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Historical and Philosophical Context of the Art of Archery in Japan
Coka, Petr ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
Title: Historical and Philosophical Context of the Art of Archery in Japan Objectives: The objective of this thesis is to describe Japanese martial art kyudo and introduce it to the wide public with the emphasis on the historical context and its relation to philosophical and religious systems. The first part focuses on the history and development of the Japanese archery, different kinds of Japanese martial activities and basic technique and equipment of kyudo in the frame of Japanese archery. The second part describes philosophical and religious systems within the context of martial arts, especially Zen Buddhism. Further, I will explain the general situation of kyudo within Czech conditions and introduce the role and the legacy of Eugen Herrigel, which is essential for modern kyudo. Methods: Basic methods of theoretical work (see the Methodology Section). Keywords: Kyujutsu, kyudo, martial arts, Japan
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An overview of selected social procedures
Schlosáriková, Eva ; Majer, Ondřej (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
Title: An overview of selected social procedures Author: Eva Schlosáriková Department: Department of Political Science Supervisor: RNDr. Ondrej Majer, CSc. This thesis first defines social procedures. These are studied and analyzed by social soft- ware, an emerging interdisciplinary field. This thesis will focus on a prominent social procedure, the coalition bargaining and coalition formation. Basic definition and overview of the coalition theory are introduced. Last chapter will concentrate on Bram's model of the coalition formation and his definition of the stable coalition. Other models of the coalition bargaining are briefly introduced and compared to the Bram's model. Keywords: coalition bargaining, coalition formation, stability of coalition 1
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Logic of questions
Peliš, Michal ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor)
Logic of Questions Michal Peliš PhD Thesis Abstract The thesis deals with logic of questions (erotetic logic), which is one of the branches of non- classical logic. In the introductory part we speak generally about formalization of questions and the newest approaches to questions in logic are summed up. We introduce a formalization based on sets of direct answers and point out the role of inferences with questions. The rest of the thesis consists of two parts that can be read independently. The first part focuses on relationships among consequence relations in inferential erotetic logic (IEL). We keep the framework of original IEL, introduced by Andrzej Wiśniewski, together with the representation of questions by sets of direct answers. Answers are strictly formulas of the declarative language. The mix of interrogatives and declaratives occours just on the level of consequences. Consequence relations with questions are defined by means of multiple-conclusion entailment among sets of declarative formulas. This way, one can work with classes of models and to make transparent some properties and relationships. We provide a general study of erotetic inferences based on IEL that is open for non-classical applications. The second part contains epistemic erotetic logic. A question is understood as a set of direct...
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Knowledge changes in dynamic epistemic logic
Dančák, Michal ; Peliš, Michal (advisor) ; Urbański, Mariusz (referee)
The Logic of Hybrid Action Models is presented in this thesis along with a sound and complete Hilbert style calculus. It is an original multimodal epistemic logic that tries to give the agents (i) a strong method of communication and (ii) a rich vocabulary to communicate about by combining action models with hybrid logics. The language of the resulting logic is rather complex and includes common knowledge, deterministic action updates and all three commonly used hybrid op- erators @, ↓ and E. An overview of both action models and hybrid logics is included. The Hybrid Logic with Partial Denoting Nominals is briefly described and used as a stepping stone. The semantics and the Completeness Theorem of the Logic of Hybrid Action Models form the backbone of this work. 1
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Logic of questions
Peliš, Michal ; Peregrin, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Sedlár, Igor (referee) ; Wiśniewski, Andrzej (referee)
Logic of Questions Michal Peliš PhD Thesis Abstract The thesis deals with logic of questions (erotetic logic), which is one of the branches of non- classical logic. In the introductory part we speak generally about formalization of questions and the newest approaches to questions in logic are summed up. We introduce a formalization based on sets of direct answers and point out the role of inferences with questions. The rest of the thesis consists of two parts that can be read independently. The first part focuses on relationships among consequence relations in inferential erotetic logic (IEL). We keep the framework of original IEL, introduced by Andrzej Wiśniewski, together with the representation of questions by sets of direct answers. Answers are strictly formulas of the declarative language. The mix of interrogatives and declaratives occours just on the level of consequences. Consequence relations with questions are defined by means of multiple-conclusion entailment among sets of declarative formulas. This way, one can work with classes of models and to make transparent some properties and relationships. We provide a general study of erotetic inferences based on IEL that is open for non-classical applications. The second part contains epistemic erotetic logic. A question is understood as a set of direct...
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Tibetan Curing System of Kum Nye and the Possibilities of its Application
Soumarová, Jana ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
Title: Tibetan curing system of Kum Nye and the possibilities of its application Objectives: The aim of this work is to present a comprehensive view of the Tibetan healing system called Kum Nye. The first part introduces Buddhism as the general basis of Kum Nye, some other basic spiritual principles, the historical background of Kum Nye, and the relationships between these three bases of Kum Nye. The aim of the second part is to explain the therapeutic effect of the system and to present ways of its practice, which are specially modified for the mentality and the way of life of Western society by the Tibetan lama Targhang Tulku. This part is enriched by the author's personal experience from a course of Kum Nye. The concluding part of the work sums up the salient aspects of Kum Nye, presents possibilities for its use, critically evaluates the therapeutic effects and limitations of the system, and makes suggestions for further research. Keywords: Buddhism, breathing exercises, emotions, Kum Nye, stress
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Towards a Better Understanding and Application of Physical Education and Sport - HIGH HOPES
Konstantinou, Panagiotis ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
English title: Towards a better understanding and application of Physical Education and Sport- IDGH HOPES. česky název: Snaha o lepši poroZfJmění a užití Telesní Výchovy a Sportu - VELKÉ NADtJE. The reality is that Physical Education is mainly focused on competitive and professional level. This understanding is not only harmful for the field of Physical Education, but also for our society as a whole. In this Diploma Thesis I propose a "treatment", which in my opinion will contribute to the improvement of Physical Education. Despite the fact that our society is competitive, I suggest elimination of contests, rewards and records. Physical Education deserves to be more natural, which means to be playful. Physical Education can contribute to better societies and the only way is to attract people towards it and make them play. lf we can somehow change the system of Physical Education a little bit to bring it to the forefront or centre of our lives, then we will be able to talk about "prevention" of problems, which is more effective. Key-words: Playful Sport Physical Education Definitions of Sport Criticism of contemporary Sport. 3
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Zen Meditation in Relation to the Human Body
Štráfeldová, Hana ; Parry Martínková, Irena (advisor) ; Peliš, Michal (referee)
Zenová meditace a její vztah k tělu Tato práce se zabývá zen buddhistickou meditací, zvanou též "zazen", a jejím komplexrúm působením na člověka. Zen vychází z přesvědčení, že tělo a mysl tvoří jeden celek, a tak se i tato práce snaží postihnout vliv zazenu na tělo a mysl zároveň. Pojednává se zde o způsobu sezerú při této meditaci, o pozitivních účincích zazenu na zdraví člověka, o problémech, které jej mohou provázet, i o jeho přínosu pro běžný každodenní život. Nechybí ani filozofické zázemí zen buddhismu a jeho historická východiska. Klíčová slova: zazen, zen buddhismus, nondualita, východrú nauky, kinhin, satori, zammai, zdraví THESIS ANNOTATION: Zen meditation in relation to the human body This thesis discusses zen buddhism meditation, commonly called "zazen", and its complex effects on the human body. Zen philosophy states that body and mind are one and this work attemps to find the influence of zazen on this "body-mind" system. In this work sitting position during meditation, zazen's posítive effect on health and its contribution to daily life are considered as well as problems that can go hand in hand with it. Also discussed are zen meditation's philosophical background and historical origins. Key words: Zazen, Zen buddhism, Non-dualism, Eastern teachings, Kinhin, Satori, Zammai, Health.
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Tableaux in non-classical logics
Dančák, Michal ; Peliš, Michal (referee) ; Bílková, Marta (advisor)
Dalo by se ríct, že jako dukazová metoda jsou sémantické stromy v Cesku nepríliš používané, a to i presto, že ve svete je to nejoblíbenejší dukazový systém pro modální logiku [1]. Vedle základního Hilbertova kalkulu se v ceské literature nejcasteji objevují sekventové kalkuly, prípadne kalkul prirozené dedukce. Presto má metoda sémantických stromu nekolik nezanedbatelných predností a zajímavých témat. Jak už název napovídá, tento kalkul vychází ze sémantiky - dukazy mají predevším sémantický charakter a pro "jednodušší" logiky jsou i velmi intuitivní. Dokazování je zároven i vyvracení. Pri dokazování metodou sémantických stromu vlastne hledáme protipríklad. Jestliže ho nenajdeme, a pokud jsme postupovali správne, tak neexistuje. Na poradí použití pravidel také nezáleží (až na nekolik vyjímek v nekterých logikách, které si pozdeji ukážeme). I díky temto výhodám je tato metoda také velmi vhodná pro strojové zpracování. V této práci jsem se rozhodl zamerit na to, jak se metoda sémantických stromu chová v substrukturální logice BCK (nekdy též FLew). Zacneme základními definicemi a tím, co to vlastne sémantické stromy jsou, dále bude následovat nekolik príkladu, definice logiky BCK a príslušných odvozovacích pravidel. Celá práce bude završena dukazem úplnosti a korektnosti tohoto kalkulu vuci kripkovské...
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