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Environmental impact of the petroleum industry in Samara region, Russia
Mursaikova, Maria ; Vach, Marek (advisor) ; Najnarová, Eva (referee)
Abstrakt
In this thesis, i dealt with the contamination of environment of Samara oblast in Russia crude oil and elements, which released during transformation to useful products. Comparison their concentration with threshold limit value of oil's elements and backgroung concentration for this area.
The samples of water and soil were collected in Samara oblast, which is one of the most largest petroleum province in Russia. In this thesis to prove whether the ecological status influences by industrial activities based on an evaluation of data from the samples.
As a mesure i choose indicators of petroleum´s hydrocarbon, isoprenoid and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in water and soil habitats. This samples were taken once in the autumn at six sites. I choose trhee location next to Novokujbyševska ferinery and three sites next to Kujbyševska refinery.
This locality is located under permanent technogenic load by two petrochemical plant. the results of my study can be use as important base by next monitoring further developments in this area.
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Incidence of mercury in reservoir Skalka and its enviromental impact
Vydrová, Silvie ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
The aim of my thesis is to focus and highlight the problem of contamination by mercury reservoir Skalka. I will describe what is mercury and its chemical marking where everywhere we mercury in the environment meet. I mention the importance of mercury and how it can become toxic.
The main focus of my work is the emergence of mercury in the reservoir, how it came to that, what was the impact on the environment in the tank and its surroundings, and what steps have been taken to remove it.
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Occurrence of PBDE compounds and Bisphenol A in rivers with the occurrence of cryfish
Svobodová, Kateřina ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with result evaluation of a project under the auspices of the EAA and Norway Grants, which ran from 2015 to 2016. The project's goal was to evaluate water quality at sites with native and invasive crayfish. The project also included monitoring organic substances such as Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs). I mainly focused on a subset of PBDEs, the brominated flame retardants (BFRs). These substances have been monitored since the 1970s, when food was accidentally contaminated leading to the contamination of the nearby area in the US. What is alarming is their persistence in the environment, which leads to their constantly increasing levels. Information about the transformation and biodegradation of PBDEs in the environment is still limited and is continually analyzed in new studies. These substances are poorly volatile and insoluble, which makes dust and particles arising from the products containing BPAs the main sources of contact. Another agent, whose presence in the environment of the Czech Republic I analyzed, is Bisphenol A (BPA). BPA is used in the production of epoxy resins and polycarbonate plastics. BPA is a toxic substance with the ability to disrupt hormone function. Baby feeding bottles have been confirmed to contain these compounds. In April 2004, the Czech government approved a (program to reduce pollution of surface waters by dangerous harmful substances). In August 2004, the EU enacted a ban on the sale and use of penta-BDE and octa-BDE in all fields. Since 2011, Bisphenol A may not be used in the manufacture of baby feeding bottles. The goal of this thesis is to analyze and evaluate the amount and possible consequences of these substances in our environment, which are alarming even after full or partial bans on the use of these substances.
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Analysis of transfer from trolley bus to CNG sources: emission, economic and ecologic effects
Gärberová, Gabriela ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
This thesis is a comparative study comparing the environmental and economic impact after the abolition of public transport in Jirkov, using electric motors and its replacement by buses or CNG or diesel vehicles. The work also includes an opinion poll in which I canvassed 500 respondents and the resulting poll I evaluated statistically. I evaluted from the studies pollution from emissions of all three components, which I compared with each other. Results may be used for future evaluation of the effectiveness of public transport of other cities.
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Heavy metals in the river Ohre stretch Hohenberg an der Eger - Sokolov
Lokajíček, Ladislav ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
The aim of the work is to determine the content of heavy metals (copper, lead, cadmium, thallium, selenium, cobalt, nickel, chromium, and mercury) in the river Ohre River in a section of the Hohenberg an der Eger-Sokolov. Shows the characteristics of heavy metals and their impact on the environment and human health. At the same time the methodology of collection of samples is described, their evaluation and processing of the results. In conclusion, the results are compared with the results of similar measurements from years past.
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The influence of the surrounding landscape , fishery management , external and internal factors on water quality in ponds
Janáček, Štěpán ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
The thesis deals with the influences that affect water quality in the ponds . It focuses on selected factors which define water quality . These include e.g. the amount of dissolved oxygen in the water , ammonia, etc. To determine the change in water quality in a fish breeding tank, measured quality of water at the inlet of the tank and at its drain. I enter into the analysis and facts about the amount of fish stocking in ponds , basin shape , location of the pond in the countryside , farming in the watershed .
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Deposition of toxic metals near roads
Kováčová, Hana ; Vach, Marek (advisor) ; Najnarová, Eva (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of selected toxic metals (Cu, Cd, Pb, Cr, Ni and Zn) in soil and reed grass near roads. It was selected five sampling sites on the territory of the region Vysočina. Three sampling sites in the section between Pacov and Pelhřimov, this is the main road that connects with Humpolec and Tábor. The other two sampling sites were chosen on the road III. class at the village Milotičky and Útěchovičky. Samples of soil and plant sateach site were taken two meters, and about 30m from the road. Determination of toxic metals in soil and on plants was per formed by AAS. The soil was detected in dependence Cr and Cd in samples taken 2 meters and 30 meters from the road. The plants were found only in dependence of Cr in the 2m and 30m from the road. Comparison of main roads and III. class showed no dependence.
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Vehicle and wildlife conflicts evaluation in the Louny district
Hubáček, Jan ; Vach, Marek (advisor) ; Najnarová, Eva (referee)
This thesis deals with conflicts of game motor vehicles in the district of Louny. It was monitored period from early 2010 until the end of 2015.
It was observed due to the total number of accidents, the time period during which the accident occurred and the type of road on which the accident occurred.
The work is discussed further measures to reduce conflicts of motor vehicles with animals, to alleviate the number of slaughtered animals and was as much to protect the life and health of people and their property.
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Groundwater chemism in the military area Brdy
Váchová, Alena ; Vach, Marek (advisor)
This bachelor thesis deals with the chemical composition of groundwater in the military training area Brdy. It is focused on comparing the chemical composition of the groundwater at various locations military area. The aim of the study is to compare the chemical composition of various localities military area and evaluate the potential impact of military activities on the composition and quality of groundwater. Based on the results make an evaluation whether, in this direction will benefit from the abolition or reduction of the training area.
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Heavy metals in Ohře river
Hrnko, Vladimír ; Vach, Marek (advisor) ; Heřmanovský, Martin (referee)
In this thesis, I dealt with the contamination of surface layers of river sediment in areas of Karlovy Vary and Sokolov selected elements and their comparison with data industry unencumbered by sediment from the area Písty and the limits of the International commission for the protection of the Elbe (MKOL).
The sediments were collected from monitored Ohře River Basin in the stretch Sokolov- Karlovy Vary, which runs through the industrial area of Karlovy Vary and Sokolov. In his thesis to prove whether the above flow influenced by industrial activities based on an evaluation of data from the samples. As a measure I chose indicators of heavy metal concentrations in surface sediments of the river flow. The samples were taken quarterly during the year at six sites. I chose three sites in Sokolov and three locations in Karlovy Vary. For comparison, one of the samples taken from the Karlovy Vary in the CHKO Slavkovský les, Svatošské skály. The monitored parameters are pH, Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn.
This locality is very ignored in these indicators and the results of my measurements can be an important basis for monitoring further developments in the river.
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