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Optimizing of weed control in Brassica vegetables
Ondra, Michal ; Jursík, Miroslav (advisor) ; Václav, Václav (referee)
Small plot field experiment carried out in 2015 on Demonstration and experimental field of Czech University of Life Science in Prague. Objective of the experiment was get new knowledge of efficiency and selectivity of selected herbicides in kohlrabi. Main objective of the experiment was described of influence of irrigation and use of adjuvant on efficiency and selectivity of herbicides. The kohlrabi was growed from transplant. Herbicides were applicated five days after transplanting. Herbicides were applicated in few variant: separately, with adjuvant, two level of irrigation (basic irrigation 15 mm / intensive irrigation 65 mm). During growing season rained 70 mm. Efficiency and selectivity of herbicides was assessed by estimation method using a percentage scale from 0 to 100 %. Efficiency of herbicides was assessed on weeds: Thlaspi arvense, Chenopodium album and Solanum nigrum. Next objectives were: yield of above ground biomass and market tubers, weight of roots, contain of vitamin C, glucosinolates and herbicide residues in tuber.
Efficiency of herbicide Stomp 400 SC was significantly higher than efficacy of Butisan 400 SC on Thlaspi arvense and Chenopodium album. Intensive irrigation caused higher efficiency. On the other side tank mix of herbicides and combination herbicides with adjuvant caused insignificantly higher efficiency. Butisan 400 SC had the highest effectivity on Solanum nigrum compared to efficacy of herbicide, Stomp 400, but efficiency efficacy of herbicide Stomp 400 SC was sufficient.
Stomp 400 SC demaged kohlrabi more than Butisan 400 SC, especially on plots with intensive irrigation. Herbicide Stomp 400 SC had negative influence on roots. On plots treated by herbicide Stomp 400 SC was showed lower weight of roots about 56 % compared to hand-weeding plots.
Kohlrabi on plots treated Stomp 400 SC with intensive irrigation produced not market weight of tuber (less than 200 g/plant) in harvest time. From these reason, the harvest time must have been put off one week. Residues of metazachlor (Butisan 400 SC) were not detected in tuber. Residue of pendimethalin (Stomp 400 SC) was found on every plots treated by herbicide Stomp 400 SC. Found concentration of pendimethalin was not higher than maximal residue limit (0,05 mg/kg). The highest concentration of vitamin C and glucosinolates was found in tuber damaged by tank mix combination of Butisan 400 SC + Stomp 400 SC. On the other side the lowest concentration of vitamin C and glucosinolates was found in tuber from hand weeding plots, but differences among treatments were not significantly.
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Assessment of the effectiveness of selected herbicides on weeds in crops of spring wheat
KAŠÍK, Ladislav
This thesis focuses on assessing the effectiveness of selected herbicides for spring wheat protection against most occurring dicotyledonous weeds. To verify the effectiveness of selected herbicides was small plot trial on the Farm Kašík, Blanné . The most frequent weeds were (Atriplex patula L., Capsella bursa - pastoris L., Stellaria media L., Thlaspi arvense L. and Tripleurospermum inodorum L.). In an attempt were applied four herbicides (MUSTANG FORTE, Sekator OD, Basagran Super , tank mix glean 75 WG + Dicopur M 750) at two different doses (the minimum and maximum doses recommended by the manufacturers). Effectiveness were evaluated in four measurements with the percentage of subjective estimation methods .
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Verification of the effect of chosen herbicides on Weeds occuring in the cultivation of spring barley
KAMEŠ, Josef
This work is focused on verification of the effect of chosen herbicides on Weeds occuring in sprouts of spring barley which i sone of the main crops grown in the territory of the Czech Republic. Lately, herbicides have influenc the Šeld of spring barley. So as to verify the herbicide efficiency there was founded a small parcel o fland test where there was assessed the efficiency of postmergent herbicides on Leeds which occurred in all parcels and during all the observation. The efficiency was observed on four measurements and it was recorded in percentage by Subjective Estimation Methods. The chosen postmergent herbicides took a very good effect on singl Leeds. As the best effective herbicide could be, hawevr, indicated Sekator OD which operand on all the Leeds the same way as the Catalogue of Preparation for Plant Protection 2012 states. Out of the results of efficiencies and overalobservations of tested area it can be stated that despote good preventative measures the protection of spring barley can not dispense with higt quality treatment with verified herbicides.
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The methods of regulation the Elytrigia repens (L.) Desv. on arable land
KOCEK, Václav
Weed infestation of the arable land by persistent weeds is serious problem today. Very dangerous species occuring in all crops, not just only on the arable land, is "Elytrigia repens". It's spread is connected with decrease the level of tillage and with reduction of agrotechnical measures. The target of my thesis is to broadening of knowledges and to suggest other possible solutions of regulation of the occurrence of "Elytrigia repens". SO we did an herbicidal attempt at "Triticum aestivum", which was focused on chemical regulation of this weed. There were used three herbicidal products in different variants. Using of herbicidal products reduces the occurrence of weed species.
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