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Language manaement of Huastecan Nahuatl in Mexico
Vlková Hingarová, Vendula ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Zajícová, Pavla (referee) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Language management of Nahuatl in Mexico This thesis describes the current status of Nahuatl language, and disccus its functioning and position within the institutional structures of Mexican society, as well as language community in the municipality of Chicontepec in northeastern Mexico. Nahuatl is one of the best-known indigenous languages with wider distribution across the Mexico and according to the latest census, there are one and half million speakers of the language. The aim of this paper is to present the key moments of the relationship between Spanish and Nahuatl. The paper analyzes how to manage the problems associated with the language problems associated with Nahuatl and other indigenous languages from the second half of the twenty century to the present. On the basis of empirical data describes in detail the use of Nahuatl and the transmission within the selected families and communities in the bilingual Chicontepec. In four communities discussed the linguistic behavior of the population with emphasis on intergenerational language transmission. The Nahua community have experienced over the past 30 years, the linguistic dynamic changes that result in different language skills in different generations, genders and social groups. One of the main conclusions is that the administration of Nahuatl...
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Contrastive research in English and Spanish passive based on the corpus
Lukáčová, Katarína ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Contrastive research in English and Spanish passive based on the corpus The analysis that was accomplished in this thesis concerning a contrative comparison of the passive frequency in English and Spanish languages was supposed to confirm several hypotheses stated in the introduction. The hypotheses were about the agent of the passive constructions, its frequency and obligation of it being expressed according to the style of the text. Thanks to the analysis it was discovered that the agent is often unexpressed in neither of the styles - scientific or novelistic. If the agent is explicitly expressed it is often due to the practical reasons; otherwise the possibilty not to express it explicitly - one of the main advantages that the passive voice offers - is used abunadantly. Nevertheless, the texts representing the novelistic style are evidently using more instances of the reflexive type of the passive. Mainly, when the agent is not relevant or unknown. In the scientific texts, there is a great tendency towards using a personal pronoun or a general noun and the verb in active voice. The problem connected with this practice is the narrow number of possibilities and therefore lack of elegance in the text. The reasons for using the influence of the functional sentence perspective are also different according to...
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Language manaement of Huastecan Nahuatl in Mexico
Vlková Hingarová, Vendula ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Zajícová, Pavla (referee) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
Language management of Nahuatl in Mexico This thesis describes the current status of Nahuatl language, and disccus its functioning and position within the institutional structures of Mexican society, as well as language community in the municipality of Chicontepec in northeastern Mexico. Nahuatl is one of the best-known indigenous languages with wider distribution across the Mexico and according to the latest census, there are one and half million speakers of the language. The aim of this paper is to present the key moments of the relationship between Spanish and Nahuatl. The paper analyzes how to manage the problems associated with the language problems associated with Nahuatl and other indigenous languages from the second half of the twenty century to the present. On the basis of empirical data describes in detail the use of Nahuatl and the transmission within the selected families and communities in the bilingual Chicontepec. In four communities discussed the linguistic behavior of the population with emphasis on intergenerational language transmission. The Nahua community have experienced over the past 30 years, the linguistic dynamic changes that result in different language skills in different generations, genders and social groups. One of the main conclusions is that the administration of Nahuatl...
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Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents
Vavroušová, Petra ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
The purpose of this thesis was to analyse the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalents. The thesis is divided into two parts: the theoretical one and the empirical one. We mainly drew from Spanish grammar books and Czech linguistic works. The gerund and its translation equivalents were compiled from the parallel Czech-Spanish corpus InterCorp. The excerpts were analysed from the linguistic point of view in order to provide a contrastive description of the Spanish gerund and its Czech equivalent expressions. The objective of the study was to describe the different types of Czech translation equivalents and their frequency. The results of the study also reveal that translation of the Spanish gerund into Czech is closely related to the conversion of the analytic language structure into the syntactic one. Therefore, some of the specific characteristics of translation of the gerund into Czech might be assigned to the concurrence of two typologically different languages.
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Aspect in Spanish and Czech
Romeu Labayen, Judit ; Starý, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee) ; Elšík, Viktor (referee)
This work compares some points of verbal aspect in Czech and Spanish. The starting point is the assumption, according to the theory of grounding, that in a narrative text the information is trapped on two planes, which are formally distinguished. This comparison works on the hypothesis that both languages use verbal aspect to formally distinguish both planes. The first part ofthe analysis shows that one ofthe main differences between both languages consists of the different role of the lexical properties of the predicate. In Czech lexical properties of the predicate can influence the selection of aspect, whereas in Spanish they cannot. This finding i s confirmed in the next part of the comparison which deals with the expression of partial and total simultaneity, anteriority and posteriority. The last part of the work is dedicated to the simultaneous expression ofthese temporal relationships and habitual meaning. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Aspects of the Judeo-Spanish linguistic variety of Thessaloniki
Garcia, Kateřina ; Zavadil, Bohumil (advisor) ; Nosek, Bedřich (referee) ; Čermák, Petr (referee)
The aim of this study is to offer a complete insight into the current situation of the Judeo- Spanish linguistic variety of Thessaloniki, a language that evolved within the community of Sephardic Jews that settled in the city from 1492, as a direct consequence of their expulsion from the Iberian Peninsula. This study is divided into three parts, each of them dedicated to a different aspect of this specific Judeo-Spanish variety. The first part examines Judeo-Spanish as a language of the Jewish Diaspora, in the broader context of the general theory of evolution of Jewish languages. Judeo-Spanish is depicted here as a distinctive language which, although based largely on Medieval Castillian and other Romance varieties spoken by the Jews prior to their expulsion from the Peninsula, consequently evolved after their transfer to the Eastern Mediterranean into a specific linguistic system. An extensive chapter is dedicated to the history and characterisation of the term Sepharad, which I consider of great importance not only for the elucidation of the circumstances of birth and evolution of the Judeo-Spanish language, but also for a better understanding of its current critical situation. This is followed by an introduction into the different functional and geographical varieties of Judeo-Spanish, as well as of...
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The variation of the Andalusian dialect in Málaga, Spain
Rážová, Renata ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee) ; Čermák, Petr (advisor)
Andalusian Spanish represents one of the main topics that experts in the area of Spanish dialectology have been dealing with for a long time. The geographical diversity of Andalusia is reflected in the local speaking and these terms may now also be used in the linguistic area. Therefore, based on the aforementioned diversity, this paper often references not just one Andalusian Spanish variation, but many. From this broad spectrum, we particularly chose one concurrent Andalusian variation, i.e. the version of Málaga, and we try to describe it from both a lexical and audial point of view. These are the two perspectives from which we see the main features of the types of Andalusian Spanish that may be distinguished. Before we documented the specific description for its individual phenomenon and features from an audial point of view, we asked the question as to what should actually be sought under the term "Andalusia" and "Andalusian Spanish" and what is hidden behind these terms. What does the indescribable and, in the often mentioned professional handbooks "Andalusian" - "lo andaluz" really mean? In answer to this question, we pointed out specifically the socio-linguistic aspects, cultural and historical events and social awareness of the Andalusians of the rareness and peculiarity of this region, its...
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