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Czechoslovak Occultism and its Representatives during the First Republic
Šabek, Jiří ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Čechurová, Jana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis Czechoslovakia Occultism and its Important Representatives during the First Republic copes the theme of modern occultism in context of western esoteric traditions and formation the modern society. It focuses on the methodological issues of new religion movements and secularization, and on the comprehensive typology of occultism. By processing the thesis a special emphasis was given on deeper culture and historical roots, which were the basics of the Czech modern occultism. Firstly there is the evolution and dynamics of individual occult movements in Czech country and subsequently its most important representatives are mentioned. The main concentration is on the directions, which achieved eminent organized forms during the First Republic such as the spiritism, the hermeticism or the mysticism. However other significant directions are also mentioned in the thesis for example the theosophy. Key words: social history, first republic, new religion movements, secularization, modernization, western esotericism, occultism, hermetism, spiritism, mysticism, theosophy, secret societies, religious societies, Universalia, Psyché
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Changes of Czechoslovak Social Law in Years 1945 - 1956
Rákosník, Jakub ; Kuklík, Jan (advisor) ; Vojáček, Ladislav (referee) ; Soukup, Ladislav (referee)
Dissertation: Abstract Jakub Rákosník: Changes of Czechoslovak Social Law in Years 1945 - 1956 The postwar popular democratic regime in Czechoslovakia was based on a strong social consensus which provided opportunity for leading political parties to realize extensive economic and social reforms. It was not only the nationalization of the economy (this task, in the case of large enterprises controlling two thirds of the Czechoslovak labor force, had already been finished before the communist coup d'état in February 1948), but also generous reform of social insurance towards the universal welfare state protecting all citizens and not only those insured. This program was inspired on the one hand by the long domestic tradition of social policy and also by the new postwar British reform made by the program of William Beveridge on the other hand. The dissertation is concerned especially with the analysis of continuity of social law. The structure of the welfare state in particular countries is a considerably lasting matter of fact. Even though the governments of various ideological orientation permanently carry out partial reforms of individual fields of welfare policy, the general range of expenses and the system of relations in between particular branches of the welfare policy embody a great extent of...
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Czechoslovak Communist Party's Attitudes toward Internal Political Crises in some European Countries in the first half of the 1920s
Rameš, Václav ; Vojtěchovský, Ondřej (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
This thesis focuses on attitudes of Communist party of Czechoslovakia (KSČ) towards internal political crises in European countries in the first half of 1920s. Taking into consideration the theory of internationalization of the class struggle (which was officialy proclaimed by Comintern), it analyzes the party's efforts in this field during the first period of its existence. During the research, primary sources have the priority, especially party meetings' records, documents concerning party's organizational branches, published editions of party's conferences, parliament protocols of speeches held by communist deputies etc. Newspapers and other periodical press are also taken into consideration. The text respects the chronological order of events and investigates the given issue in separate periods, which are: a) time immediately after the foundation of the party (covers with the time of Habsburg restauration attempt) b) the rise of Italian fascism c) first part of revolutional events in Bulgaria (till Ljapacev's goverment being installed in January 1926). Extra chapter deals with the impact of Comintern on KSČ's attitudes on the issue; others deal with the relevance of newspapers as the primary source for research and with the Czechoslovak branch of International Red Aid Organization (only during...
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Reflection of travellers' activities at the end of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century in the work of Enrique Stanko Vráz
Motl, Jaroslav ; Rákosník, Jakub (advisor) ; Pullmann, Michal (referee)
Reflection of travellers' activities at the end of the nineteenth and the first half of the twentieth century in Enrique Stanko Vráz's work The aim of the offered thesis is to study the issues of exotic lands' presentations given by Czech travellers. Attention is primarily paid to Enrique Stanko Vráz, his work and means of propagation of foreign countries. At the end of nineteenth century and the first half of twentieth century lectures, expositions and books of travels comprised an important part of informing the public about foreign lands. Countries outside of Europe attracted not only the people, who were coming to visit and experience them. But even people, who could not or did not want to leave their homes were longing for discovering those lands. The demand of reports from exotic places of our planet was undertaken by few Czech explorers, who decided to share their experience with the Czech public. The centre of the work will be the ways of the implementation and access of the travellers to the unique information. The main subject of the study will be the archive materials from the Náprstek museum archives and secondary literature from the field of travelling and orientalism.
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Chomutov 1945-48
Šulka, Petr ; Jakubec, Ivan (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
Bachelor's thesis "Chomutov 1945-1948" deals with post Second World War events in Chomutov and its outskirts with an emphasis on everyday life and the resettlement of this area after expulsion of the ethnic Germans. The thesis is based primarily on printed, archival and Internet resources but as key information sources are used narrative of direct participants in these events and their memories and testimonies. In the introduction, the work attempts to outline the coexistence of the Czech minority in the pre-war period, briefly events in 1938, and life in the Third Reich to its collapse and reconnection of Chomutov to the Czechoslovak republic. In another part of the work the author is concerned with the deportation and persecution of the German population and its relations with the newcomers. The central part of the work is trying to outline the life of immigrants in this period. Using eyewitness accounts, it was possible to map the daily life of settlers and their problems, such as everyday supply problems, health care, education and childhood in this region. There is also mention about regional culture, sports and political situation. The work presents the development of a society that arose often in great pain; the society with many people coming from completely different and opposing cultures. The work...
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Communist Women in the 1920s
Matysková, Hana ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Kvaček, Robert (referee) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
"Communist Women in the 1920s" is about the women, who established the Communist Party of Czechoslovakia and worked to build it up. It describes women of Czech nationality in the territory of the Czech lands during the period 1921-1929. The focus is mostly on the women's headquarters, which directed the work. Following political, social-economical and cultural levels, interest is also paid to the psychological aspect. The theses is divided into thematical chapters, each depicting events chronologically. The introductory chapter presents the reasons, why some women turned to the left and others to the right in the Social Democratic Party. Subsequent chapters describe the organization of women in the Communist Party, their concrete workload, life style of working-class women and functionaries, relations with the Soviet Russia, intraparty political development, comparison with other parties and biographies of female communist functionaries. In this work were used archival materials (mostly records of party meetings and personal materials located in the National Archive in Prague), contemporary women's newspapers and memoires of women.
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The state defence guard in years 1936-1939
Palaczuk, Jaroslav ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
When Hitler took over the power in Germany in 30. January 1933 there was graduating pressure on Third Reich neighbouring countries. As the first ones, who felt the political changes in Germany, were representatives of Czechoslovakia. Hitler's increasing armament rate and his disregard for international treaties resulted in military preparations of Czechoslovak state for unavoidable ware conflict. One of the precautions was founding of "The State defence guard" organization. Its main aim was to increase of security on Czechoslovak borders both in peace and in war. "The State defence guard" units composed of state police members, local policemen, financial guard and weekend soldiers from border areas. They were well traind for their mission in 1937 and properly armed and supported. The secret directive G-XI-2 determined particular activity of "The State defence guard" in the whole Czechoslovakia. Since September 1938 until March 1939 these units fought with German, Hungarian and Polish intruders of Czechoslovak borders.
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Care for the War Disabled in Czechoslovakia in 1918 - 1938
Růžička, Marek ; Čechurová, Jana (advisor) ; Šedivý, Ivan (referee) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
Ve své práci se zabývám životem válečných invalidů, kteří se vrátili do nově vzniklé Československé republiky z front 1. světové války. Taktéž i tím, jaký byl vztah nové republiky k invalidům z rakousko-uherské armády a invalidům z opačné strany fronty, tedy k legionářům. Klíčovou otázkou mé práce bylo hmotné zajištění válečných invalidů, případně i jejich rodin, ať již prostřednictvím různých forem invalidních důchodů a dávek, tak i jejich uplatňováním v pracovním procesu s ohledem na sníženou pracovní schopnost. Také se zabývám různými formami organizace válečných invalidů, například ve spolcích politicky neutrálních, nebo podporovaných různými politickými stranami. Také i tím, jaký vliv měla aktuální politická a hospodářská situace v Československu na postavení invalidů a jak jejich život ovlivnila například světová hospodářská krize v 30. letech minulého století. KLÍČOVÁ SLOVA první světová válka, válečný invalida, vojenské zdravotnictví, vojenská nemocnice, invalidní důchod, hospodářská krize Annotation My thesis deals with life of war invalids who returned to the newly established Czechoslovak Republic from the fronts of the First World War as well as how the new Republic was concerned and cared about invalids coming from the Austro-Hungarian army and those from the opposite side of the front,...
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First attempt at new (post-stalinist) interpretation of the political trials (1952- 1954) in Czechoslovakia
Lóži, Marián ; Pullmann, Michal (advisor) ; Rákosník, Jakub (referee)
This study concentrates on the understanding of development, reasons and effects of the first post-stalinist interpretation of the political processes with the anti-state Slansky conspiracy centre. Original concept legitimating in Czechoslovakia purges and trials of the early fifties - in particular Stalin's thesis of constant intensification of the class struggle and belief in presence of the enemy agents in the highest circles of the communist party - was gradually abandoned, making it necessary to create a new explanation. This had to be so because the KSČ and its ruling body particularly did not want to be exposed to doubts about their previous conduct, which would have only led to crisis of identity and caused threat to the performance of power. That is why the new interpretative construction was created between 1953 and 1957 with an aim of reconciling collective memory of party members and new approach to the so- called time of terror. Executed general secretary Slansky did not yet become "victim" of the regime, but on the contrary he was represented as an instigator of stalinist terror and main perpetrator of arbitrariness, who was justly exposed and punished by party ranks. Contemporary ruling elite thus purified itself from its own antecedent conduct, which was often important component of...
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