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The transformation of the "Sanftes Gesetz" by Stifter from "Studien" to "Der Nachsommer"
Balcarová, Markéta ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
In my thesis, I focused on Adalbert Stifter's concept of nature and explored how he develops it, from his early collection of short stories Studies (Studien) to his later collection Colorful Stones (Bunte Steine) and finally in his novel entitled Indian Summer (Der Nachsommer). I also worked on identifying to what degree it was influenced by "the gentle law" (das sanfte Gesetz) , formulated in the Preface (Vorrede) to Colorful Stones. In my introduction, I attempted a summary of the Biedermeier characteristics present in Stifter's work. In addition, I touched on the traits of previous or emerging literary movements that heavily influenced Stifter, whose work is generally considered as typical of the Biedermeier movement. In order to forge links between "the gentle law" and the prose chosen for analysis, I also addressed the Preface to Colorful Stones, where "the gentle law" is conceptualised. Using the examples "big" (groß), "small" (klein) and "gentle" (sanft), I established that there is already an anticipation of "the gentle law" in Studies and that the principles of "the gentle law" can also be found in his later novel, Indian Summer. The chapter in which I follow the development of Stifter's nature concept constitutes the principal part of my thesis. I distinguish between five concepts of nature, so as...
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The Austrian avant-garde literature in the 1960' on the examples of Peter Handke and Wolfgang Bauer
Stejskal, Zdeněk ; Zbytovský, Štěpán (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
Austrian avant-garde literature is nowadays considered an integral part of German literary history. Focusing on the avant-garde's early stage of the 1960s, the thesis seeks to look into (a) the conditions which gave rise to the progressive literature in the Austria of that time, and (b) its concrete manifestations in the works of the young authors. The opening part explains the origins of such a radical approach to form and content across literary genres. After 1945, Austrian culture and arts did not face the uncertain choice of literature in Germany, where another parting of the ways came in 1947, with the fundamentally different approaches between the West and the East. In Austria the initial debate was more efficient: the official policies clearly aimed at re-establishment of the modern and stable values as presented by the Austrian interwar great story-tellers such as Robert Musil and Hermann Broch. These efforts, however, were soon to become counterproductive. The conservative, and cumbersomely obsolete policies of the grand coalition between the social democratic SPÖ party and the newly established ÖVP party failed to provide fertile land for young authors, who grew up in the 1960s. It was these authors in particular who felt that the cultural and political atmosphere was extremely rigid, and that the...
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Early works of Libuše Moníková as a reflection of the collective mamory
Hájková, Markéta ; Rösch, Gertrud Maria (advisor) ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee)
The work deals with the reflection of collective memory in the early works of Libuše Moníková. The second chapter presents German writer of Czech origin Libuše Moníková, her way into writerhood and the possibilities to classify her works into exile and migration literature. The third chapter describes the concepts of collective memory: the concept of collective memory introduced by Maurice Halbwachs, the later conception of communicative and cultural memory developed by Jan Assmann and the project "places of memory" created by Pierre Nora. The fourth chapter consists of analyses of two first novels of Libuše Moníková "Eine Schädigung" (1981) und "Pavane für eine verstorbene Infantin" (1983) applying the theoretic concepts. On the one hand the results of the analyses showes, that all three concepts of collective memory are mirrored in the early works of Libuše Moníková. On the other hand the analysis demonstrates that both elements of the specific Czech collective memory and elements which the Czechs share with other European nations are represented in these texts. To the first elements belong for example the mythical princess Libussa, Vyšehrad, Hussitism or the National Revival, to the second for instance the events connected with the year 1968. Collective memory is in the texts reflected by means of...
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Rahel Levin Varnhagen - a significant female personage in the beginning of the 19th century in Berlin
Ondráčková, Hana ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
This graduate thesis is about Rahel Levin Varnhagen, a distinguished woman living at the turn of the 18th to 19th centuries. The work is divided into three parts: the first attempts to capture the nature of the political and social environment in Prussia and to underscore the circumstances which contributed to the evolution of this German state into one of the dominant European powers while enabling arts and culture to flourish. Special attention is given to the situation of Jewish people in the midst of a Christian society while gradually penetrating the literary world. The final chapter summarizes the role of culture and society in the capital city of Prussia, Berlin, which was evolving into a major European capital. The second part examines the phenomenon of salon culture. The evolution of this culture is described with special emphasis on Rahel (Levin) Varnhagen's salon. At the same time a critical evaluation of this cultural phenomenon is attempted, a phenomenon often idealized as an environment in which all participants were equal, regardless of belief, origin or gender. The third part is dedicated to the subject "Rahel Levin Varnhagen in the context of German Romanticism" and concerns itself with the current state of research about this personality. Previous studies emphasized the social and...
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The comicality in Johann Nepomuk Nestroy's Der Talisman
Machaňová, Sanda ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
The satiric farce "Talisman" testifies to the characteristic view of Johann Nestroy which considers people as nothing but mere fools of destiny. Everything stems from the prejudice against red hair. In the course of the entire analysis, we discover that the true nature of the individual is revealed by the way he speaks. The narrow-mindedness, superior intelligence, artificial manner of conduct and other characteristics then become apparent. The symbolic meaning of the characters' names were not chosen randomly as can be drawn from the text passages themselves. The names are also related to the way in which the individual characters speak. The development of the main character "Titus Feuerfuchs" can also be traced. The virtuosity and subtlety of Nestroy's language are clearly displayed in "Talisman". The comical nature of the piece stems from various plot developments which ultimately result in slapstick. The reader must be alert to double meanings for some expressions in order to discover all of Nestroy's sophisticated language riddles. We have become convinced that the rhetorical construction of certain statements is of particular relevance for the playful and multifaceted treatment of the various stylistic levels.
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Camill Hoffmann. A biography
Polák, Pavel ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
Tato pnice se zabyva zivotem Camilla Hoffmanna, basnika, prekladatele, novinare a eeskoslovenskeho diplomata. Narodil se v zidovske rodine ve stredocesk6n KoHne. Jeho materstinou byla nemeina, ale stejne tak dobre hovofil i eesky. Stredni skolu vystudoval v Praze, kde se stal clenem skupiny basnfku, uskupenych kolem easopisu laro, ktery vydaval Paul Leppin. "Jarni generace", jak byla tato skupina pozdeji nazvana, je razena k novoromantikum. Zaeatkem 20. stoleti odchazi Hoffmann do Vidne, kde zaeina pracovat jako redaktor denfku Zeit. Ve Vidni se spratelil se Stefanem Zweigem, spoleene s nim p~elozil Baudelairovou sbirku bis!1i Kvety z!a. V pozici redakta[aliteraml rubriky je neustale v kontaktu s rakouskymi, respektive stredoevropskymi spisovateli, kupfikladu s Arthurem Schnitzlerem, Marii von Eschenbach nebo Detlevem von Liliencronem. Na doporueeni Maxe Broda nechal Hoffmann otisknout basen tehdy jeste neznameho Franze Werfela. V roce 1912 se Hoffmann stehuje do Drazd'an, kde nastupuje misto vedouciho kulturni rubriky Dresdner Neuesten Nachrichten. V jeho byte v Hellerau jej navstevuji mladi expresioniste. Po vypuknuti prvni svetove valky je Hoffmann prohlasen jako nepostradateiny pro fungovani novin, a nemusi tudiz narukovat. Valku preekal v Drazd'anech. V revoluenich Ietech 1918/19 Hoffmann podporoval...
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Lux in tenebris. Allegory and allegorical structures in Grimmelshausen's Abentheurlichem Simplicissimus Teutsch
Maroszová, Jana ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
Grimmelshausenuv Dobrodruzny Simplicius Simplicissimus vydany v roce 1668 (s datem 1669) se do kanonu svetove literatury zapsal jako pikareskni roman. Jednim z duvodu, proc tato kniha dokaze oslovit ctenare i po vice nez 300 letech od sveho vzniku, je bezpochyby obdivuhodna vYznamova hloubka a dejova pest rost dfla, jez u ctenare muze navodit dojem neprebernosti a mnohoznacnosti autorem pouzitych prvku. Tato diplomova prace se zabyva kompozicnimi principy uplatnujicfmi se v teto knize. I kdyz se v dnesni dobe v praxi jiz mnohdy osvedcila uzitecnost pristupu naratologickeho, k nemuz vytvoril predevsim G. Genette prakticke instrumentarium, a tento pristup by se mohl nabizet i zde, ma prace se od nej vedome odklanf. Po strucne zmfnce starsfch pokusu 0 uchopeni domnele tektonicke struktury Simplicissima a nastinu nejdulezitejsich tendenci vyzkumu v nazfranf tohoto dfla byla formulovana zdejsf vYchozf pozice. Hlavnf vychodisko spocfvalo v uvaze, ze metoda analyzy by se mela prizpusobit zkoumanemu, ne naopak. Vlastni cetba Grimmelshausenova romanu jakoz i vysledky stavajicfch studif k Simplicissimovi me dale utvrdily v nazoru, ze bude potreba zamerit se ani ne tak na veliciny typu "vypravec", "pasmo postav", "perspektiva vypraveni", jako spise na alegorii a postupy produkce i recepce s ni v baroku spojene. Za...
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Werner Schwabs adaptation of Arthur Schnitzler's "Reigen"
Nekut, Štěpán ; Tvrdík, Milan (referee) ; Stromšík, Jiří (advisor)
Tato diplomova proce se zabyYo srovnonfm dvou dialogovych cyklu: Reigen Arthura Schnitzlera a DER REIZENDE REIGEN nach dem Reigen des REIZENDEN HERRN ARTHUR SeHN/TZLER Wernera Schwaba. Jak je patrne jiz z titulu, jedno se v pffpade Schwaba o adaptaci Schnitzlerovy predlohy, ktero, stejne jako vetSina jeho deI, vyvolala u rakouske verejnosti konce minuleho stoletf sveho easu vlnu nadsenf i nevole. Prinejmensfm stejny rozruch vyvolal 0 temer sto let pozdeji raketovy nostup Wernera Schwaba na nemeckou a pozdeji i mezinorodnf divadelnf scenu. Proce je rozdelena do dvou hlavnfch celku. PNnf z nich se venuje Arthurovi Schnitzlerovi a jeho Reigen. Abychom lepe pochopili autorovu tvorbu i samotne dOo, venuje se uvodnf kapitola teto eosti autorovu zivotu. Vylfeenf historickeho pozadf a atmosfery poslednfch desetiletf 19. stoletf se vsemi politickymL duchovnfmi a sociolnfmi specifiky, ktero na Schnitzlera pusobila, nom umoznuje sledovat vyYoj jeho osobnosti od raneho detstvf. T ato kapitola mapuje jeho cestu zivotem od utleho mlodf pres gymnozium a studium medicfny az k zojmu 0 psychologii a psychoanalyzu, jez se pozdeji staly neodmyslitelnou soueostf vykreslenf hrdinu jeho her. Autoruv zivot i dOo nejvfce ovlivnili osobnost otce a prostredf celkove liberal ne a kulturne zalozene rodiny, dobove pffznaeno nerozhodnost...
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Thomas Brussig and the literature of the time of change ("Wendezeit")
Jahodová, Miroslava ; Stromšík, Jiří (referee) ; Tvrdík, Milan (advisor)
Cílem mé diplomové práce bylo charakterizovat dílo spisovatele Thomase Brussiga. Analyzovala jsem autorovu prózu vzniklou v rozmezí let 1989-1995, a to nejen v souvislosti s jeho životem, ale také v kontextu doby, v níž díla vznikla. Historické pozadí se jeví pro Brussigovu tvorbu jako zásadní a pochopení některých dobových souvislostí je základním předpokladem pro pochopení celého autorova díla. Doba je totiž nejen pozadím popisovaných příběhů - její kritika, ba dokonce pouhá charakteristika se stávají tématem Brussigových knih. Pro literární vědu je zajímavým příkladem zúčtování s kontroverzní spisovatelkou Christou Wolfovou, jejíž povídka Was bleibt1 vyvolala bouřlivé reakce osobností německé kulturní sféry. V románu Helden wie l-Fir 2 Brussig tuto autorku podrobuje zdrcující kritice, a to kritice sice ne vždy zcela přímé, ale přesto naprosto jednoznačné. Ve snaze o zachycení důvodů a okolností, které s touto kritikou souvisejí, jsem do své práce zařadila stručnou charakteristiku literárních a historických diskuzí, jež jsou důkazem neklidné atmosféry postsocialistického Německa, stejně jako Německa znovusjednoceného. Důležitou součástí teoretické části práce je přehled některých děl, která vznikla po roce 1989 a která dokumentují vývoj prózy, poezie a dramatu v době politických změn. Pokouším se...
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