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Optical and electrical properties of new materials for organic electronics and photonics
Sionová, Marcela ; Přikryl, Radek (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the properties characterization of new organic materials with respect to their potential application in organic electro-optic devices. The theoretical part contains a themed literature search on application of organic materials for organic electronics and photonics. The basic principles of these devices are described. The practical part includes the preparation of thin films for organic photovoltaics of two types: based on low molecular weight organic compounds (diketo-pyrrolo-pyrroles derivates) and based on polymer (mixture of copolymer of poly(phenylenevinylene) and molecular senzitizer – derivate of fullerene). The first part of experiment is focused on characterization of optical and electrical properties of selected diketo-pyrrolo-pyrroles derivates and the second part is study the influence of annealing to polymer layer.
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Advanced materials for organic photonics
Zvěřina, Libor ; Salyk, Ota (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
The theoretical part of this bachelor’s thesis deals with principles, structure and optimization of organic solar cells and properties of low-molecular advanced materials – diketopyrrolopyrroles, which are used in photovoltaics. In the experimental part six derivatives of diketopyrrolopyrrole were analysed by optical characterisation. It was found that N-substitution does not influence optical properties. Length of conjugated system showed to be the key parameter. The longer conjugation is, the smaller band gap and the greater absorption intensity are obtained. Based on the previous study, four materials were chosen to prepare solar cells. Influence of thermal annealing and gradual-annealing was studied. Current density, fill factor and photovoltaic conversion efficiency were increased by annealing. Gradual-annealing have not lead to further improvement. Finally, solar cells were optimized by 1,8-diiodooctane as an additive. It was found that effect of thermal annealing can be replaced with the additive. The best photovoltaic conversion efficiency was measured on the cell with 0,2 vol. % of additive in active bulk heterojunction.
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Photogeneration of Charge Carriers in Organic Semiconductors
Heinrichová, Patricie ; Kratochvílová, Irena (referee) ; Cimrová,, Věra (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
The interest in the detail knowledge about elementary electronic processes during photogeneration of charge carriers, which allow achieving higher efficiency of organic solar cells, grows with advent of the commercial organic solar cells production. The thesis is focused on study of photogeneration of charge carriers in organic semiconductors, especially in -conjugated polymer materials. First part of the thesis summarized state of the art in studies of photogeneration of charge carriers in polymer solar cells. Subsequent experimental and results part are focused on study of polymeric solar cells prepared from electron donor polymers MDMO-PPV, Tg-PPV, PCDTBT and PCBTDPP and electron acceptor derivates of fullerenes PC60BM and PC70BM. Results of the thesis are divided in tree main parts: 1) study of charge transfer between electron donor and electron acceptor materials by optical methods, 2) study of charge transfer between electron donor and electron acceptor materials by optoelectrical methods and 3) development of organic solar cells on flexible substrates. The last part is focused largely on deposition methods of active materials thin layer.
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Preparation and optimization of perovskite solar cells
Puváková, Alžbeta ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
Perovskite solar cells are part of third generation of solar cells and thanks to their atractive properties they are potencional candidates for replacement of silicon solar cells. Inverted planar structure of perovskite solar cells is possible to prepare by low temperature methods and by solution processing techniques. Main aim of this thesis was to prepare and characterize inverted planar perovskite solr cells with a different modification of structure. Perovskite solar cells was prepared with following structures: reference perovskite solar cells, perovskite solar cells with only a perovskite layer, perovskite solar cell without electron transport and perovskite solar cell without hole transport layer. They were prepared simultaneously by spin coating. Methods used for a characterisation of a parameters of this cells were current-voltage characteristic, impedance spektroskopy, meassure of external quantum efficiency and electrolumiscence. Reference perovskite solar cell reached best results folowed by solar cell without hole transport layer. Lowest results were gained by perovskite solar cell without electron transport layer and perovskite solar cell with only perovskite layer, where increased recombination and acumulation of charge were observed,
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Kinetics of photochromic reactions in thin polymeric layers
Zeman, Vojtěch ; Weiter, Martin (referee) ; Vala, Martin (advisor)
The thesis is aimed to the study of spiropyrane behavior in polymeric matrix of poly(N-vinylkarbazole) (PVK) and poly[2-methoxy-5-(3´,7´-dimethyloctyloxy)-1,4-fenylenvinylene)] (MDMO-PPV). The photochromic transformation of spiropyrane to its isomeric merocyanine form (SPMC) was studied by absorption and emission spectroscopy. It was found, that photochromic reaction is markedly dependent on the environment. In the PVK polymer, which don’t absorb in the visible region, a high yield of photochromic reaction was achieved. Both, absorption and emission spectrums were observed for this system. From the measurement of time dependencies of the fotochromic reaction, the activation energy of the reverse reaction was determined. A different behavior, particularly in emissive spectrums, was found for the MDMO-PPV polymer doped with spiropyrane. Instead of formation of new band of merocyanine, decrease of the polymer fluorescence was observed. Subsequently, we studied the interaction between the polymeric matrix and the photochromic spiropyrane using fluorescence quenching method. On the basis of energy transfer theory, a critical radius of the fluorescence quenching sphere in solution and in solid was determined.
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Organic materials for photovoltaic conversion of solar energy
Vrchotová, Jana ; Vala, Martin (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with new perspective organic molecular materials for use in photovoltaic energy conversion. A theoretical part of this project contains brief introduction to photovoltaics and search themed on organic photovoltaics. The aim of the experimental part was preparation of thin layers of diketopyrrolopyrrole and hemiisoxindigo derivatives and study of optical properties of solutions and thin layers prepared from these materials.
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Charge carrier transport in organic disordered materials
Češka, Matěj ; Navrátil, Jiří (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor´s thesis deals with organic materials for use in photovoltaic energy conversion. A theoretical part of this thesis contains brief introduction to organic photovoltaics. Thin organic films were prepared and were characterized by optical methods and by current voltage characteristics. It was found that the light illumination can improve conductivity of prepared thin layers.
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Study of Optical and Electrical Properties of Biomaterials
Flimelová, Miroslava ; Táborský, Petr (referee) ; Drbohlavová, Jana (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
Studium nových materiálů potenciálně využitelných pro organickou elektroniku a fotoniku získává velmi důležitý význam z hlediska ekologie. Tato práce je zaměřena na studium vlastností biologických materiálů, které by našly uplatnění v aplikační sféře. Zájem o znalosti v oblasti základních a pokročilých vlastností organických a biologických materiálů, které mohou být potenciálně využity v oblasti organické elektroniky a fotoniky přináší nové otázky, které mohou přispět k rozvoji této oblasti. Ke studiu základních procesů souvisejících s optickými a elektrickými vlastnostmi materiálů, jako je například přenos náboje, jsme využili různé techniky a metody charakterizace. První část práce je zaměřena na souhrn vlastností anorganických a organických materiálů umožňující jejich možné využití v organické elektronice a fotonice, druhá část práce poskytuje nejnovější přehled z oblasti pokročilých biologických materiálů a jejich vlastností související se záměrem této práce. Třetí část práce pak shrnuje experimentální metody a shrnuje získané výsledky. Nakonec je diskutován vztah mezi pozorovanými jevy a strukturou studovaných materiálů na molekulární úrovni.
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Organic solar cells
Sionová, Marcela ; Navrátil, Jiří (referee) ; Weiter, Martin (advisor)
This bachelor thesis concentrates on the properties characterization of new organic materials for solar cells. In the theoretical part, there is a solar cells themed literature search and a description of the fotovoltaic energy conversion. The practical part includes the preparation of solar cells with classic and invert structure and comparsion their efficiency on transparent electrodes from a different producers.
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Study of optoelectrical properties of organic semiconductor thin film layers
Pospíšil, Jan ; Weiter, Martin (referee) ; Zmeškal, Oldřich (advisor)
The thesis is focused on the study of electric and dielectric properties of thin film organic materials that can be used as an active layer of photovoltaic cells. Primarily were studied the properties of the layers on the glass substrates, which consist of a thin active layer of phthalocyanines. On the samples were first measured current-voltage characteristics (in the dark and during the exposure) and the basic parameters of the photovoltaic conversion were determined. Finally were measured frequency dependencies (impedance spectra, in the dark and during the exposure) and the parameters of a model of the structure with organic semiconductor were determined. The obtained results will be used to optimize the properties of photovoltaic cells.
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