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Image schema for PATH in the Czech Sign Language
Moudrá, Anna ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Macurová, Alena (referee)
Summary: This thesis builds on current research about image schema PATH in Czech language. After a theoretical introduction of the cognitive-linguistic theory of conceptual, or image schemas and about iconic and iconic-metaphorical (double) mapping of sign language existing theoretical and methodological knowledge is compared with language material that captures expressions schema PATH in the Czech sign language. For these purposes a corpus of signs of Czech sign language that make use of the schema of PATH was acquired. Analyzed signs are categorized by target areas (semantic circuits) and also according to the criteria of phonological structure. Key words: cognitive linguistics, Czech sign language, metaphor, iconic mapping, iconic-metaphoric (double) mapping, image schema, image schema PATH
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Indirect naming units in Czech Sign Language
Nováková, Radka ; Macurová, Alena (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
This dissertation addresses the Indirect Naming Unit in Czech Sign Language. This area has not been researched systematically in the Czech Republic. There are total of 60 of them being introduced and analyzed in this paper. They are divided into 3 main categories based on how they change the form of the sign. Each sign has a photo documentation showing what the sign looks like in the basic meaning and the metaphorical meaning. Furthermore, for each sign of an Indirect Naming Unit there is a written explanation of its semantic motivation for the metaphorical meaning. In another part of this paper, the metaphorical meanings have been grouped into general categories. These metaphorical meanings were taken from previously collected examples. These examples are translated into written Czech and the sign order, used in the signed sentence, is listed as well. These examples used in Czech Sign Language are shown in videos on DVD, which is a part of this dissertation. The theoretical support for this research work is based on the knowledge of the Indirect Naming Unit in the Czech linguistics. Furthermore, there are introductory notes about Indirect Naming Unit in Czech Sign Language related to the process of creating the Indirect Naming Unit, the process of lexicalization and the categorization based on the...
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Perception of verbal irony in Czech
Pospíšilová, Dominika ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
This paper explores perception of discourse irony in Czech - how can irony affect Czech adults and teenagers, their definition of it and what are the differences between irony in Czech and in English. The inspiration for my paper was a cross-cultural study of comprehension of sarcasm in Czech and Canadian children in which I was concerned and which revealed that Czech children understand sarcasm somehow sooner than Canadian children. My paper focuses on two experiments I did with Czech adults for purposes of the cross-cultural study, in which adults were just the control group, and on following experiment with Czech teenagers, who weren't included in the study at all. The first experiment (the preliminary stage of the cross-cultural study) showed the approach of Czech adults to the forms of irony used in the cross-cultural study and what the term irony means to them. The second experiment confirmed appreciable differences in perception of social-communicative aspects of irony (pleasantness, unpleasantness, wittiness) between Czech and Canadian adults - the Czechs feel irony much more negative than the Canadians do. The third experiment was with fifteen-year-old Czech students and it pointed out that although their language skills are in principle comparable with those of adults, in the case of irony...
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Girls' language in Czech girls' magazines
Kadlecová, Kateřina ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
This study deals with language and ideology in girls' magazines BravoGIRL!, COSMOgirl!, Dívka (Girl) and Top dívky (Top Girls). It describes the position ofthese three monthlies and one semi-monthly on the Czech media market and then it focuses at the content and specific genres ofthese magazines (namely, photostories). The linguistic analysis ofthe used language and style follows; the expressivity and emotionality of the so called genderlect and especially of the girls' speech (and a speech meant for girls) and the tendenci es towards enriching the lexicon of these magazines with anglicisms, neologisms, occasionalisms and slang are exemplified. It is also explained why intertextuality becomes so rare in the texts. In addition, I offer results of a questionnaire (50 enquirees), which uses both qualitative and quantitative (evaluated by the SPSS software) methods. It reveals how much the girls, potential inforrnants of the media messages, perceive the language of those magazines which is made to be and pretends to be their own sociolect. The ability to understand the text is questioned here, and so are the acceptation of profane language and so-called smileys, interest in topics offered and subjective evaluating of the gir1s' magazines with both rejecting and supporting the reasons for reading them. The last...
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Gestures and Face Expression in Different Cultures
Puldová, Hana ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
Následující práce se zabývá problematikou neverbální komunikace v různých kulturách a to především jejími dvěma druhy - gestikou a mimikou. Největší pozornost je soustředěna na analýzu toho, jak je v česky publikované, původní i překladové odborné literatuře pojat výklad o vybraných neverbálních prostředcích v různých kulturách. Práce se zaměřuje převážně na to, nakolik jsou v příslušných publikacích zohledněna kulturní specifika příslušných prostředků, na které kultury je pokládán největší důraz a jaké informace jsou o daných prostředcích sdělovány. Nejprve je popsán samotný pojem neverbální komunikace, poté její druhy, ve stručnosti jejich charakteristika a stěžejní částí celé práce je právě ona zmíněná analýza vybraných publikací, kde bylo primárním úkolem zjistit, jakou měrou se čeští i zahraniční autoři zabývají mezikulturními rozdíly v problematice neverbální komunikace, a co o nich pojednávají. Klíčová slova: neverbální komunikace, gesta, mimika, kultura This thesis concerns itself with forms of nonverbal communication in various cultures, most importantly with its main two forms - gestics and mimics. A great deal of attention is devoted to analysis of the interpretation of certain nonverbal means of communication in Czech scholarly publications, both original works and translations from other...
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Conceptualization of Life in the Czech Popular Lyrics (Contribution to the Study of the Linguistic Picture of the World)
Janovská, Zuzana ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Saicová Římalová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis examines the conceptualization of life in the lyrics of Czech popular songs of 1960s. The thesis derives theoretically and methodologically from cognitively and culturally-based approaches to language, especially from the theory of conceptual metaphor and metonymy (e. g. Lakoff and Johnson) and the concept of language as a picture of the world (school of Lublin). At first the thesis analyses the semantics of lexeme life. The analysis is based on the data from dictionaries and it reaches the basics of the linguistic picture of life as it is anchored in common language. Simultaneously the thesis works with the picture of life (in contrast with death) how it is served in the literature about Czech folk culture. The main part of this study consists of almost a hundred interpretations of lyrics from the examined period, which depict human life in its various stages and forms (through oppositions of life - death, youth - old age, etc.). The analysis follows relevant semantic elements which participate on its conceptualization. The thesis describes systematically and in detail particularly metaphors (structural, ontological and orientational), metonymy, and also the image schemes which are associated with life (scheme of JOURNEY, CYCLE). The attention is paid to their specific language...
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Phrasems in Norwegian and Czech - A Comparison from the Cognitive Linguistics Perspective
Payneová, Marie ; Štajnerová, Petra (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
In this thesis we deal with the analysis of expressions - in particular the metaphorical and phraseological expressions - containing a motive of an animal in Czech and Norwegian. The method is based on cognitive linguistics, mainly on the Polish ethnolinguistic school, with a special focus on the definition of metaphor and symbol from the point of view of the philosophical hermeneutics. We describe and support some common principles of the perception and conceptualization of animals in both languages and we focus on semantic connections concerning this topic. Our main focus is on the expression wolf - we compare the linguistic picture of the world of this controversial animal in Czech and Norwegian.
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Communicative strategies in letters of J. Skácel and J. Fried
Kačerová, Hana ; Šebesta, Karel (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
The thesis NCommunicative Strategies ln letters of J. Skácel and J. Fried" analyzes the mutual correspondence of Jan Skacel and Jiri Fried from 1982 to 1989 from the viewpcint cf the communication strategies used, emphasizing politeness strategy, and individual styles cf the writers. Development of these strategies as well as af the language used in the analyzed correspandence is examined with regard to changing personal relatianship of the writers. The results are related to general definiticns of epistolary style.
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Woman in Czech linguistic picture of the world
Christou, Anna ; Vaňková, Irena (advisor) ; Pacovská, Jasňa (referee)
This thesis aims at the analysis of the image of woman in the Czech lingustic picture of the world. A special attention is paid to the issue of lingustic stereotypes connected to women. The theoretical and methodological framework for the analysis is provided by the principles of cognitive lingustics and ethnolingustics. The lingustic material the thesis works with consists of dictionary definitions from the Czech explanatory, etymological and synonimical dictionaries, as well as folk songs, proverbs, phrasems and anecdotes. Stereotypes connected to women are analysed in several different dimensions throughout the text. The thesis deals both with the typical characteristics of women in general and with those ascribed to them in various periods of life (young girl, old woman); those based on family relations (mother, mother-in-law, step-mother) as well as those determined by the relation with men (wife).
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Sign language interpreting in the theatre
Kováčová, Tamara ; Hynková Dingová, Naďa (advisor) ; Vaňková, Irena (referee)
Cílem bakalářské práce je podat úvodní informace pro tlumočníky znakového jazyka, kteří se rozhodnou tlumočit divadelní představení do znakového jazyka. V kapitolách 1 a 2 se popisuje obecný úvod k teorii tlumočení a zařazení divadelního tlumočení do systému tlumočení. Kapitola 3 pojednává o základních typech divadelního tlumočení. V kapitolách 4 až 7 je popisován proces příprava proces překladu divadelního představení do znakového jazyka. Kapitola 8 pojednává o technických podmínkách divadelního tlumočení. V kapitole 9 jsou přiblížena specifika divadelního tlumočení pro děti. Kapitola 10 se zaměřuje na týmovou spolupráci tlumočníků znakového jazyka při přípravě divadelního představení. Kapitola 11 nabízí stručný přehled divadelních představení tlumočených do znakového jazyka v ČR, která byla realizována k červenci 2007. Závěrečná 12. kapitola předkládá návrhy směřování divadelního tlumočení pro neslyšící do budoucna.
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