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Komplexní analýza bytové politiky města Tábora
Křehlík, Vladimír ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Sunega, Petr (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is the analysis of housing policy the town of Tábor. It seeks to provide an overview of the current situation in the housing, the analysis of local housing policy and its future devolopment. In the beginning of the work deals with the definition of basic concepts in the field of housing policy and housing market characteristics. Furthermore, focusing on the role of the state in areas of housing policy, examines the essential characteristics of the housing stock and the tools to promote housing, these types of instruments, their significance and use. The second part of the work focuses on analysis of housing policy solutions in the city of Tabor. Evaluate the implementation of housing policy in terms of management of housing stock, the analysis of demand and supply in the housing market, used tools and support for city participation in city housing. The privatization process of the city housing stock and its alternatives are current problems of the city core.
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Working hours in The Czech Republic
Bolhová, Veronika ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Chalupníček, Pavel (referee)
The working hours, as a very important life part of most of the economically active people, are a significant indicator of the job market's flexibility. The first part of this thesis deals with the economic analysis of an individual person's time, forming of the labour supply and demand, and State's interference with job market. Afterwards follows the outline of the historical development of working hours, with the origins and progression of a regulation of this area. The third part is focusing on the legal form of working hours in the Czech Republic, including regulation of breaks, working hours' set out, privilege leave and special arrangements for a certain groups of employees. The next part analyses unusual working modes that are helping to create a more flexible job market and more job opportunities, such as part-time work or labour time account. The thesis includes a part where is being compared regulation of the working hours with the world, from the point of view of certain international institutions such as the World Bank. A special emphasis is placed on the confrontation with countries of the European Union. The last part deals with the analysis of the contemporary adjustment of working hours in the European Union, which greatly influences the competitiveness of the job market in the EU.
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Comparison of Pensionable systems and reform concepts of Czech Republic and Germany
Pochylá, Petra ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
This paper targets the analysis of pensionable systems and proposals for their reformation for Czech Republic and Germany. These systems are built up on the same principle - continuous financing. Regardless this facticity my endeavour is to prove and to point out to similar and different characters of these systems. For centuries Germany have played very important role in Czech history. We can say that Germany affected today's present in our republic. This paper tries to show mutual coherence between these two pensionable systems. My analysis accentuates conformity and difference in historical development, contemporary structure of these systems, instituted reforms and political proposals for future development. The first part analyzes basic theory. The second part compares pensionable systems in Czech Republic and in Germany.
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Inhabitant Consumption Statistic
Orendáčová, Jana ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
Main goal of the diploma thesis is to describe household consumption and its survey in the Czech Republic not only from the macroeconomic but mainly from the microeconomic standpoint. Consumption expenditures are the main subject of many long-term analysis and forecasts which help by implementation of economic and politcal precautions. In connection with the historical development of statistic as a scientific disciplin there is also a significant stress on a methodical development of household budget surveys which examine consumption expenditures of different social groups and household types. After the analysis of development and structure of household consumption surveyed by National Accounts and Household Budget Surveys the attention is given also to household consumption in member states of the European Union among which is also the Czech Republic.
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Economics growth and social spending - a causal relationship?
Hák, Jiří ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Škop, Vladislav (referee)
This paper aims to explore the relationship of social spending and the economic development of the country or region. Work in the first, theoretical part deals with basic theories of economic growth and their view of the state expenditure on social policy. Due attention is also paid to the basic concepts and types of social policies that significantly affect the size of social spending in the marketing area. As part of the theoretical work will be fundamental characteristics of the measuring instruments for economic growth and social spending. In the second, analytical, part of the thesis will deal with empirical data comparing the economic development with the evolution of the size of social spending in several selected countries. The analysis of this part of the work will be characteristic of otherfactors, the relationship of economic growth and social spending determine, influence, and to some extent and explain, such as unemployment, public revenues and public state debt.
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Equal opportunities of men and women
Výskotová, Petra ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Ždímal, Martin (referee)
Theme of this diploma work are problems of equal opportunities at the labour market. The first part concentrates on unequality between men and women, causes of different social statuses, basic terms and legislative framework of equal opportunities of men and women in the European Union and the Czech Republic. Overview of present social status of women at the labour market is given by the analysis of basic statistic indicators differentiated by gender. Apart from the European Union, which set up equal opportunities as one of its fundamental goals, important initiators of gender precautions are individual companies. Therefore following parts of my work concentrate on companies' attitude to equal opportunities and first of all on main reasons for implementation of individual precautions and concrete steps, which should support the improvement of present situation. The last chapter deals with costs and benefits consequent upon implementation of equal opportunities and shows those precautions that certify in practice.
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Foreigners on Czech labor market
Votrubová, Klára ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Lapáček, Michal (referee)
This work's intention is to capture the most important immigratory movements to the Czech Republic especially in relationship with participation of foreigners at Czech labor market. First it attends to phenomena of migration from common view in context with legislative set-up of chosen problems and with present state of migration politics in the Czech Republic. Last but not least it attends to history, trends and general reasons of migration. From this viewpoint it summarizes theoretical knowledge and other information relevant to immigration problems and it briefly characterizes significant causes of migration which are not directly related to labor market. Analytic part deals with possibilities of labor use of foreigners in the Czech Republic. It results from the analysis of present situation and from labor market's needs and it examines possibilities and conditions of foreigners who are labor market's part - it focuses at the most frequently immigrating national groups including detailed analysis of Vietnamese community. This work also characterizes possible future impact of present inflow of foreigners to Czech republic's labor market. The summary of diploma work synthesizes acquired findings, exposes the most severe problems and suggests selected possibilities of their solution.
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Finanční dostupnost bydlení v ČR a možnosti jeho financování se zaměřením na úvěry na bydlení
Beranová, Libuše ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Sunega, Petr (referee)
Tato práce je zaměřena na zkoumání finanční dostupnosti bydlení v České republice a možnosti financování vlastnického bydlení zejména formou hypotečních úvěrů. Úvodní část je věnována vývoji finanční dostupnosti nájemního bydlení, stávajícího vlastnického bydlení a nového vlastnického bydlení v České republice. Další kapitoly se zaměřují na charakteristiku bytového a domovního fondu v jednotlivých oblastech České republiky, doplněné mezinárodní komparací v rámci členských států Evropské unie. Poslední kapitola práce pojednává o širokých možnostech financování vlastnického bydlení se zaměřením na hypoteční úvěrování a systém stavebního spoření. Jednotlivé podkapitoly nabízí porovnání úvěrů na bydlení a analyzují vývoj hypotekárního trhu v České republice.
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Social Consequences of Population Aging on the Side of Labour Supply and Labour Demand
Mesenská, Olga ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Lapáček, Michal (referee)
This work deals with social consequences of population aging in relation to the employment market. Aging of Czech population is, according to Population Projection by 2050, collected by ČSÚ, inevitable. Growing rate of seniors in the population is accompanied by many negative economical and social consequences. Anticipated demographic progression will be especially charge on the social security system, health service, public finance, but also on the employment market. Considerable weight falls on the field of savings, on the productivity of labour, and on the population status. In the scope of the text, situation of labour demand on the emploers' side and labour supply from elder employers is discused as well. To increase the employment rate of elderly people, the measures stimulating labour supply and labour demand are mentioned. This work also contains the analysis of present status of elderly labour force on the labour market according to age, education and region, and the prediction of corporate behaviour change, due to growing rate of seniors as consumers.
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Státní podpora vlastnického bydlení
Forštová, Jana ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Adamec, Václav (referee)
Státní podpora vlastnického bydlení je zaměřena v České republice na podporu bydlení na poptávkové straně, tedy převážně na podporu stavebního spoření a hypotečního úvěrování. Pojem bydlení je vysvětlen obecně a charakterizuje bytovou politiku dle jednotlivých forem bydlení. Zhodnocen je i vývoj bytového fondu v České republice, z kterého vyplývá, že bytová výstavba neustále roste. Jednotlivé formy bydlení můžeme rozdělit na bydlení v osobním vlastnictví (vlastnické bydlení), družstevní bydlení a nájemní bydlení, které můžeme dále rozčlenit na soukromý a veřejný nájemní sektor a neziskové nájemní bydlení. Bydlení by mělo být finančně dostupné pro všechny domácnosti a výdaje za bydlení by neměly neúměrně zatěžovat důchod domácností. Za zdroje financování bydlení můžeme považovat hypoteční banky, komerční banky a stavební spořitelny, které nabízejí širokou škálu produktů k financování bydlení. Nástroje státní podpory bydlení dělíme na poptávkové a nabídkové. Nabídková strana je zaměřena na podporu investorů (obce, kraje) a nízko a středně příjmových skupin obyvatelstva prostřednictvím vládních subvencí a dotací. Poptávková strana se soustředí na podporu spotřebitelů, kde je státem podporováno vlastnické bydlení prostřednictvím individuálních subvencí. Státní podpora je zaměřena na podporu hypotečních úvěrů, stavebního spoření, ale je poskytována i nepřímo prostřednictvím daňových úlev. Jednotlivé instituce se předhánějí v nabízení produktů ze stavebního spoření a hypotečního úvěrování, díky nimž lze financovat vlastnické bydlení.
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