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Erich Kästner - Idealist or school-master? Analysis of the didactic concepts in three his pieces
Koťová, Andrea ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Berglová, Eva (referee)
This graduate thesis is about Erich Kästner, a journalist, an author of scripts and an outstanding writer of the twentieth century, who became famous as an author of children's books and the whole work is divided into two parts. The first part is focused mainly theoretically and it summarizes the Kästner's output from the beginning to the sixties. The work is gradually more aimed at his works for children and at the characterization of a pedagogical concept, which comes from his works. In his childhood Kästner wanted to become a teacher, but he abandoned the dream. In spite of it he considered himself to be a pedagogue, a moralist and an educator of the new generation. It set up discussions by teachers, who mostly considered him to be a dreamer with unachievable ideals. From this contradiction with the personality of Erich Kästner gains this work mainly in the second part, which looks for an answer via his three children's works (Pünktchen und Anton, Konferenz der Tiere, Als ich ein kleiner Junge war), if Kästner was a practical pedagogue, if his pedagogical concepts included in this books were put into effect or if it can be put into effect in today's world, if children or adults understood point of the books or if his efforts for an better, more moral and more righteous access of an individual to other...
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Christian view of the world in the works of Stefan Andres
Vojteková, Alžběta ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
Stefan Andres (1906 - 1970), a German prosaist, poet and playwriter was continuously writing from the thirties of the twentieth century until his death. The number and the extent of his works is considerable even though they are scarcely known to the current reader. In his lifetime, he was a well-read and popular author, but he slowly fell into oblivion not only among readers but also among germanists and students of germanistics. The aim of the thesis is to consequently present life and work of Stefan Andres focusing on his trilogy Die Sintflut (Flood). Die Sintflut, as well as other Andres' works, is an artistic, human but also politic testimony. This leads to other domain of Andres' activities - his political involvement. He disapproved of nacism and German postwar situation. The thesis comes to the conclusion that Andres' political agenda, mirrored in his works, emanates from and is motivated by his Christian conviction. Even a brief glance at Andres' novels, novellas and short stories allows to form a judgment that the meeting point of Andres' thoughts is Christian faith. He is rightfully categorized amongst Christian, conservative or directly among catholic authors even though he was a very unorthodox Christian. Novellas, which are still read, or at least evoked (their distinctive trait is that they...
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Rose, oh pure contradiction... Form and funcion of philological "possibility"
Jakubcová, Alena ; Starý, Jiří (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
The diploma thesis is based on the results of analysis of two literary works: Bebuquin (Carl Einstein) and Mein Name sei Gantenbein (Max Frisch). It express the changed worldview and understanding of literature at the turn of the ninetieth to the twentieth century and connect them into the term of possibility - as a new kind of lived and perceived reality. The analysis itself strides from one layer of the literary work to another and leads to the differentiation of the three possibility-types: the ›ambiguous diversion‹, ›open uncertainty‹ and ›empty incomprehensibility‹.
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The comparison of Grillparzer's and Horn's King Ottokar and the response of Czech cultural public to both plays
Mišoňová, Anežka ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
This dissertation commences with a short overview of German and Czech poetry, drama and fiction on the Bohemian King Přemysl Ottokar II. The second chapter discusses the times in which the tragedy König Ottokars Glück und Ende by Franz Grillparzer was written, and the circumstances of its creation - including information on censorship, critical reaction by Czechs in Vienna, Grillparzer's relation to the Bohemians as well as a description of his stays in Moravia and Prague. The third chapter is concerned with the life of Uffo Daniel Horn, particularly with his political engagement with the revolution of 1848 and with changes in his relation to the Czech nation before and after the revolution. The fourth chapter offers comparisons of Horn's two versions of König Otakar, and of Grillparzer's and Horn's plays - in the light of their construction, action, protagonists and their characteristics. The final chapter deals with the responses of the Czech cultural public, in chronological order.
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Transformations and permanent aspects of the conflict between fathers and sons in twentieth- and twenty-first century German literature
Jansová, Kristina ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
My diploma thesis is focused on literary analysis of the motif of relationship between father and son in the German literature of the 20th and 21st century. The aim was to investigate, in selected texts, the reasons and forms of periodic updating of this old literary motif in various stages of spiritual and social development of the last century. The original texts were selected on the basis of representativeness of the topic and from the time perspective for one generation. The selection contains following texts Franz Kafka's Das Urteil, Die Verwandlung, Walter Hasenclever's Der Sohn, Nicht der Mörder, der Ermordete ist schuldig by Franz Werfel, Vatermord by Arnolt Bronnen, Hamlet oder die lange Nacht nimmt ein Ende by Alfred Döblin, Der Schwarze Schwan by Martin Walser, Das Buch des Vaters by Urs Widmer and Am Seil by Thomas Lang. Constants of the relationship between father and son have had to be identified because each particular relationship naturally bears individual features and is influenced by the time period in which it exists. The constants served as a scaffold for the thesis and were used as the main criterion for analysis of the investigated texts. First, the constant of the father's nature and its influence on the upbringing and relationship with his son was used. Second, the reactions of the...
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Gender and memory in the intergenerational debates on the Nazism era. Culturological interpretations of selected recent German novels
Pučalíková, Lenka ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with three contemporary German novels from the point of view of cultural studies and social psychology, in which the characters within the institution of family intergenerationally cope with the National Socialist past. Quotations from the texts aim to document how the thematic units of recollection, memory, generation and gender are related, and also to enlighten the fine nuances in the used terms, such as collective, cultural and communicative memory, or official and private memory. Family talk serves as a means of communication; it demonstrates what the individual members of the family remember in relation to the period of National Socialism, World War II and the Holocaust, what they have forgotten, how the memories differ according to generation or gender, and what changes the memories undergo over time. KEYWORDS Recollection, memory, remembering, forgetting, generation, gender, collective memory, cultural memory, communicative memory, generation memory, family memory, family talk, family history, family stories, National Socialism
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Literary portrayal of the mother character in selected novels by Elfriede Jelinek
Povejšilová, Klára ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
In the beginning of my thesis there is an overview of the mother and woman role from the Middle Age till the present. In the first chapter I introduce four mothers from two novels by Elfriede Jelinek. I'm trying to display the way they are portrayed in a political system and a concrete period. The Next chapter explains the terms "sex" and "gender". Elfriede Jelinek shows the feminine and masculine principles as stereotypical. Disequilibrium between these two principles concludes to the lability of an individuum and the society. The author reduces females to their bodies. The body is being considered a product of a capitalist market. In the fascist-regime the body is an object which is aimed for liquidation. The dirtiness-motive appears as a metaphor for the way of thinking of petty bourgeois, for the complicity and guilt for Nazi crimes and also as a metaphor for feminine physiological procedures. The next chapter is dedicated to the mother and father-children-relation. The children deprecate their parents but at the same time they repeat their behavior. The border-motive is typical for both chosen novels. The children try to cross the social and also the geographical border (Anna's studies in the USA, Erika's world wide popularity). The last chapter treats Jelinek's linguistic method. I mentioned...
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Dramatist and performer Werner Schwab. A contribution to Austrian postmodernism
Narwová, Michaela ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor) ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee)
The thesis gives a comprehensive picture of Werner Schwab, Austrian playwright and performer. He ranked among the most performed German-speaking authors at the time of his death in 1994. The main objective of this work, whose basis lies in Schwab's dramatic production, is to provide a comprehensive monographic study. The thesis deals not only with the dramas, but also with their relationship to the theatrical production of Thomas Bernhard and Elfriede Jelinek. The chapter on the author's personal life is followed by chapters "Postdramatic Theatre", "Theatre of Cruelty", and "Folk Play", where you can find the answer to the question of the place of Schwab's drama in the overall concept of literature at the end of the 20th century. Particular attention is paid to the unique language usage he developed, called "Schwabisch" after the author.
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Asthetics and attitudes of the "new objectivity" in the "Zeitroman" of the late Weimar Republic
Jobová, Karolina ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (advisor) ; Weinberg, Manfred (referee)
- english The focal points of this thesis are the aesthetic principles and categories of the "new objectivity" and their development in the literary scientific discourse (1913-1932), as well as their establishment in the literary production as a reaction to the preceding period of expressionism. Using the four "new objective" novels, the goal is to demonstrate the artistic procedures, issues and typical characters of the "new objectivity" as a dominant literary movement of the '20's and the beginning of '30's. At the same time, a special attention is dedicated to the social climate, the impact of the Great Depression on the professional life and on unemployment as well as to the emancipation of women and picture of "new woman", the polarization of the political spectrum, the political and ideological positions of the typical characters, as well as the role of the media such as film and press and other aspects of the contemporary reality, all of which is reflected in the selected literary works. As a starting point of the stylistic and content analysis were selected "new objective" novels of the late period of the Weimar Republic, published after 1929. Since they all reflect the current events of the time, they can be classified as period novels ("Zeitromane"). The following novels were analysed:...
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The transformation of the "Sanftes Gesetz" by Stifter from "Studien" to "Der Nachsommer"
Balcarová, Markéta ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on Adalbert Stifter's concept of nature and explored how he develops it, from his early collection of short stories Studies (Studien) to his later collection Colorful Stones (Bunte Steine) and finally in his novel entitled Indian Summer (Der Nachsommer). I also worked on identifying to what degree it was influenced by "the gentle law" (das sanfte Gesetz) , formulated in the Preface (Vorrede) to Colorful Stones. In my introduction, I attempted a summary of the Biedermeier characteristics present in Stifter's work. In addition, I touched on the traits of previous or emerging literary movements that heavily influenced Stifter, whose work is generally considered as typical of the Biedermeier movement. In order to forge links between "the gentle law" and the prose chosen for analysis, I also addressed the Preface to Colorful Stones, where "the gentle law" is conceptualised. Using the examples "big" (groß), "small" (klein) and "gentle" (sanft), I established that there is already an anticipation of "the gentle law" in Studies and that the principles of "the gentle law" can also be found in his later novel, Indian Summer. The chapter in which I follow the development of Stifter's nature concept constitutes the principal part of my thesis. I distinguish between five concepts of nature, so as...
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