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Specifics of Ballet Environment as Risk Factors for the Development of Eating Disorders
Šimčáková, Markéta ; Vanek, Marián (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
1 ABSTRACT Ballet is a risk environment for the development of eating disorders. The causes of these pathologies have not yet been sufficiently explained. The objective of this paper was to test the risk factors specific for the ballet environment which might be connected with the development of eating disorders. Participants were 181 female students from dance conservatories in Czech Republic. Two questionnaires were used. The objective was to assess abnormalities in eating behaviour and specific factors of ballet environment which might cause body dissatisfaction. A high risk of eating disorders according to the EAT-26 test was found in one third of female students. The statistically significant correlation between the factor and the higher risk of presence of eating disorder was found in all eleven factors examined. Students who displayed body dissatisfaction caused by relevant risk factor had higher average EAT-26 score than students who did not display body dissatisfaction induced by the same factor. Factors which caused body dissatisfaction among the highest number of students were: Comparing body shape with other dancers, Ballet ideals and Mirrors in classrooms. Nine out of eleven tested factors caused body dissatisfaction in more than half of the participants. A programme focused on preventing the...
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Psychological aspects of creative play in polytechnical education in kindergarten
Žáková, Barbora ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kubátová, Michaela (referee)
The bachelor's thesis on the topic "Psychological aspects of creative play in polytechnic education in kindergarten" deals with the analysis of the influence of the polytechnic education on the development of preschool children. The aim of this work is to give the kindergartens, which have the opportunity to mediate it to children at such an early age, an idea of what the polytechnic education is and how it works, and for which can be particularly beneficial. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of a preschool child, on the definition of the concept of play and the concept of creativity, and on the clarification of the main ideas of polytechnic education in preschool education. The thesis also points out the specific features, forms and methods of the polytechnic education and presents its relationship with science literacy and environmental education. The second part of the bachelor's thesis is devoted to the practical part, which contains the results of the semi-structured interviews with teachers of the selected kindergartens and observation of preschool children during the creative play within the bounds of polytechnic activities. The aim of the research is to monitor the psychological aspects of creative play within the scope of the polytechnic education in the kindergartens, to...
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Coping strategies in case of hearing loss in young age
Krátká, Anna ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The bachelor thesis is devoted to the topic of hearing loss in young age. The thesis is focused on the process of coping with hearing loss acquired in adolescence and young adulthood. The aim of this bachelor thesis is to examine ways, how people experienced the acquired deafness, how they coped with it, which processes helped them to deal with the deafness and where they found support, and vice versa what makes the coping process harder. The thesis consists of two parts - a theoretical and a practical one. The first, theoretical part describes the meaning of hearing ability and consequences of hearing impairments on human life, and focuses on defining people with hearing impairment and on specification of post- lingual deaf people in the group of people with hearing impairment. It follows up with characterization of developmental periods of adolescence and early adulthood. The main part is the chapter of stress, of coping strategies in general and of coping with hearing loss as a hard life situation specifically. For practical empirical part, was chosen a technique of qualitative research. The data were collected by semi-structured interviews with 6 respondents, who have had experience with hearing loss in young age. The support of others and their overall reaction to the change of communication...
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Bullying Prevention in Forest Kindergarten: A Case Study of Jasmínka
Večeřová, Eliška ; Beláňová, Andrea (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This bachelor thesis aims to introduce the ways of bullying prevention in forest kindergarten. This goal was achieved by qualitative research, specifically a case study of DLK Jasmínka. The theoretical part of the thesis deals with bullying, its prevention and the specifics of bullying and prevention in kindergartens. The concept of forest pedagogy is also briefly introduced, but the empirical part provides key information on this topic. Based on the results of observations and interviews, the philosophy, educational approach, and daily program of DLK Jasmínka are presented. Then the main topic is presented. It turned out that the ways of preventing bullying in DLK Jasmínka do not rely on any comprehensive methodology but result from the educational plan and general principles of the pedagogical approach. Of the established concepts of prevention, they are closest to non-specific prevention, as the primary purpose of these principles is to support the harmonious development of children. Most important are respectful approach to children and open communication, to which other elements are attached. The work brings relatively unique insight into the elements of forest pedagogy, their mutual interaction and impact on the prevention of bullying.
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Early childhood development
Žochová, Kateřina ; Sotáková, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with early psychological development, which maps from the prenatal period to the whole first age of the infant. The theoretical part explains important developmental theories and milestones. In the part of prenatal and perinatal periods is talking about the early communication of the fetus with the mother and the experience of childbirth, from which the birth trauma may arise. In the neonatal and infant period, the emphasis is on transforming psychomotor development, psychological processes and early child interactions. The practical part contains research, which is based on qualitative methodology and is realized by the case study. The research aimed to map the manifestations of psychological development in infants between the 4th and 9th month. The primary aim was to observe the socio-emotional manifestations, but it was not possible to forget the observed psychomotor development, which is closely related. The results are summarized in the discussion, which also answers the research questions concerning the manifestations of the prosocial behavior of infants, the development of the relationship between the parents and the infant and the differences in the development between three examined children. It was found that all children went through the same developmental...
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Specifics of work used by preschool and preparatory class teachers
Meryová, Nikola ; Kučerová, Olga (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on the issue of two preschool institutions in which compulsory preschool education can be fulfilled. The first institution is a kindergarten, which has an unquestionable role in preschool education, the second institution is a preparatory class, which has become more widely known to the public in recent years. The work thus responds to relatively recent legislative changes in the field of preparatory classes. These are listed in the theoretical part altogether with the characteristics of the preschool period, the definition of the terms school maturity and school readiness, the possibility of its diagnostics and the presentation of the mentioned institutions and their functioning. The practical part of the thesis will aim to find out the specifics of pedagogical work of kindergarten teachers and preparatory class teachers and other specifics, such as the regime of the day or cooperation with other institutions and compare them. The secondary goal, which was defined during the work, is to find out the differences between preparatory classes in Prague and preparatory classes in Ústí nad Labem Region (in Most). The research survey will be carried out by qualitative research using methods of observation, interview and document analysis. KEYWORDS kindergarten, preparatory...
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Posttraumatic growth after death of a close person
Finkousová, Andrea ; Valentová, Hana (advisor) ; Presslerová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the theme of posttraumatic growth in regards of death of a close person. It focuses on young adults, who have experienced death of a relative within their adolescence and adulthood, whom they have been in a close relationship with (a parent, grandparent). The purpose of the thesis is to detect the occurence of the posttraumatic growth in nine young adults and to determine in which areas and how does the posttraumatic growth manifest. Furthermore, to compare the outcomes with the concepts of Tadeschi and Calhoun, Janoff-Bulman and with "the model of the battle" used in the dissertation work of Hana Valentová. The theoretical part is dedicated to description of the theme of death of a loved one and to the narration of posttraumatic growth, its definition, models and the factors of infuence. The empirical part of the work uses qualitative research using semi-structured interviews with nine respondents and subsequent content analysis using open coding. The analysis has revealed seven main areas of posttraumatic growth: the area of relationships, ability to trust in the midst of a crisis situation, spiritual growth, professional direction, reconstruction of the relationship with self, the value of life and new possibilities. Within the research a few variables have...
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Life plans of teenage girls leaving institutional care
Vágnerová, Anna ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Kucharská, Anna (referee)
The aim of my bachelor's thesis is to map the attitudes and life expectations of girls after leaving the juvenile deliquency center (institutional care center). In the theoretical part are explained the basic concepts related to the topic of institutional education, described the common reasons for placement in the institution, the principle of operation of a comprehensive system of this form of alternative care, this part also focuses on specific impact of institutioal care on development of the child, the structure of the institucional care center and its internal rules. The thesis also mentions behavioral disorders, the adolescence associated with self-concept in adolescence and also describes the concept of attitudes. The practical part of the work focuses in more detail on the plans and ambitions of the respondents using the method of semi-structured interview. Next step was data analysis using the method of open coding and data interpretation. The research sample consists of 7 girls aged 17-18 who will be leaving the educational institution in the foreseeable future. The data analysis reveals specific categories of plans and attitudes which are identical to the theoretical facts presented in the first part of the work. KEYWORDS institucional care, adolescent girls, juvenile deliquency center,...
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Professional orientation, the assumptions and the ability of adolescents with behavioral disorder
Novotná, Lýdie ; Presslerová, Pavla (advisor) ; Novotná, Hana (referee)
The bachelor's thesis deals with the professional orientation, the assumptions and the ability of adolescents with behavioural disorder. The main aim of this work is to discover whatthe professional orientation of adolescents with behavioural disorders is and compare the assumptions and abilities of these adolescents with their professional aspirations. A partial goalof this work is to analyse the fluctuation (stability) of their direction. The first part of the thesisis devoted to the theoretical basis. The second part is devoted to the research itself that was done using the Bochum's Business-Focused Inventory of Personality, the Self-Directed Searchand a non-standardized questionnaire.
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