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Air quality monitoring in areas with high traffic load
Ličbinský, Roman ; Huzlík, Jiří ; Hegrová, Jitka
Emissions of pollutants are one of the most serious problems of transportation, particularly as a result of a significant risk to human health. The causes of emissions of pollutants to ambient air are the exhaust gases generated by the combustion of fuel in motor vehicles. They are complex mixtures containing hundreds of chemical substances at different concentrations contributing to long-term warming of the atmosphere, the so-called "greenhouse effect" or often with toxic, mutagenic and carcinogenic properties for humans. The presented methodology was developed within project TE01020168 - Center for effective and sustainable transport infrastructure (CESTI) with the financial support of the Technological Agency of the Czech Republic within the Competence Centres Programme. Its aim is to unify the procedures for the implementation and evaluation of air quality monitoring in order to provide objective information on the actual status and development of air quality in areas with intensive transport. It summarizes the legislatively defined requirements for air quality monitoring and at the same time defines the pollutants whose very important source is transport and which should be monitored when assessing the impact of transport on air quality: nitrogen dioxide, (nano)particles, benzene, or platinum group elements and benzo[a]pyrene. The methodology can be used by the Ministry of Transport, road owners or their managers (ŘSD, regions and municipalities) as an effective tool for controlling both long-term monitoring and indicative measurements of air quality in the vicinity of roadways. At the same time, it will find application to metering processors and organizations providing their own air quality measurement to provide a standardized procedure to ensure a precise air quality assessment based on real data. The methodology will also help to deepen the knowledge of the staff of all the mentioned institutions and provide a standardized procedure for which, for example, contracting authorities may refer to public procurement.
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