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Equity Policies in tertiary education: The Case of the Universidad Autónoma Chapingo, Mexico. Analysis from Public Policy Theories.
Medina Varela, Jesús Arturo ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Jusić, Mirna (referee)
Despite efforts to increase enrollment and democratize public tertiary education in Mexico, educational inequality persists. Students from families with higher incomes remain the primary beneficiaries of tertiary education. The Universidad Autónoma Chapingo (UACH) is an exception to this trend, its equity policies have helped low- income and indigenous students access and succeed. Although there are reports and evaluations of these policies, no research explains why they were implemented at the UACH, especially when other public universities in Mexico took a more meritocratic approach. This study aims to fill this gap by examining the variables that led to implementing equity policies at the UACH. The research finds that the beliefs and ideas of the actors inherited from the history of the institution are the most significative explanatory variable. In combination with other factors, including stable parameters, external events, long term coalition opportunities. The study also highlights the leadership role played by a policy entrepreneur at the UACH and how his coalition implemented a unique approach to reform university admissions policies. The study shows that the success of equity policies at the UACH was not due to a single variable but a combination of circumstances, strategies, and access...
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Preparation of graduate students for teaching in inclusive classrooms at the Faculty of Education of Charles Univerzity
Řiháčková, Nela ; Kohoutek, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee)
Diploma thesis examines the preparation of students of pedagogical study programmes for teaching in inclusive classrooms during their undergraduate studies. In the Czech social and public policy discourse there is a visible growth of the value of inclusive education. Inclusive principles have been incorporated into Czech education with the amendment of the Education Act in 2015 (Act No. 82/2015). However, the current methods of undergraduate teacher education students' preparation for inclusive education are reflected minimally in the relevant research literature in the Czech Republic (e.g. Stará, 2015). Faculties of education then carry a significant degree of responsibility for ensuring sufficient and high-quality preparation of future teachers, who have the uneasy task of managing the inclusive education right at the level of the classrooms with a very heterogenous group of pupils. Teachers are expected to ensure the individualisation of teaching and to be competent in pedagogical diagnosis. This paper, using a qualitative case study of the Education for Primary School Grade 1 programme at the Faculty of Education, Charles University, will help to examine the current form of study preparation, evaluate its adequacy for the profession, identify problematic areas and suggest ways to improve the...
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Policy Design of the Unified National Examinations to Higher Education Institutions in Georgia
Gabunia, Mariam ; Kohoutek, Jan (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee)
The Unified National Examination (UNE) is a policy, which regulates the students' admission procedure to higher education institutions in Georgia. The UNE is a special policy in terms of its design, which manages admission procedure with a centralized and standardized approach. The main goal of this thesis is to study the 'side-effects' and challenges of UNE policy, explore its organizational structure and understand the main design patterns in the policy process to find the optimal solutions for current challenges. The research problem is studied through policy design conceptual framework in order to understand how a specific instrument mix was chosen by the policy-makers and how particular redesigns of the system were made in the previous years. The thesis discusses the design process of UNE, its design types and spaces and identifies the levels of government capacities in this process and its impact on tool choices. The thesis highlights the following challenges of UNE policy: contested testing model, controversial design of reforms, 'black holes' for corruption, inequality of access to higher education and restricted autonomy of higher education institutions, which need to be addressed for system sophistication in the future. Keywords Education policy, higher education system, national...
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Measuring value-added in education
Potužníková, Eva ; Greger, David (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee) ; Ježek, Stanislav (referee)
Value-added measurement is a general term for a variety of approaches that assess school effectiveness based on their students' learning progress. In the context of growing interest in monitoring educational achievement, value-added is gaining importance as a fairer measure of school contribution to student learning. The aim of this work is to give an overview of main approaches to value-added measurement and to prove their applicability in the Czech education system. Value-added is measured by statistical models that rely on the method of linear regression but vary in how they model the school effects and which independent variables they use. Value-added scores estimated by nine different models are compared in the empirical part of this work. The study uses data of 3016 students from 141 basic schools assessed in grades 4 and 6 in the Czech Longitudinal Study in Education (CloSE). Value-added estimates differ from average raw test scores and from effectivity estimates obtained from models that account for the students' socio-demographic characteristics but not for their prior test achievement. School effects obtained from different value-added models are highly correlated, but simple regression models classify more schools into groups with above-average or below-average value-added. Simple...
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Self-awareness and its Development through Public Policy as a Factor in Choice of Upper Secondary School Programme
Pýchová, Silvie ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Morávková Krejčová, Lenka (referee) ; Kirovová, Iva (referee)
In recent years, the topic of people's employability on the labour market has become increasingly important in the context of its dynamic transformation due to globalisation and technological progress. The way to prepare young people in education and the adult population for these changes is the subject of career guidance worldwide. Surprisingly, this topic is currently not very resonating among the actors in the Czech Republic and is not considered as a priority of educational policy, even though it is a major focus of European educational strategies. The objective of this dissertation is to gain insight into the beliefs held by the actors in the Czech educational system regarding the topics addressed by career guidance. The dissertation uses data from the 2019 Delphi survey among the actors in education and applies a phenomenographic approach for its secondary analysis. Based on The Advocacy Coalition Framework, this thesis also aims to discover if it is possible to identify certain opinion groups among these actors. The result of this research offers a map of actors' perceptions on this issue. At the same time, it shows that there are at least two large groups of actors whose views have significant disagreements based on their core beliefs. The output of this dissertation also provides...
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Perception of distance learning from the point of view of primary school teachers in times of pandemic and from the point of view of the regional spectrum
Soukup, Richard ; Mouralová, Magdalena (advisor) ; Veselý, Arnošt (referee)
This bachelors thesis is focused on exploring and analyzing the topic of online education from the point of view of teachers during the first two waves of COVID-19. Thesis is based on academic literature and analytical studies. The second part of this thesis is based around data acquired by two research companies Paq Research and Kalibro. The data went through secondary analysis and comparative approaches of the analysis. Theoretical section of this thesis aims to explain the specifics of the COVID-19 outbreak and how Czech education system with its teachers managed to transfer from offline to online teaching. Following the previous goals it also generally explains how teachers approached online educational environment. Teachers are important parts of educational politics, how they specifically played their part during these difficult times and how it changed them. These concepts will be enriched by the inequalities on regional scale. Analytical section along with authors own interpretation of results are based on the research questions and it brings new findings. Changing the entire concept of teaching, how teachers prepared for their lessons, what materials they used and many other concept, all these things posed a challenge, but in the end the assumption, that the first wave will be the "more difficult"...
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Mental health of the Czech university students
Beranová, Zuzana ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Kotherová, Zuzana (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the mental health of university students in the Czech Republic. This work aims to map the factors that affect university students' mental health. Other goals are to determine the state of mental health of university students and determine to what extent university studies influence their mental health. The last goal of the thesis is to propose public policy measures that can be taken in this area as preventive and which could lead to improving the mental health of university students. The diploma thesis is based on the theory of Six Dimensions of Wellness (for the approach to the concept of mental health) and the theory of the social determents of health which approaches the factors that affect health in general. Hypotheses were developed from these theories and other literature. The research consists of two parts: qualitative and quantitative research. As part of quantitative research, the variables that affect the mental health of university students are examined using the Spearmen correlation coefficient. Qualitative research focuses on the second part of the work, namely the design of public policy measures. Semi-structured interviews with university counsellors were conducted, and responses from the crisis centre were included. Factors that affect students' mental...
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The difficulty of doctoral studies in the Czech Republic: case study of study obligations in political science, sociology and social work programs
Brych, Jan ; Veselý, Arnošt (advisor) ; Doleček, Pavel (referee)
The diploma thesis examines the difficulty of study obligations of doctoral study programs in political science, sociology, and social work across the Czech Republic. The research problem lies in the examination of the difficulty of study obligations in the context of problematic factors of Czech doctoral studies. The main objective of the thesis is to compare the study obligations of the above-mentioned study programs, to reveal formal and informal institutions that influence the setting of study obligations in doctoral studies with the help of the theory of historical institutionalism, and to find out why publication obligations are part of the study obligations in the Czech Republic. Information from 17 qualitative interviews with representatives of the subject-area boards of the examined study programs and with experts in doctoral studies was analyzed using the method of qualitative content analysis. The results of the primary research are complemented by findings from the research survey Doktorandi 2021, which relates to the study obligations of doctoral students. The results of the research show that study obligations differ between the fields of political science, sociology, and social work only in minor details. The setting of study obligations in the Czech Republic is influenced by formal...
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