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Strategic communications in the conditions of information warfare between Russia nad Ukraine
Storchak, Yelyzaveta ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Konrádová, Marcela (referee)
The thesis "Strategic Communications in the Information War between Russia and Ukraine" explores the complex relations between the two countries, focusing on the interaction of strategic communications and information warfare. The theoretical part presents a brief analysis of the main scientific publications, which introduces the reader to the concepts of hybrid warfare, information warfare as its component, and methods of information warfare. This part also defines the concept of strategic communications and strategic narrative. The practical part of the work is presented in the form of a case study, which aims to identify and analyze different narratives used by Russia and Ukraine to describe the events of the first week of the invasion (24.02.22 - 03.03.22) using a selected news portal of the country (Russia and Ukraine). The conclusion is that Ukraine and Russia use both different and similar methods of information warfare and a large number of narratives, thus forming different perceptions of reality among the people of the country. Keywords Information warfare, strategic communication, strategic narrative, Ukraine, Russia, war in Ukraine
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Russia's "Foreign Agent" Law: the Implications for Non-state Media and Journalists
Repenko, Veronika ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Miessler, Jan (referee)
Tato práce zkoumá aplikaci legislativy Ruska o "cizích agentech" na nevládní mediální organizace a novináře během poslední dekády. Zákon byl přijat a několikrát rozšířen v průběhu trvalého zpřísnění politiky Kremlu vůči zahraničním zemím a vnitřní opozici. Cíle této práce jsou (1) zjistit, jak označení "cizí agent" ovlivňuje profesionální autonomii novinářů a mediálních společností, a (2) jak tyto subjekty transformují své pracovní postupy, aby mohly nadále pracovat pod tlakem tohoto označení. K provedení výzkumu byla zvolena metoda polostrukturovaného hloubkového rozhovoru. S integrací důkazů z přehledu literatury, mediálních zdrojů a odpovědí respondentů tato studie ukazuje, že legislativa o "cizích agentech" je Kremlu využívána jako sofistikovaný nástroj kontroly nad těmi, kteří jsou považováni za "nežádoucí" nebo nebezpeční. Mediální společnosti a novináři označení jako "cizí agenti" čelí finančním obtížím, problémům při získávání informací od zpravodajských zdrojů a dalším obtížím. Musí splňovat vyčerpávající požadavky zákona, fungovat pod hrozbou pokut a trestních obvinění, emigrovat nebo jednoduše zavřít. Celkově respondenti popisují legislativu o "cizích agencích" jako diskriminační. Nicméně práce ukazuje, že se zdají dělat maximum pro to, aby mohli nadále pracovat nezávisle i v této...
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Self-presentation strategies of political candidates in the Czech presidential campaign 2023
Balážová, Zuzana ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Konrádová, Marcela (referee)
The bachelor thesis examines the role of visual communication in politics and the formation of self-presentation strategies of selected candidates during the Czech presidential elections in 2023. The theoretical part of the thesis introduces visual political communication, cognitive processing of images and the formation of political image through visual frames and relevant dimensions. The analytical part of the thesis uses quantitative and qualitative content analysis to explore the self-presentation strategies of candidates Petr Pavel, Andrej Babiš, Danuša Nerudová and Pavel Fischer on Instagram. The aim of the study was to find out how the selected political candidates used the social media Instagram for self-presentation and which visual frames they emphasized. An analysis of 1,371 Instagram posts of the selected candidates reveals a preference for the ideal candidate frame over the populist candidate frame. The analysis equally reveals gender differences in the use of the dimensions of compassion. The work further explores users' interactions with different visual frames and dimensions, and slight differences in the number of interactions are noted.
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Negative Campaigns in Political Marketing during Presidential Election in Slovakia in 2014
Vojnová, Lenka ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Klimeš, David (referee)
This thesis focuses on the usage of negative campaigns in political marketing during presidential election in Slovakia in 2014. It provides information from theoretical background of this specific style of communication followed by its application to contemporary public events. In theoretical part descriptive analysis method is used. In practical is applied comparative method is applied. Two subjects under same conditions are compared and according to set criteria, which in this case are tools of marketing communication with emphasis on negative campaigns. At the end using synthesis I summarize and evaluate the thesis according to the objectives set in the introduction. The aim of this thesis is to analyze the communication of presidential candidates Robert Fico and Andrej Kiska during election campaign in Slovakia in 2014. I compare their positioning and exploitation of communication tools during campaign. The main emphasis is given on the comparison of video communication and their activities on social media sites. The asset of this thesis rests in analysis of negative campaigns that are important issue in current development of political marketing and it also provides an overview of the usage of communication tools by presidential candidates.
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Campaign of the company Veolia Voda "Čerstvá kohoutková? Stačí říct!"
Jindrová, Eliška ; Hejlová, Denisa (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis Campaign of the company Veolia Voda "Čerstvá kohoutková? Stačí říct!" presents an analysis of a campaign focused on promotion of tap water supply in restaurants. The aim is to present communication activities and creative processing of the project and also to show the perception of the campaign from the point of view of the proprietors of Prague gastronomical enterprises participating in the project based on a survey. The emphasis is put mainly on description of the marketing and communication mix, performed by the descriptive method. Connection between the topic of tap water promotion and the consumption of bottled water and other ecological problems in relation to obtaining drinking water are also mentioned, as is the situation of the tap water usage in restaurants in foreign countries. Media coverage of the campaign is also included in the thesis, followed by a final evaluation.
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Targeting and positioning in a presidential election campaign of Petr Pavel - young voters generation
Dejmková, Tereza ; Konrádová, Marcela (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with targeting and positioning of the presidential election campaign of Petr Pavel and focuses mainly on addressing the youngest generation of voters, Generation Z. The 2023 presidential election was different in several ways, but one of them was, for example, the targeting of some candidates to Generation Z. The generation currently includes the majority of voters who participated in the presidential election for the first time, and who may also have followed it more closely for the first time. The aim of this thesis is therefore to find out to what extent the targeting and positioning of the campaign was adapted to Generation Z in the development of the strategy, and also to find out whether Petr Pavel was able to reach this target group through the campaign and through which steps he achieved this. The theoretical part of the thesis first describes and defines the tools of political marketing, characterizes Generation Z and the specifics of their voting behaviour. In the practical part of the thesis, the aforementioned tools of political marketing are applied to the campaign of Petr Pavel. The information for this part of the thesis was obtained from a personal interview with the marketing director of the Petr Pavel campaign, Martin Klčo, conducted by the author of the...
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Comparative analysis of differences between western and eastern news outlets reporting on the Russian invasion of Ukraine
Neumann, Jakub ; Koblovský, Petr (advisor) ; Shavit, Anna (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the analysis of the rhetoric of the Izvestia media in response to the Russian invasion of Ukraine. Based on a careful examination and critical analysis of the articles examined, this bachelor's thesis compares and contrasts the ways in which Western and Eastern media outlets have dealt with this conflict, especially in light of their news interests and propaganda. It then goes on to map which narratives the Izvestia media use and which are most common in their articles. The results show the frequent use of false or misleading claims by the news outlet Izvestia. They also show the different portrayal of reality between Western and Eastern media in specific analyzed articles.
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Echoing political ideologies? A Critical Discourse Analysis of the 'Os Pingos nos Is' Coverage during the 2022 Brazilian Elections
Campolina Rebello Guerrero, Daniela ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
The importance of ideology and political discourse in driving voting behavior in democratic societies has become a central concern in research. In this context, journalism plays a critical role in how electoral information and ideological positions are disseminated and shape public opinion. Given polarization tendencies in countries like Brazil which undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process, the role of journalism in democratic societies has been increasingly put into question. Especially during political elections, where people rely on information to make informed decisions, the discursive power of journalistic content holds the potential to affect people's voting choices. This thesis, therefore, aims to investigate the ideological positions conveyed in Jovem Pan's show 'Os Pingos nos Is' during Brazil's 2022 presidential runoff campaign. The research adopts a qualitative approach and uses Critical Discourse Analysis (CDA) to analyze five selected videos from the show on YouTube, focusing on the dominant discourses and themes. The study reveals that the show took a pro- Bolsonaro stance, displaying strong ideological polarization. The discourse featured beliefs in electoral fraud and attempted to undermine the legitimacy of the electoral process by verbally attacking Brazilian...
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Anonymous Private Party Funding in Denmark: How do journalists cover this issue?
Merved, August Kaae ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Turková, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis intends to examine the amount- and reasons for the news coverage related to the controversial party funding system in Denmark. This is achieved through comparisons of other political cases during the Danish 2022 and 2019 elections in a quantitative media analysis. The results are then analyzed and discussed using the data from eight interviewed Danish journalists working on some of the seven most prominent Danish media outlets. These qualitative interview data provide insights into reasons, motives, and causes for the fluctuation and difference in the coverage between the other observed and analyzed political cases in the past two elections. The findings show that the journalists deem party funding a complex and technical subject, but still, a subject deemed important to cover by journalists. However, in a fast-paced news agenda, the non-transparent party funding is covered less in comparison with news topics or cases during elections that are more emotionally charged and personalized, or topics that can provide a more direct influence on society, according to the qualitative data - as opposed to the more complex cases of political funding.
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"These are citizens of our country. We are their servants." A case study of Pierre Poilievre as an example of growing Canadian populism within the framework of Cas Mudde's scholarship
Mola-Schmidt, Amelia ; Shavit, Anna (advisor) ; Němcová Tejkalová, Alice (referee)
As scholars who have studied populism in the Canadian context have noted, Canada has previously held a false sense of immunity to the rise of populism due its multiculturalism that was seen as a barrier for the traditional xenophobic and culturally exclusive values of populist politicians in other Western democracies. Forms of populism that have arisen in Canada have taken the form of "neoliberal populism", an ideology rooted in fiscal conservatism and the belief that less government intervention is better. However, the election of Pierre Poilievre as leader of the Federal Conservative party has indicated a shift in the political spectrum, that populism is gaining traction on a mainstream level. As Cas Mudde has written about in his literature on populism, the mainstream media play an active role in shaping the discourse around populists, often giving them more air time due to their sensationalist behaviour that make for viral soundbites. So how has the Canadian media responded to Poilievre, and how does the political alignment of media impact the coverage he gets? This study will seek to answer these questions and provide insights into how the Canadian media may contribute to further political polarisation in society.
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