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Trends in sulphur and nitrogen occult deposition across the Northern Hemisphere
Švorc, Daniel ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Stráník, Vojtěch (referee)
The aim of my bachelor thesis is to collect data of concentrations and depositions of sulfur and nitrogen from occult precipitation, using the research of available scientific publications. Through atmospheric deposition are pollutants from air transported into other environmental spheres. It has two main components: dry (which takes place mainly by gravitational processes and its ongoing) and wet (which takes place in the presence of precipitations). Wet component consist of vertical and occult parts, representing the types of precipitations. Establishing total wet deposition encounter a problem in establishing a occult deposition. Problem is, in particular, setting of deposition flux, for which it is necessary to determinate a number of parameters. A considerable part of studies, therefore, do not examine the deposition itself, because of complexity of assessment, but examines chemical composition of fog, low clouds and rime, which is proportionally related to values of occult deposition. Most studies were examining from occult precipitation a fog, especially at higher altitudes, where due to the more frequent occurrence, significant contribute to the total atmospheric wet deposition. Occult precipitations are in longer contact with vegetation, and unlike the rainfall, are surrounded whole leaf,...
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Concentration measurements of surface ozone during the second half of the 19th century
Knappová, Magdaléna ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Stráník, Vojtěch (referee)
Ground level ozone is a substance that significantly accounts for air pollution. The level of ozone was measured at more than 300 places worldwide as early as in the second half of the 19th century. Almost all measurements used Schӧnbein method which is based on a reaction of potassium iodide with ozone. This method is, however, influenced by many factors, most importantly the relative humidity, that must be taken into account to compare earlier and present-day values. The conversion is based on so called Linville graph which indicates the dependency of concentration of ground level ozone on relative humidity. The thesis is concerned with conversion of values of ozone measured in Clementinum in Prague between years 1854-1868. The results indicate that average year values ranged from 4 to 8 ppb. The values were thus almost four times smaller than the present-day ones. The findings are in accord with the recent observations concluding that the level of ozone has been increasing.
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Air quality index - a tool for ambient air quality assessment
Stráník, Vojtěch ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Matějíček, Luboš (referee)
7 Abstract Air pollution has a great impact on human health, with acute consequences possibly resulting even in death. It is therefore important to inform the public about up-to-date air quality and its impact on health in a simple and easily undestandable way. Air quality indices seems to be ideal for this purpouse, but there is large variety of them. In this master thesis, the air quality index most suitable for the capital city of Prague has been searched for. A comparison of the following indices has been carried out based on available data: of following indicies based on avaible data (concentration of O3, PM10, NO2, SO2 a CO): Air Quality Index, Aggregate Air Quality Index, Revised Air Quality Index, Common Air Quality Index a Pollution Index and their modifications according to european standards. As a criterion of aptness of a particular index, a degree of correlation between the index itself and corresponding health problems (daily count of deaths, daily count of deaths caused by diseases of the respiratory system, daily count of deaths caused by diseases of circulatory system, daily count of hospitalization caused by diseases of the respiratory system, daily count of hospitalization caused by diseases of circulatory system) of the local population has been chosen. This relationship was verified...
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Mapping of biomass flows in a selected region using GIS
Stráník, Vojtěch ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Brůna, Josef (referee)
This literal review provides a summary of available instruments used for plannig waste collection comming from urban green mainintence. At first it describes methods of remote sensing suitable for mapping urban green areas, then various technologies applied for estimation of biomass production at this places. Solutions of waste collection comes from several papers, that tried to solve this problem using geographic information system (GIS). The following chapter evaluates different features of this waste in purpose of its next use. The last part compares theoretical knowledge, with how it works in real life. Key words: urban green, remote sensing, geographic information system, waste collection
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