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Seven Corporal Works of Mercy and Seven Deadly Sins in Czech Medieval Arts
Eichlerová, Eliška ; Vymazalová, Marie (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The bachelor's thesis will deal with the theme of the seven-corporal works of mercy and the seven deadly sins in Czech fine art. These opposing themes develop primarily in a middle-class environment, where they were supposed to appeal to the moral life of the middle-class people. The first part of this thesis will discuss the development of the doctrine of the seven deadly sins in the Middle Ages. The variability of approaches to the seven sins will also be revealed by a comparison with the development of the doctrine of the virtues, where it is also possible to show the starting points for the formation of the medieval teaching on the seven-corporal works of mercy. The second part deals with the analysis of individual sins and acts of mercy, their meaning, and the way they are depicted. In the third part, I will also focus on individual examples of the depiction of this iconography in European art, and we will mention a few important works, especially from the High and Late Middle Ages. Following on from European art, the last chapters will focus on individual examples of the seven-corporal works of mercy and the seven deadly sins in the Czech environment, especially in the book painting and monumental mural.
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Westwerk. A contextual analysis of the roots and meaning of the birth of the specific architectural element and its impact on not just carolingian but also later sacral architecture in Europe.
Horáček, Michal ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Macek, Petr (referee)
The essay hereby submitted concerns itself with the genesis of the architectural element generally known in art-historical studies as westwerk/westwork and originating in the Carolingian times of the eigth and ninth centuries. Methodologically the topic is approached from two mutually opposite perspectives. One, in the vein of the Vienna Scool, pays attention to the development of westwerk's form, i.e "from within," while the other favours the view "from outside," and stresses the cultural, political and other influences of the historical time.It also take into account the receptive approach of Ernst Gombrich. The main reason for wfiting this essay, however, is the fact that no special work has as yet been dedicated to the westwerk phenomenon in the Czech environment, aven though its influence on the local architecture was far from negligible.
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Comparison of texts and images of Visitatio Sepulchri in the region of northern Spain and southern France in the Middle Ages
Kuliešiūtė, Indrė ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Jarošová, Markéta (referee)
Bibliografická citace Comparison of texts and images of Visitatio Sepulchri in the region of Northern Spain and Southern France in the Middle Ages [rukopis] : diplomová práce / Indrė Kuliešiūtė; vedoucí práce: Jan Royt. -- Praha, 2023. -- 47 s. Abstract The Bible tells of an event when several women meet one or two angels by the empty Tomb of Christ. Such motive in art is called the Holy Women at the Empty Tomb or sometimes the Three Maries at the Sepulchre. The goal of this thesis is to explore the connection between the images of this motive in the Southern France and Northern Spain to the Easter dialogues and liturgical plays that tell this story. The peculiarity in this region is the gestures of the angel and sometimes of the women: they are depicted in the action of lifting the lid of the sarcophagus to look inside. To my best knowledge, such an arrangement does not occur even once outside of this region. To achieve the goal of the thesis, the artworks and the drama texts from this region were surveyed. The artwork was analyzed, focusing mostly on the gestures of the figures, while the discussion of the drama texts focused mainly on the rubrics, instructing the performers what actions and how they are to carry out. This thesis argues that the greatest variety and originality of the artworks is where...
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Marian image of Beata type in a wide local, time and content view.
Kolářová, Pavlína ; Klípa, Jan (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
Keywords Beata, Madonnas of svatovítský type, Marian images, Madonnas of 15th century, Czech medieval madonnas, Cetral European painting of 14th century, Cetral European painting of 15th century, Svatovítská madona, Replication of images Abstract Even though the preserved collection of a medieval painting is just a fragment of its former amount, we can still observe specific iconographical types, obviously more influential than others. Therefore the question arises, what are the reasons leading to a significant preference of particular types against others and what intention these images were multiplied with? Which role could the religious, iconographical, historical or artistic aspects contained in particular artwork play? One of the most significant example of this multiplication in bohemian medieval painting is iconografical type called Beata, witch - together with its contemporary and similarly extended type Regina -, represent the core of marian images of the whole 15th and the beginning of the 16th century. This thesis aims to present the Beata type in a broad view in both time and thematic sense and attempts to elucidate some conditions of the pictorial multiplication. The key instrument would be comparative analysis of a typological, iconographical and formal aspects, combined with a reflection of...
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Medieval Mural Painting in the Doupov Region. Churches of st. Nicolas and st.Wolfgang in Doupov.
Vrba, Martin ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Ottová, Michaela (referee)
Středověká nástěnná malba na Doupovsku Abstract This thesis focuses on medieval mural paintings in the area of the Doupov Mountains on two examples, church of St. Nicholas in Nepomyšl and destroyed cemetery church of St. Wolfgang in Doupov. Description of both churches contains historical background of its origin and decoration, including donors. Other parts of thesis deal with present condition of paintings, iconographical and iconological analysis as well as inspiration and analogy. In both cases the largest part takes the Christological cycle in the naves. The medieval paintings from two periods were recently uncovered in the church of St. Nicholas in Nepomyšl. The older of them are dated to the second half of 14th century. Remains of them are in the presbytary of the church. The younger are from the beginning of 16th century. They are in the nave and they are influenced by Cranach's graphics of Passion Cycle. The church of St. Wolfgang in Doupov was built at the end of the 14th century; nevertheless the donor of the paintings was Jan Mašťovský of Kolovraty, who died ca. 1527. After the World War II the German inhabitants were moved away and the military area was founded here. The church was not maintained and perished through the time. The paintings are preserved in the form of transfers, which were...
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The sarcophagus of Tomaš Špidlík in Velehrad in the wider spiritual and artistic context of Centro Aletti in Rome.
Šefernová, Marie ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Oulíková, Petra (referee)
This thesis deals with the modern sarcophagus designed for cardinal Tomáš Špidlík SJ (1919- 2010), located in the basilica of the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary and Saints Cyril and Methodius in Velehrad. The sarcophagus was created in the Atelier of Liturgical art of Centro Aletti in Rome in 2010. The main target of the thesis is to put in the creation and emplacement of the masterpiece into the wider spiritual and artistic context. In order to introduce the Centro Aletti's liturgical art, it is important to focus on Špidlik's thoughts about art on theological background. His theological direction and spiritual guidance were a resource for a painter and jesuit Marko Ivan Rupnik (*1954) and Špidlik's disciple and the head of Centro Aletti in Rome. A significant part of the work is focused on the emplacement of the sarcophagus in the basilica of Velehrad, famous for the cult of saints Cyril and Methodius. The main part of the thesis deals with the formal analysis and iconographic interpretation of the topics depicted on the sides of the sarcophagus from a methodological point of view. This also applies to other attached pieces of art as the bronze inscription on the lid by the sculptor Otmar Oliva (*1952) and the panel with Špidlik's motto, which is to be found behind the sarcophagus....
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Crowns of Czech kings and royal crowns in the Middle Ages
Krupková, Klára Anna ; Royt, Jan (advisor) ; Ottová, Michaela (referee)
Crowns of Czech kings and royal crowns in the Middle Ages The bachelor's thesis deals with the topic of important medieval royal crowns, which played a key role in the European field of political and ecclesiastical events in the context of the Holy Roman Empire. The text is divided into three main sections, which focus on the historical and art-historical view of the crowns. In the introduction, a basic typology is differentiated and the idea of symbolism of crowns during the Middle Ages is closely studied. In the main part, the work focuses on selected European crowns, whose artistic tendencies intertwine and thus complement the idea of then high-quality goldsmith's craft style. The aim of the work is also to point out the perception of a crown at that time, considerably exceeding an image of a physical jewel, a symbol of a monarch and manifestation of power of majesty over a reigned territory. For example, in connection with the Lands of the Bohemian Crown under Charles IV Luxembourg the relation between the land and the crown was evident. Due to easily accessible sources, the work pays special attention to crowns of Czech origin, especially the crown of St. Wenceslas. In this context, the chosen topic is extended by chapters discussing coronation orders, coronation rituals, and the worship of...
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Kutná Hora Antiphonary from the prague workshop of Valentine Noh of Jindřichův Hradec
Kořenková, Nikola ; Kubík, Viktor (advisor) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
The goal of this work is a monographic treatment of the Kutná Hora Antiphonary (Prague, NK XXIII A 2) from 1470-1471 in the context of the Prague workshop of Valentine Noh of Jindřichův Hradec. Its creator belongs to the generation of illuminators who helped to integrate, transform and overcome the heritage of the beautiful style tradition. The newly emerging style system significantly influenced book painting of the second half of the 15th century and the early 16th century. The work is based mostly on a combination of formal and iconographic analysis. The outcome of this work should be a refinement of the information on decoration and a summary assessment of the significance of the Kutná Hora Antiphonary for the development of book painting in our territory in the 2nd half of the 15th century and the early 16th century.
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Monastic rules and muses. The Capuchin friars in the service of Art in early Baroque Bohemia
Bartůšková, Alice ; Zlatohlávek, Martin (advisor) ; Šroněk, Michal (referee) ; Royt, Jan (referee)
disertační práce v anglickém jazyce ALICE BARTŮŠKOVÁ MONASTIC RULES AND MUSES. THE CAPUCHIN FRIARS IN THE SERVICE OF THE ART IN EARLY BAROQUE BOHEMIA VEDOUCÍ PRÁCE: DOC. PHDR. MARTIN ZLATOHLÁVEK, PHD. Dissertation entitled Monastic rules and muses. The capuchin friars in the service of the art in early Baroque Bohemia set out for the purpose of research to the neglected theme of the Capuchin brothers - painters on the border between Mannerism and the Baroque era. This phenomenon in painting, which is not only characteristic for the order of the Capuchins, but also of other ecclesiastical orders, has never been more comprehensive. The Capuchin brother Paolo Piazza came to the Czech lands with first capuchin brothers; in his paintings he is inspired of the Venetian school of the 16th century. He was a versatile painter, he created not only painting on canvases, but also made wall paintings and his painting manuscript was not uniformly defined. Paolo Piazza worked in the capuchin monasteries in Prague and Brno during the reign of Rudolph II, for the emperor himself he created several artworks. Piazza's work has also been preserved in the engravings of the Sadeler family. Thanks to these engravings, several Piazza's compositions with a set iconographic type have spread to European fine arts. From the...
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