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Vliv tělesné kondice na kvalitu reprodukce a mléčnou užitkovost krav
BRŮŽKOVÁ, Monika
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the data about body condition of cows and assess the relationship between changes of health status of the mammary gland, milk production and quality of cow´s milk. The monitoring took place in a selected company from October 2015 to September 2016 with the Czech spotted cattle. The body condition scoring was monitored within the herd, with the monthly evaluation of data, during the milking in the morning, together with the production performance control. The data values, received out of production performance control, were used for milk production performance (amount of milked milk, % fat, % protein, % lactose, SCC). Then the data about reproduction of the monitored herd were used, so as the order of lactation, date of the last calving and age. Total of 482 cows were monitored. During evaluation of the condition score, the average level of cows body condition was detected with value of 2, 18. Minimal body condition, during the monitored period, was 1.25, the maximum was 3.75. Correlation analysis of the relationship between the form and amount of the milked milk showed a negative correlation (-0.21). Furthermore the quality of milk was monitored. The amount of fat in milk, within the monitored herd, was 4.16% and 3.63% of protein. The fat was found to be the component, which the cow´s form had the effect on, with value: r = 0.14. The most affected component by the form was protein (0.28). A slight influence of pregnancy with Rf value = 0.06 arose too. Next evaluated indicator of milk quality was somatic cell count (SSC). The influence of the form, on SSC, was moderately significant (-0.05). The average somatic cell count, during the monitored period, was 287.75 thousand per milliliter. The prolificacy within the herd appears to be inconvenient. Within the population of the herd, the herd showed to be better at pregnancy rate after the first insemination (46.7%), however after all inseminations it proved to be weaker (44%). Subsequently the effect of three factors was evaluated: the day of pregnancy, the day of calving and the age in days at form. For dairy cows, at first lactation, there was found one significant influence the age, with the value of the correlation coefficient 0.23, while the cows at higher lactation showed to be influenced by all three of these factors. The dependence between the pregnancy day and the BCS is expressed as a negative (-0.06) but very weak. Higher absolute value of the correlation coefficient was observed between the age, in days, and BCS (-0.14). BCS value was directly proportional to days, since calving (0.16). This thesis was carried out with the support of the project Gaju 019/2016 / Z Nutrition and breeding technology as a way to animal welfare and the product quality.
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Analysis of reproduction and milk yield of dairy cattle
STEJSKAL, Petr
The diploma thesis is focused on reproduction and milk yield of a herd of Czech Fleckvieh and Red Holstein cattle on Velká Chyška farm. Milk yield together with the reproduction makes a basement of every breeding and its analysing is very useful for the breeder. The aim of the thesis was to split the herd according to the lactation into four groups (1, 2, 3, 4 and more lactations) and according to the percentage of blood of Czech Fleckvieh and Red Holstein cattle into three groups (C1- C 75-100 %, C2- C 51-74 % and R- R 51-100 %). To observe the indicators of milk yield and especially to observe yield in standardized lactation, index of persistence of the lactation line and whole-life yield of these cows. Next, to focus on the reproductive indicators: the insemination interval, the service period and the interval itself. Gathered information was recorded into tables and then statistically evaluated. Also, all groups were mutually compared. Needed information was gathered from GEA Dairy plan program and the milk cow cards. Milk cows, which started the lactation in period from 10. 10. 2014 to 30. 2. 2015, were included into the analyzed group. Generally, 155 pieces of livestock participated here. The milk yield indicators were evaluated as excellent. The groups of cows C1 and C2 cows with dominant percentage of blood of Czech Fleckvieh breed, showed significantly better-than-average results when compared with the yield check. The group with dominant percentage of blood of Red Holstein breed (R) exceeded the results from the yield check of the Czech republic as well, but not as in such extent as in case of C1 and C2 groups. In comparison of the groups together, no statistically important results were found. Statistically, only influence of lactation order to the yield in standardized lactation and also influence of lactation order to the index of persistence of lactation line was proved. Reproductive indicators were different in comparison from the yield; they were on very low levels. The service period and the period itself were evaluated as unsatisfactory in all groups and a problem with reproductive management was proved. In comparison of the groups together, no statistically important differences were found as well. Based on the found results and their analysis, conclusions for the breeding practice came about.
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The analyse of cattle breeding in an enterprise - case study
HORA, Ondřej
This work deals with an analysis of breeding cattle in the agricultural cooperative Agra Březnice u Bechyně. Data on milk production and reproduction was obtained from records of performance tests and livestock records. The results of performance and reproduction in the years 2010 to 2012 shows that the monitored breeding achieved when compared to the average population of Czech Pied cattle bred in the Czech Republic, above-average values. The efficiency of milk production in the reporting period increased by an average of 394 kg. Milk composition is at the population level. The fat content was in the period, on average, 0.02% lower and the protein content was about 0.01% lower than the values of the population in the Czech Republic. The reproduction of purebred breeding is used in a closed herd turnover. The reproductive performance achieves significantly less value than the population average length of service period. The other reproductive indicators, with the exception of insemination index reached in the period better values than the average of these values achieved in the Czech Republic. The results showed that the most common reason for withdrawal from dairy herds are problems with disease of the legs and udder disease. These problems need to be addressed in the short term better approach to monitoring and prevention in the long term appears to be the most important completion of a new barn. The breeding value of bulls used in reproduction was satisfactory level.
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Analysis of Czech pied cattle milk performance and fertility.
NÁVARA VOLFOVÁ, Kateřina
The main goal of all milk cattle breeders is herd making profit {--} the herd with good reproduction and consequent high production performance. Such a goal can only be reached if the herd is of quality genetic base. Cow{\crq}s milk performance is one of important factors influencing final economic results of milk production. The aim of this Diploma work was to examine lactation course and level as well as reproduction of high-performance Czech pied diary cows with regards to their genetic base. The diary cows (190 pieces) on lactation within 27th March 2008 {--} 13th June 2008 were examined. The examined cows were divided into three groups based on number of their lactation. These groups with cows on 1st, 2nd, 3rd lactation were further divided with regards to their genetic base into herd groups registered as C1 and C2. The sub-herd group C100 was isolated from C1 herd group. To each lactation group, 2{--}3 bulls were assigned based on the highest number of daughters in specific lactation group. Minimum criterion for bull assignment to lactation group was set on at least 5 daughters in the group. Reproduction performance was examined in these groups. The milk performance was evaluated based on 305 days usage, lactation curve persistence index and the lactation curve course in individual groups. The herd-group C2 with highest genetic base of diary breed proved the best results in all lactation groups with regards to reproductive performance. The best results were reached on 3rd lactation. The link between genetic base and reproduction performance of Czech pied cattle was not proved. Neither the link between genetic base and milk performance was proved. The influence of lactation number on most of examined factors was proved. The father{\crq}s influence on reproduction or milk performance was not clearly proved. However, the results may be distorted for lack of diary cows in groups examined under this criterion. Finally, the direct link between reproductive and milk performance was also not clearly proved. To summarize our results, we can state that the diary cows in examined herd were above the milk performance average of Czech pied cattle bred in Czech Republic. At the same time, the reproduction performance was just on average of Czech Republic.
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