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Legal regulation of international trade in endangered species
Vítková, Eliška ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Fabšíková, Tereza (referee)
Legal regulation of international trade in endangered species Abstract International trade in wildlife products has been ongoing for centuries. However, in recent decades, due to globalisation and technological progress, it has become so extensive that it now poses one of the most significant threats to biodiversity. Illegal international trade is closely linked to various other types of criminal activities and is comparable in scale to drug trafficking or arms trafficking. Consequently, effective and robust legal regulation is absolutely crucial. The objective of this paper is to provide a comprehensive overview of the existing legal framework and analyse its practical effectiveness. As international trade in endangered species is a global issue, regulation at the international level is imperative. The Washington Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES), adopted in 1973, plays a vital role in this regard by offering the most effective legal instruments to combat illegal trade. This paper describes in particular the role of CITES Permit system, which is the backbone of the regulation of trade in specimens of species included in the Appendices of this Convention. Additionally, the European Union plays a significant role in regulating international trade by ensuring implementation of...
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Changes in the social arrangement of the lowland gorillas in Prague ZOO after incorporation of a new fertile female
Vítková, Eliška ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Vančatová, Marina (referee)
In my several months of research I have been engaged in studying the distribution of affiliated and agonistic behaviour in a group and primarily towards a new female, over the course of ranking the new female into the group and changes in the social arrangement of the western lowland gorillas in Prague Zoo. For the research standardised observational methods were used, ad libitum sampling, focal animal sampling and scan sampling and statistical analysis on data was carried out with the aid of ethological software (Noldus- MatMan 1.0). Hypotheses stated that the agonistic contact towards Bikire would be initiated by females and above all from the female Shinda, also affiliated contact for Bikire would be initiated by the young and under aged, that the frequency of agonistic contact towards Bikire will gradually decline, that the other adults in the group are dominant to Bikire, that will result in lower affiliated contact and that the social structure will change in the group. From the results of the research it is confirmed, that agonistic contact towards the new female was initiated exclusively by females and in particular the female Shinda. Further it was confirmed, the initiators of the affiliated contact towards Bikire are the young and under aged female member Moja. It was revealed the other...
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Changes in the social arrangement of the lowland gorillas in Prague ZOO after incorporation of a new fertile female
Vítková, Eliška ; Vančata, Václav (advisor) ; Vančatová, Marina (referee)
In my several months of research I have been engaged in studying the distribution of affiliated and agonistic behaviour in a group and primarily towards a new female, over the course of ranking the new female into the group and changes in the social arrangement of the western lowland gorillas in Prague Zoo. For the research standardised observational methods were used, ad libitum sampling, focal animal sampling and scan sampling and statistical analysis on data was carried out with the aid of ethological software (Noldus- MatMan 1.0). Hypotheses stated that the agonistic contact towards Bikire would be initiated by females and above all from the female Shinda, also affiliated contact for Bikire would be initiated by the young and under aged, that the frequency of agonistic contact towards Bikire will gradually decline, that the other adults in the group are dominant to Bikire, that will result in lower affiliated contact and that the social structure will change in the group. From the results of the research it is confirmed, that agonistic contact towards the new female was initiated exclusively by females and in particular the female Shinda. Further it was confirmed, the initiators of the affiliated contact towards Bikire are the young and under aged female member Moja. It was revealed the other...
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