large White breed in 1999 - 2017. The number of such farms was growing until it rea-ched 24 in 2001 and 2002. However, after subsequent decline there was only 6 such farms in 2017.
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