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Phyllotactic Model Linking Nano and Macro World
Horáček, Miroslav ; Meluzín, Petr ; Krátký, Stanislav ; Urbánek, Michal ; Bok, Jan ; Kolařík, Vladimír
Recently, the arrangement of diffraction primitives according to a phyllotactic model was presented. This arrangement was used to benchmarking purposes of the e-beam writer nano patterning. The phyllotactic arrangement has several interesting properties. One of them is related with the coherence between the nanoor microscopic domain of individual optical primitives and the properties of visually perceived images crated by these structures in the macro domain. This paper presents theoretical analysis of the phyllotactic arrangement in the referred context. Different approaches enabling the creation of diffractive optically variable images are proposed. The practical part of the presented work deals with the nano patterning of such structures using two different types of the e-beam pattern generators. One of them is a system with a variable shaped beam of electrons, while the other one is a system with a Gaussian-shaped beam. E-beam writing strategies and the use of inherent spiral patterns for exposure ordering and partitioning are also discussed.
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Magnetic phase transition in spatially confined structures
Schánilec, Vojtěch ; Urbánek, Michal (referee) ; Uhlíř, Vojtěch (advisor)
FeRh thin films feature unique characteristics due to the first-order phase transition from the antiferromagnetic order to the ferromagnetic order. The phase transition in FeRh can be driven by external parameters such as temperature and magnetic field. At zero magnetic field, the transition occurs approximately at 360 K, which is convenient for applications. The thesis focuses on the phase transition in spatially confined FeRh structures. The theoretical part contains literature review on the FeRh phase transition and the possibilities to control it using different substrates and spatial confinement, which has significant impact on the symmetry of the transition upon cooling and heating. The experimental part describes the design and realization of a heater module compatible with a Magnetic Force Microscope (MFM). MFM was used to image the nucleation states and ferromagnetic domain grwoth in FeRh structures.
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Growth of metastable fcc Fe thin films on Cu/Si(100) substrates
Horký, Michal ; Cháb, Vladimír (referee) ; Urbánek, Michal (advisor)
This diploma thesis deals with the preparation of epitaxially grown metastable paramagnetic Fe films alloyed by Ni on Cu/Si(100) substrates at RT. Molecular beam epitaxy of Cu(100) buffer layer was performed on H-Si(100) native SiO2 free samples treated by etching in HF or thermal treatment. The epitaxially grown Cu layers with thickness ranging from 50 up to 130 nm serves as suitable substrate for the deposition of 44-ML-thick paramagnetic Fe78Ni22. The film growth was taking place in CO atmosphere and as well as Ni it led to paramagnetic film stabilization. The structural and magnetic ion-beam-induced transformation of desired Fe-Ni structure was performed and propeties of irradiated films were characterized afterwards by MOKE. Then some specific patterns on Si(100) by e-beam litography were fabricated and they served as suitable matrix for Cu(100) buffer layer and paramagnetic Fe. Prepared Si(100), globally and locally deposited metal films were examined by LEED, XPS, AFM, AES, SEM a STM. The recorded results showed the possibility of paramagnetic films preparation on H-Si(100) where it was possible to make ferromagnetic patterns on paramagnetic background by irradiation of specific ion dose.
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Design of Experiments - Fractional Factorial Designs
URBÁNEK, Milan
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to show the issue of full factorial designs and fractional factorial designs and their economical use. First part of the thesis is focused on the explanation of design of experiments and sets basic mathematical and statistical methods which are used in the design of experiments. Next there are shown quality management methods which are using the design of experiment as one of theirs tools. In the second part of the thesis, the practical part, are constructed the full factorial design, half factorial design and saturated design for the model case. These designs are processed in the statistical software R. Results of these designs are compared in the end of the practical part. This comparison indicates that if we use right methods we can get near the same results from the fractional factorial designs as from the full factorial designs. Therefore we can reduce costs if we construct fractional factorial design which will need only a fraction of experiments that would the full factorial design need.
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Business Plan
Urbánek, Michal ; Mezera, David (referee) ; Rosenberg, Jan (advisor)
Bachelor thesis deals with aspects of setting up a wholesale company which focuses on the import of two-wheeled electric vehicles from People’s Republic of China. Analysis of general environment, external environment and internal analysis were used as a source for the proposed solution. The proposal itself consists of financial evaluation and marketing core that can be further developed in marketing plan.
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Sample projects for operator panels
Urbánek, Matouš ; Šír, Michal (referee) ; Zezulka, František (advisor)
In this bachelor’s thesis will learn about the development of exemplary projects that are designed with fixed functionality for operator panels SIEMENS (BASIC, COMFORT, RT). For this task, I have a development environment TIA portal that brings together many software tools and programs. With which allowed me to create code for specific hardware, and communication with him, or in simulation mode to test the behavior of the application in a real environment. Code, on the PLC is required for the platform (PLC) S7-1200. It is modern and provides flexibility in making out our needs in automatik. The task is engaged, firstly synchronization solution PLC and HMI operator panel. Secondly resipes in these panels.
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Random number generator based on magnetic nanostructures
Jíra, Roman ; Burda, Karel (referee) ; Urbánek, Michal (advisor)
Random number generation can be based on physical events with probabilistic character, or on algorithms that use complex or one-way functions, alternatively on both of these approaches. A magnetic vortex is a basic state of magnetization that forms in magnetic micro- and nanostructures of an appropriate shape, dimensions and material. Quantities of the magnetic vortex form randomly if ambient conditions are chosen eligibly. A concept of a true random number generator using a random switching of states of the magnetic vortex is presented in this thesis. This concept is realized and random numbers were experimentally generated and numbers were statistically analysed.
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Vectorial Kerr magnetometry
Flajšman, Lukáš ; Veis,, Martin (referee) ; Urbánek, Michal (advisor)
Increased complexity of novel magnetic materials in the last decade has placed high demands on the manufacturing process as well as on the characterization. One of the possibilities for characterization of magnetic samples is to exploit the magneto-optical effects. The presented work uses the magneto-optical Kerr effect as a major characterization technique to probe the magnetic properties of samples. We have developed a mathematical model describing the effect of the magnetization on the polarized light and present an apparatus capable of measuring the response given by the light-matter interaction. The experimental results show the performance of the apparatus on the various magnetic systems including meta-stable iron layers, Stoner-Wohlfarth particles and magnetic vortices. The scanning vectorial Kerr magnetometer allowed us to probe the vector of magnetization with diffraction limited resolution below 500 nm.
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Spin vortex states in magnetostaticaly coupled magnetic nanodisks
Vaňatka, Marek ; Hrabec, Aleš (referee) ; Urbánek, Michal (advisor)
Magnetic vortices in ferromagnetic disks are curling magnetization structures characterized by the sense of the spin circulation in the plane of the disk and by the direction of the magnetization in the vortex core. Concepts of memory devices using the magnetic vortices as multibit memory cells have been presented, which brought the high demand for their research in many physical aspects. This work investigates the magnetostatic coupling in pairs of ferromagnetic disks to clarify the influence of nearby disks or other magnetic structures to the vortex nucleation mechanism. To ensure that the vortex nucleation is influenced only by the neighbouring magnetic structures, the randomness of the nucleation process was studied in single disks prior to the work on pairs of disks. We had to ensure that the vortex nucleation is influenced only by the neighbouring magnetic structures and not by an unwanted geometrical asymmetry in the studied disk. Lithographic capabilities were inspected in order to achieve the best possible geometry. Further we present a concept of electrical readout of the spin circulation using the anisotropic magnetoresistance, which allows automated measurements to provide sufficient statistics. To explain the magnetoresistance behaviour, numerical calculations together with magnetic force microscopy measurements are presented.
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