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Forest vegetation in the Bohemian Karst between traditional management and modern conservation
Veverková, Alina ; Hédl, Radim (advisor) ; Petřík, Petr (referee)
Forest understory vegetation in lowland woodlands is coming through systematical changes, which are documented from many regions. Abandonment of traditional coppicing management, nitrogen deposition and effect of high game densities in some regions are considered to be the main key drivers. Changes of seminatural woodland in protected area of Bohemian Karst were studied in this research. The abandonment of traditional management is probably the biggest environmental change in this area. Original data, semi-permanent plots with phytosociological relevés, were surveyed shortly after the last coppicing in the half of twentieth century. These plots were now re-visited. Partial task was to evaluate how important relocation accuracy is. Discovered changes have similar trends as in other lowland woodlands. After abandonment of coppicing, site conditions changed towards more shade and nutrient rich sites. Vegetation shifted to species assemblages of late succession dominated by shade-adapted and nutrient-demanding species. Slight decrease in gama-diversity, increase in alpha-diversity and decrease of beta-diversity indicated taxonomic homogenization was recorded. Re-visiting of semi-permanent plots was evaluated as appropriate tool for this type of research. Spatial heterogenity is partly affecting temporal change,...
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Landscape management - lessons from the landscape development
Petřík, Petr ; Fanta, J.
The landscape of the Czech Republic is unable to sufficiently compensate for extreme weather events such as droughts and floods within the current climate change. Damage is done to human health, property and key resources (water, soil and biodiversity), and costs are rising in agriculture and forestry. Sustainable soil management is in the public interest, and the fundamental question is how to encourage land users to farm the landscape while respecting its fine-grained mosaic and in accordance with the European Landscape Convention. For this purpose, we have set up the so-called Platform for Sustainable Landscape Management, in which research institutes even outside the Academy of Sciences are increasingly involved. The main objectives of the platform are the sharing of information, assistance in developing strategic advice and education on sustainable landscape.
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Main causes and trends of vegetation and floristic changes in the landscape of the Czech Republic
Petřík, Petr
The paper summarizes selected findings from long-term research of selected plant communities (forests, meadows, pastures and dry grasslands, wetlands, fens, bogs, water habitats and vanishing anthropogenic habitats) and presents the possibility of their revitalization (e.g. by mowing, season-long grazing on meadows and construction of dampers and shallow ponds in drainage channels on reclaimed flows). In conclusion, measures to remedy the state of affairs in accordance with international conventions (especially the European Landscape Convention signed by the Czech Republic) are proposed. The current debate about the landscape is still limited mainly to that concerning protected areas. However, the essential decision-making processes for preserving biodiversity in the wider landscape are at the level of sectoral organization managed by the Czech Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment, Ministry of Industry and Trade, and partly by the Ministry of Regional Development and concern construction management and land-use planning. Theoretical and practical issues of revitalization are engaged in the field of restoration ecology, which has achieved success more for younger successional stages of vegetation or disturbed areas.
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Floods and drought: the landscape as a basis for a solution
Fanta, J. ; Petřík, Petr
During two scientific seminars, Czech scientists, together with representatives of the Czech Ministries of Agriculture and Environment, evaluated the situation and developed a range of recommendations for Czech environmental and agricultural policies to manage the situation. In the recommendations, the landscape is considered as public space; its use for agriculture, forestry, construction, etc. must be properly considered and planned. Elaboration of a longterm vision for the landscape as matter of public interest, its development and its use for various purposes is the basic point of all recommendations. Further issues are a responsible landscape policy, definition of strategic goals and tasks, as well as normative management measures and instruments necessary to streamline strategic and operational management. Landscape research and planning deserve specific attention. Establishment of a national consultative board for the landscape as a governmental advisory body was proposed. And organization of a broad national discussion about the landscape, its use andfuture development was also recommended.
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Vliv hospodářských zásahů na změnu v biologické rozmanitosti ve zvláště chráněných územích: Monitoring lesní a travinné vegetace v CHKO a BR Křivoklátsko
Botanický ústav AV ČR, Průhonice ; Petřík, Petr ; Černý, Tomáš ; Moravec, Jaroslav ; Kolbek, Jiří
Předmětem biomonitoringu v Chráněné krajinné oblasti a Biosférické rezervaci Křivoklátsko byla v roce 2001 dřevinná i bylinná složka lesních společenstev (subxerofilní doubravy asociace Potentillo albae-Quercetum, dubohabřiny asociace Melampyro nemorosi-Carpinetum a květnaté bučiny asociace Tilio cordatae-Fagetum). Dále bylinná složka lučního společenstva s kriticky ohroženým taxonem Gentianella baltica a dalšími vzácnými taxony ČR jako Orchis morio, Orchis ustulata, Phyteuma orbiculare a Primula veris. Ve třech klimaxových lesních společenstvech bylo s ohledem na přezvěření oblasti a eutrofizaci území zjišťováno kvalitativní a kvantitativní složení bylinného, keřového i stromového patra na oplocených a kontrolních plochách. Na travnatých svazích potoka Klíčavy bylo provedeno fytocenologické snímkování lučních porostů se zvláštním zřetelem na četnost populací vzácných a ohrožených taxonů. Na téže lokalitě byl sledován průběh řízené sukcese na místě bývalého pole.
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Close-to-nature forestry from the point of view of the Czech Bioplatform
Petřík, Petr ; Košulič ml., M. ; Košulič st., M. ; Hédl, Radim ; Svoboda, M. ; Hruška, J. ; Zatloukal, V. ; Boublík, Karel ; Poštulka, Z.
During the discussion on the National Forestry Program, the Forest panel of the Czech Bioplatform has claimed in the Czech forests in particular: elimination of clear-cutting, preference of the natural forest regeneration, employment of pioneer trees within recovering forests, reduction of high game-stocks, leaving of the forest model based on the age categorisation, ensuring biodiversity protection and its monitoring, retaining old trees and dead wood, increase of water retention potential and prevent forest wetlands desiccation, reducing or exclusion of tree aliens, providing environment-friendly afforestation on the non-forest land, reducing or exclusion of liming and fertilization and active participation of the Czech forestry in the issue of the global changes. Most of the requirements were integrated into the version of the Czech National Forestry Program that is now negotiated over the sectoral policy and prepared for the SEA process.
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