National Repository of Grey Literature 30 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Anatomy of the human uterus vascular supply with respect to uterus transplantation
Křístek, Jakub ; Froněk, Jiří (advisor) ; Turyna, Radovan (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Anatomy of the human uterus vascular supply with respect to uterus transplantation Abstract This dissertation thesis deals with the blood supply of the human uterus and its relevance to uterus transplantation. The first section summarizes what is commonly known of the anatomy of the arterial and venous uterine blood supply including collaterals. It also quotes a few classical anatomical texts, illustrates the transplantation technique, and the pros and cons of utilizing uterine grafts from living and deceased donors. The second section deals with nine publications, the first of which aimed to verify the existence of ipsilateral and contralateral arterial anastomoses. Both types were verified in all specimens (9/9). The second publication analysed two cases of graft thrombosis. The first was brought about through narrowing of the uterine artery, while the other was caused by compression from hematoma. Thrombectomy was unsuccessful in both cases. The third publication compared the utility of CT to that of MR angiography for evaluating uterine vessel quality. These two methods are complementary. The study presents a new radiological classification system suggested to assess uterine vessels. Another publication reports the interim results of a Czech uterus transplant study. Another study presents a uterus...
Vasa vasorum of the coronary arteries in an animal heart model
Patzelt, Matěj ; Stingl, Josef (advisor) ; Laichman, Stanislav (referee) ; Slížová, Dáša (referee)
The vasa vasorum of the coronary arteries is a system of tiny vessels that nourish the wall of the coronary arteries. Recently, the vasa vasorum has been attributed importance in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis, necrosis of the tunica media, or in excessive healing of the intima after stenting. The vasa vasorum system is described in detail on pathologically altered hearts, however, studies that would deal with a detailed description on a healthy human heart or on its animal model are minimal. The aim of the dissertation was to describe the structure and origin of the vasa vasorum of the coronary arteries on an animal model of the heart of a pig, to describe the history of the term vasa vasorum and possibly to describe secondary findings on the examined samples. A total of 36 healthy pig hearts were used in the study. Part of them was injected with India ink through the ostium of the coronary arteries and subsequently histologically processed, other hearts were directly fixed in toto in formalin and histologically processed, the remaining part of the hearts was injected through the ostium of the coronary arteries with mercox resin and then corrosive casts of the coronary arteries were created. These samples were evaluated using a scanning electron microscope. Histological processing of the...
Cranial morphology and variability of the craniovascular system.
Eisová, Stanislava ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Heuzé, Yann (referee)
Introduction: The craniovascular system is part of the vascular network of the head, and includes the middle meningeal vessels (arteria meningea media and vena meningea media; MMV), dural venous sinuses (sinus durae matris; DVS), emissary veins (venae emissariae; EV) and diploic veins (venae diploicae; DV). These vasculatures leave marks in the skull in form of imprints on the inner surface of cranial vault bones (MMV, DVS), channels within the bone diploe of cranial vault bones (DV), and cranial foramina (EV). Craniovascular traits can be studied in osteological samples, and thus provide an opportunity to investigate the physiological processes associated with blood circulation in past populations. Craniovascular features can also supply information about evolutionary adaptations, inter- and intra-population differences, and individual life history. Moreover, a knowledge of the anatomical variants can be useful in medicine and surgical practice. Objectives: The aim of this thesis was to specify a methodological approach for the measurement and evaluation of craniovascular traits, and then to analyse the morphological variability of the craniovascular system in adult individuals with normal cranial anatomy from several different populations with regards to the cranial size, sex, and age. Then,...
Clinical Anatomy of the Arteries of the Trumb and the First Web Space
Miletín, Jakub ; Kachlík, David (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Měšťák, Ondřej (referee)
The thumb is absolutely essential for the flawless function of the hand, and the loss of the structure or function of the thumb almost always means a partial or total invalidation of the patient. Thus, salvage and reconstruction of the thumb is one of the foremost topics in hand surgery. Modern conservation and reconstructive procedures of hand surgery require a completely new insight into the knowledge of vascular anatomy. In order for the information to be comprehensible and well communicated, it is necessary to have a sufficiently detailed, clear and, above all, uniform nomenclature. When taking a closer look at the anatomy of the vessels of the hand, it turns out that authors often do not use generally accepted terms or do not agree on the interpretation of the correctly used ones. The above stated facts led us to the conclusion that, although the anatomy of the hand arteries seems to have been well studied and described in the past, there is still considerable room for sorting out the previously described data, revising the nomenclature, completing the missing detailed description of some anatomical variations and assessing the significance and usefulness of individual structures in relation to trauma and reconstructive hand surgery. This work describes in detail the systemic and topographical...
Clinically relevant anatomical variations in the hand and forearm
Kunc, Vojtěch ; Kachlík, David (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Dvořák, Zdeněk (referee)
There is undoubtful importance of the knowledge of anatomical variations during surgical procedures and diagnostic in the upper limb. They can not only confuse surgeon during the surgical approach and lead to iatrogenic damage or be misdiagnosed for pathological conditions, but they might also be used during reconstructive procedures as tendon transfers, nerve grafts or free flaps. It is even hypothesized that superficial anatomical variations might be used to predict the variable course of deeper structure. Many of those hypotheses still need experimental verification as they are often used in clinical practice without proper evidence. Anatomical variability includes all structures such as bones, ligaments, muscles, nerves, vessels as well as superficial palmar creases. Each of these structures might be divided, multiplied or absent; they can differ in their origin, insertion, course, or branching. In some cases even completely accessory bony or muscular structures might be present. The goal of this dissertation is to provide review of the anatomical variability of the hand and forearm with particular interest given to accessory bones around the elbow joint. We proposed their radiological definition, proposed a new classification, and stated their overall prevalence, which is 0.77 % with the most...
Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period
Hrudka, Jan ; Komárek, Stanislav (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Univerzita Karlova v Praze Přírodovědecká fakulta Studijní program: Filosofie a dějiny přírodních věd MUDr. Jan Hrudka Nádory v dějinném a kulturním kontextu v novověku Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period Disertační práce Školitel / Supervisor: Prof. RNDr. Stanislav Komárek, Dr. Praha, 2017 SUMMARY: The PhD thesis called Tumours in historical and social context in the modern period is an attempt to describe a change of medical thinking in modern period; science and medicine turns from antique humoral pathology, explaining all diseases as an imbalance of the four body humours, to pathological anatomy and experimental physiology. In the point of view of pathological anatomy, the viscera of diseased person are no more "screen" or "mirror" of the disease, but it becomes directly the "stage" or "theatre" of the acting disease. This shift in the thought may be labelled as movement from humoralism to localism or ontologism; the disease isn't just abnormal amount of some natural juice any more, but becomes new original entity. This change undergoes the understanding of tumours and cancerous disease as well. Instead of antique understanding tumours as precipitates of black bile, the cell theory occurs in the 19th century. This theory explains tumours as a mass of cells undergoing excessive...
Kinship relationships and morphological features of the human skeleton in genealogically documented osteological assemblages: use in bioarchaeology and forensic anthropology.
Cvrček, Jan ; Velemínský, Petr (advisor) ; Stingl, Josef (referee) ; Beňuš, Radoslav (referee)
The influence of biological relationships on the morphology of the human skeleton is a current theme in bioarchaeology and forensic research. Whether it is the discovery of kinship relationships in an anonymous cemetery or the question of individual identification based on familial similarity, research is limited by a number of factors. Above all, there is the shortage of osteological assemblages with genealogical documentation. Most such samples also include only a small number of individuals, and thus the number of different degrees of their relatedness is limited. Related to this is the lack or absence of methods suitable for either the exact expression of the degree of morphological similarity between individuals or the statistical evaluation of results. However, for this dissertation an opportunity arose to analyze several osteological assemblages with genealogical documentation from the 17th to 20th centuries, comprising almost one hundred individuals. This represents one of the largest such units in the world to date. The individual samples also include several cases of consanguineous marriages with subsequent generations. The aim of the first part of the dissertation is to propose new methodological approaches to expressing the degree of similarity of individuals based on different types of...
Porcine Liver Anatomy Applied in Biomedicine
Mik, Patrik ; Eberlová, Lada (advisor) ; Kachlík, David (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Introduction: This dissertation summarizes our research published in seven articles where we described both the ways of utilization of porcine liver in biomedical research and the basic morphometric parameters of hepatocytes and liver connective tissue useful in experimental surgery followed by liver regeneration experiments. We set off with the description of anatomical concepts of human liver applied to clinical investigation followed by summary of porcine liver morphology with special stress on its potential clinical utilization. The studies in experimental surgery followed by liver regeneration where the porcine liver model proved its utility, reveals that the distribution of portal blood to the liver parenchyma, the number and the volume of mononuclear and binuclear hepatocytes, and the amount and the distribution of liver connective tissue being among the most useful ones. Methods: For the mapping of portal vein branching we used µCT scans of porcine liver corrosion casts, and both the quantitative parameters of the hepatocytes and of the connective tissue were evaluated on systematic uniform random paraffin-embedded samples that were harvested from three different regions of interest (ROI) of liver parenchyma (peripheral, paracaval and paraportal). For the quantification, we followed...
Morphology of the Proximal Human Femur in Relation to Fractures of Trochanteric Massif
Báča, Václav ; Stingl, Josef (advisor) ; Koudela, Karel (referee) ; Chomiak, Jiří (referee) ; Laichman, Stanislav (referee)
AIM: Fractures of proximal end, especially fractures of trochanteric massif are very common particularly in old patients. The aim of the work was to try to find a morphological correlate of trochanteric fractures in the region of proximal end of the human femur. It means to find if a "locus minoris resistentiae" for trochanteric fractures origin exists. METHOD: The detailed overview of literature on femur as a bone, classification of trochanteric fractures and treatment of proximal end of the femur was accomplished (sources from medieval books to recent anatomical and clinical studies). Czech and Latin terminological aspect (Terminologia anatomica 1998) of the femur as well as their development were carefully studied. 40 femurs from embalmed bodies with muscles and ligaments were studied by detailed dissection. 99 X-ray pictures of pertrochanteric fractures were checked. 106 dry femurs from the vascular canal distribution point of view were evaluated and compared with previous group of X-rays. Statistic evaluation of normal distribution according to Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test and Liliefors's modification was made in 15 regions of trochanteric massif. 20 dry femurs according to Heřt, Fiala and Petrtýl's method were repeatedly ground to depict the central vascular canals and to describe the course of osteons...
Architecture in the dorsal venous system of fingers in relation to replantation
Sukop, Andrej ; Dušková, Markéta (advisor) ; Válka, Jan (referee) ; Veselý, Jiří (referee) ; Stingl, Josef (referee)
Aim 1. In the experimental section to supplement and clarify the topographic anatomy of the venous finger, especially tran and lumen of blood vessels in different anatomic levels, including microscopic and histological verification finger vein system. 2. In clinical practice, develop a methodology to giving adequate venous drainage during revascularization and replantation of the finger parts in different levels depending on anatomy blood supply so that the result was easier to determine strategy operating procedures and increase the success of the performance. 3. Check a functional state of venous anastomoses after finger at different time intervals in correction of other performances on the fingers.

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