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Cold perception and cold receptors
Kužílková, Johana Abigail ; Žurmanová, Jitka (advisor) ; Ptáková, Alexandra (referee)
Cold perception is a crucial sensory phenomenon for the survival of most organisms. It facilitates the selection of appropriate thermoregulatory responses necessary for maintaining organismal integrity and aids in spatial orientation. However, the mechanisms underlying cold perception remain incompletely understood. Central to this process are cold receptors, proteins capable of depolarizing cells and eliciting action potentials in response to cold stimuli. This study aims to review and understand the current literature on two key aspects related to cold perception. Firstly, it seeks to elucidate how contemporary knowledge explains an organism's ability to discern a wide range of cold temperatures. Secondly, it endeavours to explore the identified or hypothesized cold receptors and the extent of our knowledge regarding their functional role in the perception of cold. Key words: Cold perception, cold activated receptors, TRPM8, TRPA1, TRPC5
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Cellular and molecular mechanisms of TRPC5 regulation
Ptáková, Alexandra ; Vlachová, Viktorie (advisor) ; Tureček, Rostislav (referee)
The TRPC5 ion channel is a molecular cold detector involved in the development of neuro- pathic and inflammatory pain in the peripheral nervous system. Its possible involvement in the mechanisms of the development of cold allodynia emerging as a side effect of chemotherapeutic treatment has not yet been investigated. The activation properties of the human TRPC5 receptor expressed in HEK293T cells in the context of exposure to low temperatures and oxaliplatin - widely used cytostatic drug, which side effects often manifest as a peripheral neuropathy trig- gered or enhanced by cold temperatures, were investigated using patch clamp electrophysiology and calcium imaging. Molecular modelling was used to explore possible mechanisms of action of oxaliplatin and lysophosphatidylcholine 18:1 whose levels are increased after oxaliplatin treatment. Low temperature (5 řC) decreased the amplitude of agonist-evoked membrane cur- rent responses and slowed down their deactivation. Analysis of single-channel recordings re- vealed increased open probability of the channel as well as prolonged mean open dwell time and reduced mean closed dwell time upon cooling. The highest temperature sensitivity of the gating of the channel was approximately between 16-11 řC with the corresponding value of the temperature...
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Potential physiological significance of thermal preconditioning
Ptáková, Alexandra ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Benák, Daniel (referee)
Short-term exposure of cells or whole body to mild hyperthermia, known as thermal pre- conditioning, is an experimental method used to provide cytoprotection against subsequent, otherwise harmful or even lethal, stress conditions. Thermal preconditioning is relatively easily feasible and could be used to prevent various health problems. The aim of this thesis is to sum- marize current knowledge about the impact of thermal preconditioning on cells and the whole organism. The possibilities of how to perform this method effectively are described here, toge- ther with the molecular mechanisms involved in the induction of cytoprotection. Some areas where thermal preconditioning could be used are also mentioned. Key words: thermal preconditioning, hyperthermia, cytoprotection, HSP, ischemia-reper- fusion injury
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