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Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons
Rešlová, Petra ; Sassòli, Marco (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee)
Meaningful Human Control in Autonomous Weapons ABSTRACT The research on autonomy in robotic systems is flourishing in many areas, but none is deemed as troubling as the development of lethal autonomous weapon systems (LAWS). It raises various compelling questions, legal and ethical ones. Discussions on the potential challenges posed by these emerging technologies highlighted the desirability of a certain level of human control. The notion of meaningful human control (MHC) over LAWS has gained widespread support. However, the principle itself and its requirements are yet to be defined. To this end, this paper analyses the emerging principle of MHC and explores its elements. It aims to clarify questions such as where the principle stems from and how it should be perceived and integrated into State practice. First, the definition and categorisation of LAWS are shortly addressed to provide an introduction to the topic. Second, it is argued that it is necessary to insist on the requirement of MHC, particularly because of technological limitations of current and future technology, such as object recognition and classification, bias, or unpredictability. The arguments stemming from the rules of international humanitarian law (IHL) on the conduct of hostilities are explored, mainly the rules of distinction,...
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