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Development of mandatory spending in Czech Republic since joining the EU until 2014 with an emphasis on pension reform
Král, Jaroslav ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Pikhart, Zdeněk (referee)
This dissertation work analyzes the structure of mandatory spending in Czech Republic and explores their development since joining the European Union up to year 2014. The work deals with a public sector and with his changes in this period. The main part of the dissertation work analyzes the biggest part of mandatory spending- pension system and its reformation. It tries to clarify, wheather the third pillar of pension system is used for his purpose or for good opportunity to make savings with state support. In this dissertation work is included a part about second pillar of pension system. It analyzes frekvention of using by citizens of Czech Republic and why is it on determinated level. The dissertatoon work analyzes Czech pension funds which deal with both capital pillars. It also includes analyzes of reforms in first pillar - Pay as you go system. It examines oppinions of political parties on changes in pension system and describes their recomendations for future progression of pension system. In the last chapter is analyzed Slovak pension reform, because it was started before Czech reform and it allowes a comparation and edification about some faults.
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Development of higher education in the Czech Republic since the nineties of the last century
Pačes, Ota ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The aim of each of the developed countries in the field of education includes belonging to the world's leading powers. Although the importance and value of education in the Czech Republic changed over time, education has become increasingly more important and always contributed significantly to the socio-economic development of the society. This thesis analyzes the development of Czech higher education from a historical perspective since the last years of normalization to the present. It also focuses on dealing with the phenomenon of massification of education, in later years, with influences of European integration and the variability of demographic trends. The aim of the thesis is to analyze the performance indicators of domestic higher education, aiming primarily on the number of students, the network of institutions, in which they are educated, and the level of education they achieve. The thesis also includes a comparison of the performance and financial indicators with the developed OECD countries and the conclusion analyzes the current status and trends in the financing of the Czech tertiary education system. The essence of the thesis is a comprehensive evaluation of the last two decades in the field of tertiary education.
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Pension reform in the Czech republic and its approach focused on second pillar
Dvořáková, Monika ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Hájek, Jan (referee)
My diploma dissertation concerns the theoretical introduction of the retirement system, economic theories and the cause of the retirement reform in the first part. The second part represents the analysis of so-called small retirement reform and is focused on the retirement system since the beginning in 2013 with the accent to newly established retirement saving. The aim of my diploma dissertation is the evaluation of the existing functioning of the second pillar and the reasons of the low interest of the inhabitants. The comparison with the chosen states where the retirement saving already operates is a part of the second pillar analysis. Slovakia and Hungary are the European representatives with the similar schema of the retirement system and Chilean system is based on the fund financing. The opinion of the population was checked with the questioning. The pivotal part of my diploma dissertation and its main goal is the analysis of the second pillar accession availability from the age, income, family situation, investment strategy point of view and other criteria. The strategy with the low earning is suitable for the higher incomes only as resulted from the calculation. The more aggressive investment strategy with higher earning is convenient for the younger people with lower income and the older the more suitable access contingent on the higher income. As there is no interest in the second pillar participation the goal of my diploma dissertation is the proposal of alternative methods as investment or saving products of the bank institution for the old age security.
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Family policy instruments oriented towards single parent families in the Czech Republic and in selected European countries
Kohlová, Hana ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Štípek, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with family policy oriented towards single parent families. This thesis tries to define reasons why single parent families are arising. It addresses the divorce rate, birth rate, and extramarital fertility. Differences between families with both parents and single parent families are defined and the subjective views of single parents in the Czech Republic are described in this thesis. Provisions from family policy, which take into account single parent families in the Czech Republic, France, Sweden and Great Britain, are also written in this thesis. Arrangements in surveyed countries are compared with arrangements in the Czech Republic. This thesis concludes that single parent families in the Czech Republic recieve the least favoured treatment from all surveyed countries.
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The role of supplementary pension insurance in the case of the Czech Republic
Hubínková, Petra ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Krebs, Vojtěch (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyzes the development of the pension security system in our region from the period of the First Czechoslovak Republic until the present day. Changes are analyzed in the pension insurance system made by adopting parametric and paradigmatic changes under the terms of the 2011 and 2013 pension reforms. The work also explores the development of the supplementary pension insurance in its original form and also the new version of the product -- supplementary pension savings, including mutual comparison of pension companies providing this product. Other alternative ways to create financial savings for the period of old age are outlined in the thesis as well.
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Efectiveness of action of State Fund for Housing Development in the Czech republic during the last decade
Ryšková, Kateřina ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Vebrová, Ludmila (referee)
State interventions into the housing market have become a common tool for supporting housing standard and for securing households' access to housing. The general part of the paper deals with the housing policy transformation where, besides the executive power, an extra-budgetary fund SFHD (State Fund for Housing Development) was established as one of the instruments used by the government to intervene in the housing market. The paper aims to analyse the SFHD's effectiveness, not only in terms of Act No. 211/2000 Coll., by which it was set up, but also in terms of the Fund's activities and coordination of the state housing subsidies implemented through the Ministry for Regional Development of the Czech Republic, and of the overall effectiveness of the Fund's functioning setting.
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The Impact of Eventual Legalization of Prostitution on Budget Income of Chosen Territorial Units in the North-West Bohemia Region
Lhotská, Veronika ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Chmelová, Pavla (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the impact of regulation of prostitution on budget income of selected territorial units. The current Proposal of the Act on Regulation of Prostitution and the Act on the Budget Determination of Taxes imply that territorial units should have be entitled especially to a share of the income tax revenue. The estimates of budget income suggest that the mostly affected territorial units should be entitled to the relatively largest share of income tax revenue. However, this rule is violated in case of less affected but large territorial units. This is because, according to the Act on the Budget Determination of Taxes, the income tax revenue is redistributed unproportionally from the most affected territorial units to the largests units. The estimated tax income from regulation of prostitution would be negligible part of the total income of all selected territorial units.
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Causes of the growing number of single-person households after 1989 and their role in social policy
Rubešová, Zuzana ; Vostrovská, Zdenka (advisor) ; Poláková, Olga (referee)
The aim of my diploma thesis is to find relevant causes of increasing amount of one-person households in Czech Republic. The ČSÚ files nearly 83% increase in this type of household in the last 15 years. My hypothesis is such, that a great role in this phenomenon plays social, economic and demographic factors. The theoretical part of my diploma thesis will be based mainly on dates available from the ČSÚ. I focus first on analysis of the single member households as a complex, following by part which will be considering the causes of this phenomenon. Sub-groups, by which I will look for the causes for increase in the amount, will be single member households of young people, so-called singles, and pensioners. The applied part of my diploma thesis will be based on evaluation of the role which this type of households play as a recipient of social benefits (rentiers) and also as an active contributor into the treasury (singles). I would like to; draw a prediction of the expenditures of social policy if the situation continues by the same rate from the results of my analysis.
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Pension reform in Czech Republic and the second pillar
Dudák, Jan ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Pícl, Michal (referee)
The current pension system in the Czech Republic is economically unsustainable in long term. Reason of this situation is mainly negative demographics development. According to expert estimates, the pension system will produce, over the period 30 -- 40 years, annual deficits of 4-5 % of GDP. The most significant change in current pension reform is creation of fully funded pillar, so called second pillar. This work analyses strengths and weakness of this reform, also comments actual criticism and discussion of this reform. Work shows that especially the lack of political consensus threatens the future stability of second pillar. Subsequent analysis of the profitability of entry to the second pillar shows that the entry will be most profitable for younger individuals with above-average incomes. In conclusion, the work proposes alternative options to secure in pension, in particular deposit products and investment in the property market. The work is completed by own sample survey with the main objective to find out the willingness of respondents to enter the second pillar.
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Present level of unemployement in region Teplice in relation to active labour market policy
Drábek, Martin ; Poláková, Olga (advisor) ; Švubová, Jana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is an analysis of unemployement developement in the region Teplice. In its theoretical part are determined basic key terms related to market structure -- mainly Labour market, Unemployment and Labour policy. This part also contains several notifications about differences between this market and the market of goods and services. The very next part deals with socioeconomic and demographic analysis of the region -- main focus is given to development of supply of the labour. Following chapter deals with development of the Labour market, mainly with the number of people unemployed and to the number of jobs available. The next part is focused to active employment policy realized by Labour office as a instrument in the struggle against the unemployment. In the very last part, there is summary and recommendations for the future unemployment policy. This recommendation is created in cooperation with the biggest companies in this area.
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